TS PGECET Exam 2025: Result (Out), Answer Key, Admit Card, Counselling, Cutoff

Flight mechanics: Unit 01

• Properties, standard atmosphere
• Classification of aircraft
• Airplane (fixed wing aircraft) configuration and various parts

Flight mechanics: Unit 02

• Pressure altitude; equivalent, calibrated, indicated air speeds; primary flight instruments: Altimeter, ASI, VSI, turn-bank indicator
• Drag polar; take-off and landing; steady climb and descent, absolute and service ceiling; cruise, cruise climb, endurance or loiter; load factor, turning flight, V-N diagram; winds: Head, tail, and cross winds

Flight mechanics: Unit 03

• Angle of attack, sideslip; roll, pitch, and yaw controls; longitudinal stick fixed and free stability, horizontal tail position and size; directional stability, vertical tail position and size; dihedral stability
• Wing dihedral, sweep, and position; hinge moments, stick forces

Flight mechanics: Unit 04

• Euler angles; equations of motion; aerodynamic forces and moments, stability, and control derivatives; decoupling of longitudinal and lateral directional dynamics and modes

Flight mechanics: Unit 05

• Central force motion, determination of trajectory and orbital period in simple cases
• Orbit transfer, in-plane, and out-of-plane

Aerodynamics: Unit 01

• Incompressible flows irrotational flow, viscous flows, boundary layer on a flat plate, Reynold’s number conservation of mass, momentum and energy, potential flow theory, sources, sinks, doubles, line vertex and their superposition, viscosity

Aerodynamics: Unit 02

• Classification of airfoils, aerodynamic characteristics, high lift devices, Kutta–Joukowski theorem; lift generation; thin airfoil theory; finite wing theory; induced drag; Prandtl lifting line theory, critical and drag, divergence mach number

Aerodynamics: Unit 03

• Basic concepts of compressibility, conservation equations; one dimensional compressible flows, isentropic flows, Fanno flow, Rayleigh flow; normal and oblique shocks, Prandtl-Meyer flow; flow through nozzles and diffusers
• Elementary ideas of viscous flows including boundary layers; wind tunnel testing: Measurement and visualization techniques

Aerodynamics: Unit 04

• States of stress and strain
• Stress and strain transformation
• Mohr's circle
• Principal stresses
• Three-dimensional Hooke's law
• Plane stress and plane strain; failure theories: Rankine, Tresca and von Mises; strain energy
• Castigliano's principles
• Analysis of statically determinate and indeterminate trusses and beams
• Elastic flexural buckling of columns

Aerodynamics: Unit 05

• Characteristics of aircraft structures and materials
• Torsion, bending, and flexural shear of thin-walled sections
• Loads on aircraft

Aerodynamics: Unit 06

• Free and forced vibrations of undamped and damped SDOF systems
• Free vibrations of undamped 2-DOF systems
• Vibration of beams
• Theory of elasticity: Equilibrium and compatibility equations, Airy’s stress function

Propulsion: Unit 01

• Thermodynamics, boundary layers and heat transfer and combustion thermochemistry

Propulsion: Unit 02

• Thrust, efficiency and engine performance of turbojet, turboprop, turbo shaft, turbofan and ramjet engines, thrust augmentation of turbojets and turbofan engines
• Aerothermodynamics of non-rotating propulsion components such as intakes, combustor and nozzle

Propulsion: Unit 03

• Angular momentum, work and compression, characteristic performance of a single stage axial compressor, stage efficiency of the compressor and degree of reaction

Propulsion: Unit 04

• Turbine, stage efficiency annual flow turbine

Propulsion: Unit 05

• Centrifugal compressor stage dynamics, inducer, impeller, and diffuser

Propulsion: Unit 06

• Elements of rocket motor performance, thrust equation and specific impulse, vehicle acceleration, drag, gravity losses, multi-staging of rockets
• Classification of chemical rockets, performance of solid and liquid propellant rockets

Electrical Circuits: Unit 01

• Independent, dependent, ideal, and practical; V-I relationships of resistor, inductor, mutual inductor and capacitor; transient analysis of RLC circuits with DC excitation
• Kirchoff’s laws; mesh, and nodal analysis; superposition, Thevenin, Norton, maximum power transfer, and reciprocity theorems
• Peak, average, and RMS values of AC quantities; apparent, active, and reactive powers; phasor analysis, impedance and admittance; series and parallel resonance, realization of basic filters with R, L, and C elements

Signals and systems: Unit 01

• Periodic, aperiodic and impulse signals; sampling theorem; Laplace, Fourier and Z-transforms; transfer function, frequency response of first and second order linear time invariant systems, impulse response of systems; convolution, correlation
• Discrete time system: Impulse response, frequency response, DFT; basics of IIR and FIR filters

Analog and digital electronics: Unit 01

• Zener diode, BJT, and MOSFET; small signal analysis of transistor circuits, feedback amplifiers
• Characteristics of operational amplifiers; applications of op amps: difference amplifier, adder, subtractor, integrator, differentiator, instrumentation amplifier, buffer

Analog and digital electronics: Unit 02

• Logic gates, Boolean algebra, combinational logic circuits, arithmetic circuits, comparators, Schmitt trigger, multi-vibrators, sequential circuits, flip flops, shift registers, timers and counters; sample-and-hold circuit, multiplexer
• Principles and characteristics of ADC and DAC (resolution, quantization, significant bits, conversion/ settling time); microprocessor and microcontroller: Applications, memory and input-output interfacing; elements of data acquisition systems

Measurements and control systems: Unit 01

• DC potentiometer; bridges for measurement of R, L and C, Q-meter
• Basics of control engineering-modeling system: Transfer function

Sensors and bioinstrumentation: Unit 01

• Hall effect electrochemical and optical sensors and their associated signal conditioning circuits; optical sources and detectors: LED, photodiode, light dependent resistor and their characteristics; physiological signals and their characteristics
• Biopotential amplifiers, generation, acquisition, and signal conditioning of biosignals: ECG, EMG, EEG, EOG, ERG, PCG, GSR
• Noise and artifacts and their management, electrical isolation (optical and electrical) and patient safety systems
• Principles of measuring blood pressure
• Operating principles of medical equipment-cardiac pacemaker, defibrillator, pulse oximeter, hemodialyzer, oxygenator, spirometer

Biomedical signal processing: Unit 01

• ECG data compression algorithms, detection of resting rhythms

Biomechanics: Unit 01

• Structure, functions, composition, and mechanical properties of cortical and cancellous bones

Biomechanics: Unit 02

• Structure, functions, composition, and mechanical properties of soft tissues: Cartilage, tendon, ligament, muscle

Biomechanics: Unit 03

• Features and models

Biomechanics: Unit 04

• Skeletal joints, types of joints, forces and stresses in human joints, free body diagrams and equilibrium, biomechanical of analysis joints, Gait parameters and their analysis

Biomechanics: Unit 05

• Flow properties of blood, blood flow in arteries, veins and micro vessels

Medical imaging systems: Unit 01

• X-ray, CT, ultrasound, MRI, PET

Biomaterials: Unit 01

• Types of biomaterials-metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites
• Characteristics of implants-biocompatibility, bioactivity, biodegradability
• Biomaterial characterization techniques-atomic force microscopy, electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy

Biotechnology: Unit 01

• Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure
• Microbial nutrition
• Growth and control
• Microbial metabolism aerobic and anaerobic respiration, photosynthesis
• Nitrogen fixation
• Chemical basis of mutations and mutagens
• Microbial genetics plasmids, transformation, transduction, conjugation
• Microbial diversity and characteristic features viruses

Biotechnology: Unit 02

• Biomolecules and their conformation
• Weak inter-molecular interactions and biomacromolecules
• Chemical and functional nature of enzymes
• Kinetics of single substrate and bi-substrate enzyme catalyzed reactions bioenergetics
• Metabolism glycolysis, tca and oxidative phosphorylation
• Membrane transport and pumps
• Cell cycle and cell growth control
• Cell signalling and signal transduction

Biotechnology: Unit 03

• Molecular structure of genes and chromosomes
• DNA replication and control
• Transcription and its control
• Translational processes
• Regulatory controls and prokaryotes and eukaryotes
• Mendelian inheritance
• Gene interaction
• Complementation
• Linkage
• Recombination and chromosome mapping
• Extra chromosomal inheritance
• Chromosomal variation
• Population genetics
• Transposable elements
• Molecular basis of genetic diseases and applications

Biotechnology: Unit 04

• Bioprocess technology for the production of cell biomass and primary/secondary metabolites
• Such as baker’s yeast, ethanol, citric acid, amino acids, exopolysacharides, antibiotics and pigments etc
• Microbial production
• Purification and bioprocess application (s) of industrial enzymes
• Production and purification of recombinant proteins on a large scale
• Chromatographic and membrane based bioseparation methods
• Immobilization of enzymes and cells and their application for bioconversion processes
• Aerobic and anaerobic biological processes for stabilization of solid / liquid wastes bioremediation

Biotechnology: Unit 05

• Kinetics of microbial growth
• Substrate utilisation and product formation
• Simple structured models
• Sterilization of air and media
• Batch
• Fed batch and continuous processes
• Aeration and agitation
• Mass transfer and bioreactors
• Rheology of fermentation fluids
• Scale up concepts
• Design of fermentation media
• Various types of microbial and enzyme reactors
• Instrumentation and bioreactors

Biotechnology: Unit 06

• Special features and organization of plant cells
• Totipotency
• Regeneration of plants
• Plant products of industrial importance
• Biochemistry of major metabolic pathways and products
• Autotrophic and heterotrophic growth
• Plant growth regulators and elicitors
• Cell suspension culture development
• Methodology
• kinetics of growth and production formation
• Nutrient optimization
• Production of secondary metabolites by plant suspension cultures
• Hairy root cultures and their cultivation
• Techniques and raising transgencies

Biotechnology: Unit 07

• Metabolism
• Regulation and nutritional requirements for mass cultivation of animal cell cultures
• Kinetics of cell growth and product formation and effect of shear force
• Product and substrate transport
• Micro and macro carrier culture
• Hybridoma technology
• Live stock improvement
• Cloning and animals
• Genetic engineering and animal cell culture
• Animal cell preservation

Biotechnology: Unit 08

• The origin of immunology
• Inherent immunity
• Humoral and cell mediated immunity
• Primary and secondary lymphoid organ
• Antigen b and t cells and macrophages
• Major histocompatibility complex mhc
• Antigen processing and presentation
• Synthesis of antibody and secretion
• Molecular basis of antibody diversity
• Polyclonal and monoclonal antibody
• Complement
• Antigen antibody reaction
• Regulation of immune response
• Immune tolerance
• Hyper sensitivity
• Autoimmunity
• Graft versus host reaction

Biotechnology: Unit 09

• Restriction and modification enzymes
• Vectors
• Plasmid
• Bacteriophage andother viral vectors
• Cosmids
• Ti plasmid
• Yeast artificial chromosome
• CDNA and genomic DNA library
• Gene isolation
• Gene cloning
• Expression of cloned gene
• Transposons and gene targeting
• DNA labelling
• DNA Sequencing
• Polymerase chain reactions
• DNA fingerprinting
• Southern and northern blotting
• Situ hybridization
• RAPD
• RFLP
• Sitedirected mutagenesis
• Gene transfer technologies
• Gene therapy

Biotechnology: Unit 10

• Major bioinformatics resources ncbi, ebi, expasy
• Sequence and structure databases
• Sequence analysis bimolecular sequence file formats, scoring matrices, sequence alignment, phylogeny
• Genomics and proteomics large scale genome sequencing strategies comparative genomics understanding dna micro arrays and protein arrays
• Molecular modeling and simulations basic concepts including concept of force fields

Chemical engineering: Unit 01

• Steady state mass and energy balances for reacting and non-reacting systems; use of tie components; recycle, bypass and purge calculations; degree of freedom analysis
• First and second laws of thermodynamics
• First law application to close and open systems
• Second law and entropy thermodynamic properties of pure substances: Equation of state and departure function, properties of mixtures: Partial molar properties, fugacity, excess properties and activity coefficients
• Phase equilibria: Predicting VLE of systems; chemical reaction equilibria

Chemical engineering: Unit 02

• Fluid statics, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, Bernoulli equation, macroscopic friction factors, energy balance, dimensional analysis, shell balances, flow through pipeline systems, flow meters, pumps and compressors, packed and fluidized beds
• Elementary boundary layer theory, particle size and shape, particle distribution, size reduction and size separation; free and hindered settling; centrifuge and cyclones; thickening and classification, filtration, mixing and agitation; conveying of solids

Chemical engineering: Unit 03

• Conduction, convection and radiation, heat transfer coefficients, steady and unsteady heat conduction, boiling, condensation and evaporation; types of heat exchangers and evaporators and their design

Chemical engineering: Unit 04

• Fick's law, molecular diffusion in fluids, mass transfer coefficients, two film, penetration and surface renewal theories; momentum, heat and mass transfer analogies; stage wise and continuous contacting operations and stage efficiencies
• HTU and NTU concepts design and operation of equipment for distillation, absorption, leaching, liquid-liquid extraction, drying, humidification, dehumidification and adsorption, membrane separation: Microfiltration, ultrafiltration
• Membrane separation: Nanofiltration and reverse osmosis

Chemical engineering: Unit 05

• Theories of reaction rates; kinetics of homogeneous reactions, interpretation of kinetic data, single and multiple reactions in ideal reactors, non-ideal reactors; residence time distribution, single parameter model; non-isothermal reactors
• Kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions; diffusion effects in catalysis, rate and performance equation for catalyst deactivation

Chemical engineering: Unit 06

• Measurement of process variables; sensors, transducers and their dynamics, transfer functions and dynamic responses of simple systems, process reaction curve, controller modes (P, PI, and PID); control valves
• Analysis of closed loop systems including stability, frequency response and controller tuning, cascade, feed forward control

Chemical engineering: Unit 07

• Principles of process economics and cost estimation including depreciation and total annualized cost, cost indices, rate of return, payback period, discounted cash flow
• Optimization in process design and sizing of chemical engineering equipment such as heat exchangers and multistage contactors

Chemical engineering: Unit 08

• Inorganic chemical industries; sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, chlor-alkali industry NaOH, fertilizers (ammonia, urea, SSP, and TSP); natural products industries (pulp and paper, sugar, oil, and fats); petroleum refining and petrochemicals
• Polymerization industries; polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC and polyester synthetic fibers

Structural engineering: Unit 01

• System of forces, free-body diagrams, equilibrium equations; internal forces in structures; friction and its applications; kinematics of point mass and rigid body; centre of mass; Euler’s equations of motion; impulse-momentum; energy methods
• Principle of virtual work

Structural engineering: Unit 02

• Bending moment and shear force in statically determinate beams
• Simple stress and strain relationship: Stress and strain in two dimensions, principal stresses, stress transformation, Mohr's circle
• Simple bending theory, flexural and shear stresses, unsymmetrical bending, shear centre
• Thin walled pressure vessels, uniform torsion, buckling of column, combined and direct bending stresses

Structural engineering: Unit 03

• Analysis of statically determinate trusses, arches, beams, cables and frames, displacements in statically determinate structures and analysis of statically indeterminate structures by force/ energy methods
• Analysis by displacement methods (slope deflection and moment distribution methods), influence lines for determinate and indeterminate structures

Structural engineering: Unit 04

• Construction materials: Structural steel-composition, material properties and behaviour; concrete-constituents, short-term and long-term properties; bricks and mortar; timber; bitumen
• Construction management: Types of construction projects; tendering and construction contracts; rate analysis and standard specifications; cost estimation; project planning and network analysis-PERT and CPM

Structural engineering: Unit 05

• Concrete technology-properties of concrete, basics of mix concrete design, working stress and limit state design concepts, analysis of ultimate load capacity and design of members subjected to flexure, shear, compression and torsion by limit state methods
• Basic elements of prestressed concrete, analysis of beam sections at transfer and service loads
• Losses of prestressed
• Deflection of prestressed concrete simple beams

Structural engineering: Unit 06

• Analysis and design of tension and compression members, beams, beam- columns, column bases
• Connections-simple and eccentric, beam-column connections, plate girders, and trusses

Geotechnical engineering: Unit 01

• Origin of soils, soil classification, three-phase system, fundamental definitions, relationship and interrelationships, permeability and seepage, effective stress principle, consolidation, compaction, shear strength
• One-dimensional consolidation; shear strength; Mohr’s circle, stress-strain characteristics of clays and sand

Geotechnical engineering: Unit 02

• Subsurface investigations-scope, drilling bore holes, sampling, penetration tests, plate load test
• Earth pressure theories, effect of water table, layered soils
• Stability of slopes-infinite slopes, finite slopes
• Foundation types-foundation design requirements
• Shallow foundations-bearing capacity, effect of shape, water table and other factors, stress distribution, settlement analysis in sands and clays
• Deep foundations, pile types, dynamic and static formulae, load capacity of piles in sands and clays, negative skin friction

Water resources and environmental engineering: Unit 01

• Properties of fluids, principle of conservation of mass, momentum, energy and corresponding equations, potential flow, applications of momentum and Bernoulli’s equation, laminar and turbulent flow, flow in pipes, pipe networks
• Concept of boundary layer and its growth
• Uniform flow, critical flow and gradually varied flow in channels, specific energy concept, hydraulic jump
• Forces on immersed bodies, flow measurements in channels, tanks and pipes
• Dimensional analysis and hydraulic similitude
• Kinematics of flow, velocity triangles, and specific speed of pumps and turbines

Water resources and environmental engineering: Unit 02

• Hydrologic cycle, rainfall, evaporation, watershed concepts, infiltration, stage discharge relationships, unit hydrographs, flood estimation, reservoir capacity, reservoir and channel routing
• Well hydraulics

Water resources and environmental engineering: Unit 03

• Duty, delta, estimation of evapotranspiration
• Crop water requirements
• Design of: Lined and unlined canals, waterways, head works, gravity dams and spillways
• Design of weirs on permeable foundation
• Types of irrigation system, irrigation methods
• Water logging and drainage

Water resources and environmental engineering: Unit 04

• Quality standards, basic unit processes and operations for water treatment
• Drinking water standards, water requirements, basic unit operations and unit processes for water treatment, distribution of water
• Sewage and sewerage treatment, quantity and characteristics of wastewater
• Primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment of wastewater, sludge disposal, effluent discharge standards
• Domestic wastewater treatment, quantity of characteristics of domestic wastewater, primary and secondary treatment unit operations and unit processes of domestic wastewater, sludge disposal

Water resources and environmental engineering: Unit 05

• Types of pollutants, their sources and impacts, air pollution meteorology, air pollution control, air quality standards and limit

Water resources and environmental engineering: Unit 06

• Characteristics, generation, collection and transportation of solid wastes, engineered systems for solid waste management (reuse/ recycle, energy recovery, treatment, and disposal)

Water resources and environmental engineering: Unit 07

• Impacts of noise, permissible limits of noise pollution, measurement of noise, and control of noise pollution

Transportation and geomatics engineering: Unit 01

• Highway alignment and engineering surveys; geometric design of highways-cross-sectional elements, sight distances, horizontal and vertical alignments; geometric design of railway track; airport runway length-calculation and correction
• Taxiway, and exit taxiway design

Transportation and geomatics engineering: Unit 02

• Highway materials-(aggregate and bitumen)-desirable properties and quality control tests; design factors for flexible and rigid pavements; design of flexible pavement using IRC: 37-2012; design of rigid pavements using IRC: 58-2011

Transportation and geomatics engineering: Unit 03

• Traffic studies on flow, speed, travel time-delay and O-D study, PCU, peak hour factor, parking study, accident study and analysis, statistical analysis of traffic data; microscopic and macroscopic parameters of traffic flow, fundamental relationships
• Control devices, signal design by Webster’s method; types of intersections and channelization; highway capacity and level of service of rural highways and urban roads

Transportation and geomatics engineering: Unit 04

• Errors and their adjustment; maps-scale, coordinate system; distance and angle measurement-levelling and trigonometric levelling; traversing and triangulation survey; total station; horizontal and vertical curves

Transportation and geomatics engineering: Unit 05

• Scale, flying height; remote sensing-basics, platform and sensors, visual image interpretation; basics of geographical information system (GIS) and geographical positioning system (GPS)

Computer science and information technology: Unit 01

• Boolean algebra, logic gates, flip-flops and counters, combinational and sequential circuits: Minimization, number representations and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point representations)

Computer science and information technology: Unit 02

• Machine instructions and addressing modes, ALU, data and control unit, instruction pipelining, memory hierarchy: Cache, main memory and secondary storage, I/O interface (interrupt and DMA)

Computer science and information technology: Unit 03

• Programming in C, functions, parameter passing, recursion, structured data types: Arrays, structure, union, strings, pointers, file handling
• Arrays, stacks, queues, linked lists, trees: Binary trees, binary search trees, tree operations, heaps, graph terminology and representation, graph traversal techniques

Computer science and information technology: Unit 04

• Searching, sorting, hashing, asymptotic notations, time and space complexity
• Algorithm design techniques: Greedy, dynamic programming and divide‐and‐conquer. Graph traversal techniques, spanning trees, shortest path algorithms

Computer science and information technology: Unit 05

• Regular expressions and finite automata, context-free grammars and pushdown automata, regular and context-free languages, pumping lemma, turing machines, and undecidability

Computer science and information technology: Unit 06

• Lexical analysis, parsing, syntax-directed translation, runtime environments, intermediate code generation, basics of code optimization

Computer science and information technology: Unit 07

• Processes, threads, CPU scheduling, inter‐process communication, concurrency and synchronization, deadlock, memory management and virtual memory, file systems

Computer science and information technology: Unit 08

• ER‐diagrams, relational model: Relational algebra, tuple relational calculus, SQL, integrity constraints, normal forms, file organization: Indexing, B trees and B+ trees, transactions and concurrency control

Computer science and information technology: Unit 09

• Concept of layering, flow and error control techniques, switching, IPv4/ IPv6, routers, and routing algorithms (distance vector, link state)
• TCP/ UDP and sockets, congestion control
• Application layer protocols: DNS, SMTP, POP, FTP, HTTP
• Basics of Wi-Fi, network security: Authentication, basics of public key and private key cryptography, digital signatures and certificates, firewalls

Computer science and information technology: Unit 10

• Software process models, data flow diagram, UML diagrams, requirements engineering, design, software testing, and maintenance

Computer science and information technology: Unit 11

• XML-documents and vocabularies-versions and declaration, namespaces Javascript and XML: Ajax-DOM based XML processing, event-oriented parsing: SAX-transforming XML documents, selecting XML data: XPATH-template based transformations
• Selecting XML data: XSLT-displaying XML documents in browsers
• Separating programming and presentation: JSP technology introduction-JSP and servlets-running JSP applications
• Web services: JAX-RPC-concepts, writing a Java web service client, describing web services: WSDL-representing data types: XML schema-communicating object data: SOAP related technologies

Electrical engineering: Unit 01

• Ideal voltage and current sources, dependent sources, R, L, C elements, KCL, KVL, node and mesh analysis, Thevenin’s, Nortons, superposition and maximum power transfer theorems, transient response of DC and AC networks
• Sinusoidal steady state analysis, resonance, networks graph theory, two-port network, balanced three phase circuits
• Coulomb’s law, electrical field intensity, and potential due to point, line
• Plane and spherical charge distribution
• Gauss’s law, Ampere’s law, Biot-savart’s law, inductance, dielectrics, and capacitance

Electrical engineering: Unit 02

• Single phase transformer-equivalent circuit, phasor diagram, open circuit and short circuit tests, regulation and efficiency; three phase transformers-connections, parallel operation; autotransformer; electromechanical energy conversion principles
• DC machines-types, windings, generator and motor characteristics, armature reaction and commutation, starting and speed control of DC motors; AC machines-three phase induction motors-principles, types, performance, torque speed characteristics
• AC machines-starting and speed control; single phase induction motors; synchronous machines-performance, regulation and parallel operation of generators, synchronous motor starting, characteristics and applications; servo and stepper motors

Electrical engineering: Unit 03

• Basic power generation concepts; transmission line models and performance; cable performance, insulators; corona and radio interference; distribution systems; per-unit quantities; bus impedance and admittance matrices; load flow analysis
• Voltage and frequency control; power factor correction; symmetrical components; fault analysis; principles of over-current, differential and distance protection; solid state relays and digital protection; circuit breakers; system stability concepts
• Swing curves and equal area criterion; HVDC transmission and facts concepts, economic load dispatch with and without network losses

Electrical engineering: Unit 04

• Mathematical modeling and representation of systems, feedback principle, transfer function, block diagrams and signal flow graphs, transient and steady-state analysis of linear time invariant systems, Routh-Hurwitz and Nyquist criteria, bode plots
• Root loci, stability analysis, lag, lead, and lead-lag compensators; P, PI, and PID controllers; state space model, solution of state equation, controllability and observability

Electrical engineering: Unit 05

• Bridges and potentiometers; PMMC, moving iron, dynamometer and induction type instruments; measurement of voltage, current, power, energy, and power factor; instrument transformers; digital voltmeters and multimeters; phase, time and frequency measurement
• Q-meters; oscilloscopes; error analysis

Electrical engineering: Unit 06

• Characteristics of diodes, BJT, FET; amplifiers-biasing, equivalent circuit and frequency response; oscillators and feedback amplifiers; operational amplifiers-characteristics and applications; simple active filters; VCOs and timers
• Combinational and sequential logic circuits; multiplexer; Schmitt trigger; multi-vibrators; sample and hold circuits; A/D and D/A converters; 8085 microprocessor basics, architecture, programming and interfacing

Electrical engineering: Unit 07

• Semiconductor power diodes, thyristors, triacs, GTOS, MOSFETS, and IGBTs-static characteristics and principles of operation; triggering circuits; phase control rectifiers; bridge converters-fully controlled and half controlled
• Principles of choppers and inverters; basic concepts of adjustable speed DC and AC drives

Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 01

• Definition and properties of Laplace transform, network solution methods: Nodal and mesh analysis
• Network theorems: Superposition, Thevenin and Norton's maximum power transfer; Wye-Delta transformation; steady state sinusoidal analysis using phasors; time domain analysis of simple linear circuits, solution of network equations using Laplace transform
• Frequency domain analysis of RLC circuits; 2-port network parameters: Driving point and transfer functions. State equations for networks

Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 02

• Continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier series, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier transform, DFT and FFT, Z-transform
• Sampling theorem
• Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems: Definitions and properties; causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeros, parallel and cascade structure, frequency response, group delay, phase delay

Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 03

• Energy bands in intrinsic and extrinsic silicon
• Carrier transport in silicon: Diffusion current, drift current, mobility, and resistivity
• Generation and recombination of carriers
• P-N Junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, BJT, JFET, MOS capacitor, MOSFET, LED, PIN and avalanche photodiode, basics of lasers
• Device technology: Integrated circuits fabrication process, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, photolithography and twin-tub CMOS process

Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 04

• Small signal equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs, and analog CMOS
• Simple diode circuits, clipping, clamping, rectifier
• Biasing and bias stability of BJT and FET amplifiers
• Amplifiers: Single-and multi-stage, differential, operational, feedback, and power amplifiers
• Frequency response of an amplifiers
• Simple op-amp circuits
• Filters
• Sinusoidal oscillators; criterion for oscillation; single-transistor and op-amp configurations
• Function generators and wave-shaping circuits, 555 timers
• Power supplies, regulation

Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 05

• Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS, number systems)
• Combinatorial circuits: Arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers, decoders, PROMs and PLAs
• Sequential circuits: Latches and flip-flops, counters, and shift-registers
• Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, DACs
• Semiconductor memories: ROM, SRAM and DRAM, microprocessor (8085): Architecture, addressing modes, programming, memory and I/O Interfacing

Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 06

• Basic control system components; feedback principle; transfer function; block diagram representation; signal flow graph; transient and steady-state analysis of LTI systems; frequency response; Routh-Hurwitz and Nyquist stability criteria
• Bode and root-locus plots; lag, lead and lag-lead compensation; state variable model and solution of state equation of LTI systems

Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 07

• Deterministic and random signals, types of noise, autocorrelation, power spectral density, properties of white noise, filtering of random signals through LTI systems
• Analog communication systems: Amplitude and angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectra of AM and FM, super-heterodyne receivers, circuits for analog communications; information theory: Entropy, mutual information and channel capacity theorem;
• Digital communications: Sampling theory pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM); digital modulation schemes: Amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK, QAM); matched filter receiver
• Calculation of bandwidth, SNR and BER for digital modulation schemes; fundamental of error correction, hamming codes; timing and frequency synchronization, inter-symbol interference and its mitigation; basics of TDMA, FDMA, and CDMA

Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 08

• Maxwell's equations: Differential and integral forms and their interpretation, boundary conditions, wave equation, Poynting vector; plane waves and properties: Reflection and refraction, polarization, phase and group velocity
• Plane waves and properties: Propagation through various media, skin depth; transmission lines: Equations, characteristic impedance, impedance matching, impedance transformation, S-parameters
• Smith chart: Waveguides-modes, boundary conditions, cut-off frequencies, dispersion relations
• Antennas: Antenna types, radiation pattern, gain and directivity, return loss, basics of radar

Computer science: Unit 01

• Components of computers, characteristics of computer, modes of operation, type of computer algorithms, flowcharts, programming languages, operating systems, fundamentals of C, structure of C, variables and constants, arithmetic and logical expression

Ecology and environment: Unit 01

• Energy flow in ecosystems-energy fixation by autotrophs, energy beyond the producers, biogeochemical cycles and ecosystems, ecology of populations-population growth, age structure, equilibrium level, dynamics of ecological communities

Microbiology: Unit 01

• Bacteria, fungi, molds and yeasts-algae, protozoa-viruses

Microbiology: Unit 02

• Aerobic and anaerobic cultivation, isolation, enumeration and preservation of microorganisms

Microbiology: Unit 03

• Physical and chemical agents

Microbiology: Unit 04

• Major groups of microbes and their role

Microbiology: Unit 05

• Bacterial growth curve, various phases of growth, growth rate and doubling time

Environmental chemistry: Unit 01

• Environmental segments

Environmental chemistry: Unit 02

• Structure, chemical and photochemical reactions, and ozone chemistry, greenhouse effect

Environmental chemistry: Unit 03

• Hydrologic cycle, chemistry of water, and wastewater

Environmental chemistry: Unit 04

• Micro and macro nutrients, wastes and pollution of soil, air, and water

Environmental chemistry: Unit 05

• Health effects of pollution

Pollution control engineering: Unit 01

• Various pollutants and their harmful effects

Pollution control engineering: Unit 02

• Water purification systems

Pollution control engineering: Unit 03

• Primary/ secondary treatment methods

Pollution control engineering: Unit 04

Geospatial technology: Unit 01

• Internal constitution of the earth, geological processes-exegetic and endogenic, ligneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks, distinguishing features of these three types of rocks, basic principle of structural geology, geology of dams and reservoirs

Geospatial technology: Unit 02

• Geomorphic agents, definition of weathering, types of weathering physical and chemical, definition of erosion and denudation, cycle of erosion, landforms created by geomorphic agents

Geospatial technology: Unit 03

• Map reading, topographic map, conventional symbols, locating points, and map projections and classification of maps

Geospatial technology: Unit 04

• Definition, photo scale, classification of aerial photographs, air photo interpretation key elements, photogrammetric terminology

Geospatial technology: Unit 05

• Electromagnetic energy, electromagnetic spectrum, various satellites and sensors, latest advancements in satellite remote sensing, general knowledge on Indian remote sensing programmes

Fundamentals of surface hydrology: Unit 01

• Precipitation: Different types and forms of precipitation and their mechanism. Rain gauges

Fundamentals of surface hydrology: Unit 02

• Concepts, measurements and factors affecting evaporation, and transpiration

Fundamentals of surface hydrology: Unit 03

• Concept, measurement and factors affecting infiltration, runoff, definition and factors affecting runoff, stream gauging-computation of runoff

Fundamentals of ground water hydrology: Unit 01

• Types of aquifers

Fundamentals of ground water hydrology: Unit 02

• Porosity, specific yield, storativity, hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity-Darcy’s law, groundwater management, artificial recharging methods

Fundamentals of ground water hydrology: Unit 03

• Open wells, tube wells, construction of wells

Fundamentals of ground water hydrology: Unit 04

Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 01

• Carbohydrates-structure and functional properties of mono, di, and oligo polysaccharides including starch, cellulose, pectic substances and dietary fibre; proteins-classification and structure of proteins in food
• Lipids-classification and structure of lipids, rancidity of fats, polymerization and polymorphism; pigments-carotenoids, chlorophylls, anthocyanins, tannins and myoglobin; food flavours-terpenes, esters, ketones and quinones
• Enzymes-Enzymatic and non-enzymatic browning in different foods

Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 02

• Balanced diet, essential amino acids and fatty acids, PER, water soluble and fat soluble vitamins, role of minerals in nutrition, antinutrients, nutrition deficiency diseases, nutraceuticals

Food microbiology and biotechnology: Unit 01

• Characteristics of microorganisms-morphology, structure and detection of bacteria, yeast and mold in food, spores and vegetative cells; microbial growth in food-intrinsic and extrinsic factors, growth and death kinetics
• Characteristics of microorganisms-serial dilution method for quantification; food spoilage-contributing factors, spoilage bacteria, microbial spoilage of milk and milk products, meat and meat products; foodborne disease-toxins produced by staphylococcus
• Foodborne disease-clostridium and aspergillus; bacterial pathogens-salmonella, bacillus, listeria, escherichia coli, shigella, campylobacter

Food microbiology and biotechnology: Unit 02

• Fermented foods-buttermilk, yoghurt, cheese, sausage, alcoholic beverage, vinegar, wine, beer, whisky, sauerkraut, soya sauce, and traditional fermented foods

Food technology: Unit 01

• Composition, nutritive value, processing methods and products of: (i) Rice, wheat, and maize, barley, oats, and minor millets; (ii) bengal gram, red gram, green gram, black gram, chickpeas, (iii) ground nut, soya bean, sunflower, and other oil seeds

Food technology: Unit 02

• Extraction, clarification, concentration and packaging of fruit juice, production of jam, jelly, marmalade, squash, candies, and pickles, pectin from fruit waste, tea, coffee, chocolate and essential oils from spices

Food technology: Unit 03

• Post mortem changes of meat, freezing, aging, pickling, smoking and tenderization of meat, drying and canning of fish
• Structure, composition, nutritive value and functional properties of eggs and its preservation by different methods

Food technology: Unit 04

• Milk processing flow sheet, filtration/ clarification, storage of milk, standardization-simple problems in standardization, homogenization, pasteurization types of pasteurization process
• Manufacture of cream, butter, ghee, milk powder, cheese

Food engineering: Unit 01

• Nature of fluids, flow properties of fluids, flow through pipes and fittings, flow measurement, transportation of fluids-pumps, compressors, and blowers

Food engineering: Unit 02

• Heat transfer by conduction, convection, radiation, boiling and condensation, steady and unsteady state heat transfer

Food engineering: Unit 03

• Size reduction, homogenization, filtration, sedimentation, centrifugation, sieving, mixing and agitation, extraction, crystallization, evaporation, drying and extrusion
• Types of equipment used in each unit operation, their selection, applications in food industry

Food quality and standards: Unit 01

• Food quality and quality attributes-classification of quality attributes and their role in food quality
• Quality assessment of food materials-fruits and vegetables, cereals and pulses, dairy products, meat, poultry, egg and processed food products sensory evaluation of food quality and its methods food adulteration and food safety

Food quality and standards: Unit 02

• Food safety and regulations 2011-scope; definitions and standards of quality and packaging
• FSMS-22000:2005-various elements included in the standard, introduction to the family of ISO 22000 standards, comparison of ISO 9001:2008 vs. ISO 22000:2005, HACCP-terminology, principles, identification of CCPS
• Application of HACCP System and the logic sequence involved
• Codex alimentarius; food safety and standards authority of India (FSSAI)

Geoengineering and geoinformatics: Unit 01

• Development and evolution of landforms; slope and drainage; processes in deep oceanic and near-shore regions; quantitative and applied geomorphology

Geoengineering and geoinformatics: Unit 02

• Primary and secondary structures; geometry and genesis of folds, faults, joints and unconformities; cleavage, schistosity and lineation; methods of projection; tectonites and their significance; shear zones; superposed folding; basement-cover relationship
• Crystallography-symmetry, forms and twinning; crystal chemistry; optical mineralogy, classification of minerals, diagnostic physical and optical properties of rock-forming minerals

Geoengineering and geoinformatics: Unit 03

• Rocks as construction materials; role of geology in the construction of engineering structures including dams, tunnels and excavation sites; natural hazards
• Ground water geology-exploration, well hydraulics and water quality
• Basic principles of remote sensing-energy sources and radiation principles, atmospheric absorption, interaction of energy with earth’s surface, aerial-photo interpretation, multispectral remote sensing in visible, infrared
• Thermal IR and microwave regions, digital processing of satellite images
• GIS-basic concepts, raster, and vector mode operations

Geoengineering and geoinformatics: Unit 04

• Different motions of the earth; gravity field of the earth, Clairaut’s theorem, size and shape of earth; geomagnetic field, paleomagnetism; geothermics and heat flow; seismology and interior of the earth
• Variation of density, velocity, pressure, temperature, electrical and magnetic properties of the earth; earthquakes causes and measurements, magnitude and intensity, focal mechanisms, earthquake quantification, source characteristics
• Seismotectonics, and seismic hazards; digital seismographs

Geoengineering and geoinformatics: Unit 05

• Earth composition
• Earth-orbit

Geoengineering and geoinformatics: Unit 06

• Depth, bottom, relief

Geoengineering and geoinformatics: Unit 07

• Physical properties of minerals

Geoengineering and geoinformatics: Unit 08

• Principles of surveying; errors and their adjustment; maps-scale, coordinate system; distance and angle measurement-levelling and trigonometric levelling; traversing and triangulation survey; total station; horizontal and vertical curves
• Photogrammetry-scale, flying height; remote sensing-basics, platform and sensors, visual image interpretation; basics of geographical information system (GIS) and geographical positioning system (GPS)

Geoengineering and geoinformatics: Unit 09

• Estimation of runoff and evapotranspiration, water table

Geoengineering and geoinformatics: Unit 10

• Meaning, scope, components environments

Geoengineering and geoinformatics: Unit 11

• Texture, strengths, porosity, and permeability

Instrumentation engineering: Unit 01

• Kirchoff's laws, mesh, and nodal analysis
• Circuit theorems
• One-port and two-port network functions
• Static and dynamic characteristics of Measurement Systems
• Error and uncertainty analysis
• Statistical analysis of data and curve fitting

Instrumentation engineering: Unit 02

• Resistive, capacitive, inductive and piezoelectric transducers and their signal conditioning
• Measurement of displacement, velocity and acceleration (translational and rotational), force, torque, vibration and shock
• Measurement of pressure, flow, temperature and liquid level
• Measurement of Ph, conductivity, viscosity and humidity, LVDT, strain gauge and Hall effect sensors

Instrumentation engineering: Unit 03

• Characteristics of diode, BJT, JFET, and MOSFET
• Diode circuits
• Transistors at low and high frequencies, amplifiers, single and multi-stage
• Feedback amplifiers
• Operational amplifiers, characteristics and circuit configurations
• Instrumentation amplifier
• Precision rectifier
• V-to-i and i-to-v converter
• Op-amp based active filters
• Oscillators and signal generators

Instrumentation engineering: Unit 04

• Combinational logic circuits, minimization of boolean functions
• IC families, TTL, MOS, and CMOS
• Arithmetic circuits
• Comparators, Schmitt trigger, timers, and mono-stable multi-vibrator
• Sequential circuits, flip-flops, counters, shift registers
• Multiplexer, S/H circuit
• Analog to-digital and digital to-analog converters
• Basics of number system
• Microprocessor applications, memory, and input-output interfacing
• Microcontrollers

Instrumentation engineering: Unit 05

• Periodic and aperiodic signals
• Impulse response, transfer function and frequency response of first-and second order systems
• Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform, convolution, correlation, and characteristics of linear time invariant systems
• Discrete time system, impulse and frequency response
• Pulse transfer function
• IIR and FIR filters
• Amplitude and frequency modulation and demodulation
• Sampling theorem, pulse code modulation
• Frequency and time division multiplexing
• Amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying, and pulse shift keying for digital modulation

Instrumentation engineering: Unit 06

• Bridges and potentiometers, measurement of R, L, and C
• Measurements of voltage, current, power, power factor, and energy
• AC and DC current probes
• Extension of instrument ranges
• Q-meter and waveform analyzer
• Digital voltmeter and multimeter
• Time, phase, and frequency measurements
• Cathode ray oscilloscope
• Serial and parallel communication
• Shielding and grounding

Instrumentation engineering: Unit 07

• Feedback principles
• Signal flow graphs
• Transient response, steady state-errors
• Routh and Nyquist criteria
• Bode plot, root loci
• Time delay systems
• Phase and gain margin
• State space representation of systems
• Mechanical, hydraulic, and pneumatic system components
• Synchro pair, servo, and step motors
• On-off, cascade, P, PI, PID, feed forward and derivative controller, fuzzy controllers

Instrumentation engineering: Unit 08

• Mass spectrometry
• UV, visible, and IR spectrometry
• X-ray and nuclear radiation measurements
• Optical sources and detectors, LED, laser, photodiode, photoresistor, and their characteristics
• Interferometers, applications in metrology
• Basics of fiber optics
• Biomedical instruments, EEG, ECG, and EMG
• Clinical measurements
• Ultrasonic transducers and Ultrasonography
• Principles of Computer Assisted Tomography

Applied mechanics and design: Unit 01

• Free body diagrams and equilibrium; friction, rolling friction, belt-pulley, screw jack, wedge trusses and frames; virtual work; kinematics and dynamics of particles and rigid bodies in plane motion
• Impulse and momentum (linear and angular) and energy formulations; impact

Applied mechanics and design: Unit 02

• Stress and strain, stress-strain relationship and elastic constants, Poisson’s ratio, Mohr's circle plane stress and plane strain, thin cylinders; shear force and bending moment diagrams; bending and shear stresses; deflection of beams
• Torsion of circular shafts; Euler's theory of columns; strain energy methods; thermal stresses, testing of materials with UTM, hardness and impact strength

Applied mechanics and design: Unit 03

• Displacement, velocity and acceleration analysis of plane mechanisms; dynamic analysis of slider-crank mechanism; gear and gear trains; flywheels, gyroscope and governors, balancing of reciprocating and rotary masses

Applied mechanics and design: Unit 04

• Free and forced vibration of single degree of freedom systems; effect of damping; vibration isolation; resonance, critical speeds of shafts

Applied mechanics and design: Unit 05

• Design for static and dynamic loading; failure theories; fatigue strength the S-N diagram; principles of the design of machine elements such as bolted, riveted and welded joints, shafts, spur gears, rolling and sliding contact bearings
• Brakes and clutches and springs

Fluid mechanics and thermal sciences: Unit 01

• Fluid properties; fluid statics, manometry, buoyancy; forces on submerged bodies, stability of floating bodies, fluid acceleration; differential equations of continuity and momentum; Bernoulli's equation; viscous flow of incompressible fluids
• Boundary layer; elementary turbulent flow; flow through pipes, head losses in pipes, bends etc

Fluid mechanics and thermal sciences: Unit 02

• Modes of heat transfer; one dimensional heat conduction, resistance concept, electrical analogy, heat transfer through fins, unsteady heat conduction, dimensionless parameters in free and forced convective heat transfer
• Various correlations for heat transfer in flow over flat plates and through pipes; thermal boundary layer; effect of turbulence; radiative heat transfer, black and grey surfaces, shape factors, network analysis; heat exchanger performance
• LMTD and NTU methods

Fluid mechanics and thermal sciences: Unit 03

• Thermodynamics: Thermodynamic systems and processes; properties of pure substances, behavior of ideal and real gases; zeroth and first laws of thermodynamics, calculation of work and heat in various processes; second law of thermodynamics
• Thermodynamics: Thermodynamic property charts and tables, availability and irreversibility; thermodynamic relations

Fluid mechanics and thermal sciences: Unit 04

• Power engineering: Air compressors-reciprocating and rotary compressors, Rankine, Brayton cycles with regeneration and reheat
• I.C. Engines: Air-standard Otto, diesel cycles
• Refrigeration and air conditioning: Vapour refrigeration cycle, heat pumps, gas refrigeration, reverse Brayton cycle; moist air: Psychrometric chart, basic psychrometric processes
• Turbomachinery: Pelton wheel, Francis and Kaplan turbines-impulse and reaction principles, velocity diagrams

Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 01

• Structure and properties of engineering materials, heat treatment, stress-strain diagrams for engineering materials, iron-carbon diagram

Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 02

• Design of patterns, moulds and cores; solidification and cooling; riser and gating design, design considerations

Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 03

• Plastic deformation and yield criteria; fundamentals of hot and cold working processes; load estimation for bulk (forging, rolling, extrusion, drawing) and sheet (shearing, deep drawing, bending) metal forming processes; principles of powder metallurgy

Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 04

• Physics of welding, brazing and soldering; adhesive bonding; design considerations in welding

Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 05

• Mechanics of machining, basic machine tool, single and multi-point cutting tools, tool geometry and materials, tool life and wear; economics of machining; principles of nontraditional machining processes; principles of work holding
• Principles of design of jigs and fixtures

Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 06

• Limits, fits, and tolerances; linear and angular measurements; comparators; gauge design; interferometry; form and finish measurement; alignment and testing methods; tolerance analysis in manufacturing and assembly

Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 07

• Basic concepts of CAD/ CAM and their integration tools

Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 08

• Forecasting models, aggregate production planning, scheduling, materials requirement planning

Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 09

• Deterministic models; safety stock inventory control systems.

Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 10

• Linear programming, simplex method, transportation, assignment, network flow models, simple queuing models, PERT, and CPM

Metallurgical engineering: Unit 01

• Laws of thermodynamics, activity, equilibrium constant, applications to metallurgical systems, solutions, phase equilibria, Ellingham and phase stability diagrams, thermodynamics of surfaces, interfaces and defects, adsorption and segregation
• Basic kinetic laws, order of reactions, rate constants and rate limiting steps; principles of electro chemistry-single electrode potential, electrochemical cells and polarizations, aqueous corrosion and protection of metals
• Oxidation and high temperature corrosion-characterization and control; heat transfer-conduction, convection and heat transfer coefficient relations, radiation, mass transfer-diffusion and Fick's laws, mass transfer coefficients
• Momentum transfer-concepts of viscosity, shell balances, Bernoulli's equation, friction factors

Metallurgical engineering: Unit 02

• Minerals of economic importance, comminution techniques, size classification, flotation, gravity, and other methods of mineral processing; agglomeration, pyro-hydro and electro-metallurgical processes; material and energy balances
• Principles and processes for the extraction of non-ferrous metals-aluminium, copper, zinc, lead, magnesium, nickel, titanium, and other rare metals; iron and steel making-principles, role structure and properties of slags, metallurgical coke
• Iron and steel making-blast furnace, direct reduction processes, primary and secondary steel making, ladle metallurgy operations including deoxidation, desulphurization, sulphide shape control, inert gas rinsing and vacuum reactors
• Secondary refining processes including AOD, VAD, VOD, VAR and ESR; ingot and continuous casting; stainless steel making, furnaces and refractories

Metallurgical engineering: Unit 03

• Crystal structure and bonding characteristics of metals, alloys, ceramics and polymers, structure of surfaces and interfaces, nano-crystalline and amorphous structures; solid solutions; solidification; phase transformation and binary phase diagrams
• Principles of heat treatment of steels, cast iron and aluminum alloys; surface treatments; recovery, recrystallization and grain growth; industrially importance
• Ferrous and non-ferrous alloys; elements of X-ray and electron diffraction; principles of scanning and transmission electron microscopy; industrial ceramics, polymers and composites
• Electronic basis of thermal, optical, electrical and magnetic properties of materials; electronic and optoelectronic materials

Metallurgical engineering: Unit 04

• Elasticity, yield criteria, and plasticity; defects in crystals; elements of dislocation theory-types of dislocations, slip and twinning, source and multiplication of dislocations, stress fields around dislocations, partial dislocations
• Elements of dislocation theory-dislocation interactions and reactions; strengthening mechanisms; tensile, fatigue and creep behaviour; super-plasticity; fracture-Griffith theory, basic concepts of linear elastic and elasto-plastic fracture mechanics
• Fracture-ductile to brittle transition, fracture toughness; failure analysis; mechanical testing-tension, compression, torsion, hardness, impact, creep, fatigue, fracture toughness, and formability

Metallurgical engineering: Unit 05

• Metal casting-patterns and moulds including mould design involving feeding, gating and risering, melting, casting practices in sand casting, permanent mould casting, investment casting and shell moulding, casting defects and repair
• Hot, warm, and cold working of metals, metal forming-fundamentals of metal forming processes of rolling, forging, extrusion, wire drawing and sheet metal forming, defects in forming; metal joining-soldering, brazing and welding
• Common welding processes of shielded metal arc welding, gas metal arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding and submerged arc welding; welding metallurgy, problems associated with welding of steels and aluminium alloys, defects in welded joints
• Powder metallurgy-productions of powder, compaction and sintering process.; NDT using dye-penetrant, ultrasonic, radiography, Eddy current, acoustic emission, and magnetic particle methods

Pharmaceutical chemistry: Unit 01

• Bimolecular vitamins and enzymes, metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids

Pharmaceutical chemistry: Unit 02

• Introduction to drug design
• Stereochemistry of drug molecules in relation to biological activity
• Structure, nomenclature, classification, synthesis, SAR and metabolism of the following category of drugs, which are official in Indian pharmacopoeia and British pharmacopoeia: Hypnotics and sedatives, neuroleptics, antidepressants, anxiolytics
• Structure, nomenclature, classification, synthesis, SAR and metabolism of the following category of drugs, which are official in Indian pharmacopoeia and British pharmacopoeia: Anticonvulsants, local anaesthetics; cardiovascular drugs: Antianginal agents
• Cardiovascular drugs: Vasodilators, adrenergic and cholinergic drugs, cardiotonic agents, diuretics, antihypertensive drugs and antilipidemic agents
• Antihistamines; analgesics; NSAIDS; hypoglycemic agents; anticoagulants; antiplatelet agents; chemotherapeutic agents-antibiotics, antibacterials, antifungal, antiviral, antimalarial, anticancer, and antiamoebic drugs; drugs affecting hormonal function

Pharmaceutical chemistry: Unit 03

• Gastrointestinal agents; electrolytes; haematinics; topical agents; dental products. Limit tests for arsenic, iron, lead, chloride, and sulphate

Pharmaceutics: Unit 01

• Matter and properties of matter; micromeritics and powder rheology; surface and interfacial phenomenon; viscosity and rheology; dispersion systems; complexation; kinetics and drug stability

Pharmaceutics: Unit 02

• Methods of sterilization: Moist and dry heat, filtration, radiation and gaseous; sterility testing; media; sampling; neutralization of various antimicrobial substances in dosage forms, principles of microbiological assays
• Principles of immunology-immunity; classification of immunity; natural and acquired immunity; manufacture and standardization of cholera, BCG, polio and rabies vaccines; diphtheria toxoid, tetanus antitoxin
• Monoclonal antibodies-preparation and applications of antibiotics and hormones

Pharmaceutics: Unit 03

• Preformulation studies; pharmaceutical calculations; formulation, development, packaging and evaluation of: Liquid dosage forms, semisolid dosage forms, tablets, capsules, micro-encapsulation, aerosols, parenteral products, Ophthalmic preparations
• Packaging and evaluation of: Suppositories, blood products and plasma substitutes and surgical products; cosmetic preparations: Skin, hair, nails, lips, eye, baby care products, and dentifrices

Pharmaceutics: Unit 04

• Passage of drugs across biological barrier; factors influencing absorption: biological, physico-chemical, physiological and pharmaceutical
• Basic principles of pharmacokinetics; Compartment modeling: one compartment model with reference to intravascular and oral drug administration, concept of clearance
• Non-linear pharmacokinetics with reference to one compartment model after I.V. drug administration; bioavailability and bioequivalence

Pharmaceutics: Unit 05

• General pharmacological principles including toxicology; pharmacology of drugs acting on central nervous system, cardiovascular system (including diuretics), autonomic nervous system, gastrointestinal system and respiratory system
• Pharmacology of autacoids-histamine, antihistaminic drugs
• 5-HT-its agonists and antagonists, prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
• Pharmacology of drugs acting on endocrine system: Thyroid hormones and antithyroid drugs, insulin, oral hypoglycemics, estrogens, progesterone and oral contraceptives, androgens and anabolic steroids
• Chemotherapeutic agents; bioassays; immunopharmacology: Drugs acting on the blood and blood forming organs

Pharmaceutics: Unit 06

• Therapeutic drug monitoring, dosage regimen in renal and hepatic impairment
• Drug-drug interactions and drug-food interactions, adverse drug reactions
• Medication history and review, and patient counseling

Pharmaceutics: Unit 07

• Parkinsonism
• Schizophrenia
• Depression, stroke (ischemic and hemorrhage)
• Hypertension
• Angina
• Myocardial infarction, CCF
• Atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, peptic ulcer, and inflammatory bowel disease
• Cirrhosis and alcoholic liver diseases, acute and chronic renal failure
• Asthma and chronic obstructive airway diseases

Pharmaceutics: Unit 08

• Concepts of qualitative and quantitative analysis
• Fundamentals of volumetric analysis: Methods of expressing concentration, primary, and secondary standards, standardization. Acid-base, oxidation-reduction, precipitation, non-aqueous and complexometric titrations and gravimetric analysis
• Fundamentals of volumetric analysis: Methods of moisture determination; concept of error, precision, accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, detection limit, linearity and range. Ruggedness; calibration of analytical equipment
• Principles, instrumental analysis and applications of the following: Absorption spectroscopy (UV, visible, and IR), fluorimetry, flame photometry, refractometry, polarimetry, potentiometry, conductometry, and polarography
• Principles, instrumental analysis and applications of the following: Chromatographic methods; paper, TLC, column, GC and HPLC and electrophoresis. RIA, ELISA, and pharmacopoeial assays
• Quality assurance and quality control methods
• Concept of GMP,GLP, and GCP

Pharmaceutics: Unit 09

• Pharmacy act 1948; drugs and cosmetics act 1940 and rules 1945 and amendments thereto; narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances act 1985 and rules; drugs price control order

Mine development and surveying: Unit 01

• Methods of access to deposits; underground drivages; drilling methods and machines; explosives, blasting devices, and practices

Mine development and surveying: Unit 02

• Levels and leveling, theodolite, tacheometry, triangulation; contouring; errors and adjustments; correlation; underground surveying; curves; photogrammetry; field astronomy; EDM and total station; introductory GPS

Geomechanics and ground control: Unit 01

• Equivalent force systems; equations of equilibrium; two dimensional frames and trusses; free body diagrams; friction forces; particle kinematics and dynamics; beam analysis

Geomechanics and ground control: Unit 02

• Geotechnical properties of rocks; rock mass classification; instrumentation and stress measurement techniques; theories of rock failure; ground vibrations; stress distribution around mine openings; subsidence; rock bursts and coal bumps; slope stability

Geomechanics and ground control: Unit 03

• Design of pillars; roof supporting systems; mine filling

Mining methods and machinery: Unit 01

• Surface mining: Layout, development, loading, transportation and mechanization, continuous surface mining systems; underground coal mining: Bord and pillar systems, room and pillar mining, longwall mining, thick seam mining methods; highwall mining
• Underground metal mining: open, supported and caved stoping methods, stope mechanization, ore handling systems

Mining methods and machinery: Unit 02

• Generation and transmission of mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic power; materials handling: Haulages, conveyors, face and development machinery, hoisting systems, pumps, crushers

Surface environment, mine ventilation, and underground hazards: Unit 01

• Air, water, and soil pollution: Standards of quality, causes and dispersion of contamination, and control; noise; land reclamation

Surface environment, mine ventilation, and underground hazards: Unit 02

• Underground atmosphere; heat load sources and thermal environment, air cooling; mechanics of airflow, distribution, natural and mechanical ventilation; mine fans and their usage; auxiliary ventilation; ventilation planning; ventilation networks

Surface environment, mine ventilation, and underground hazards: Unit 03

• Mine gases
• Underground hazards from fires, explosions, dust and inundation; rescue apparatus and practices; safety in mines; accident data analysis; mine lighting; mine legislation; occupational safety

Mine economics, mine planning, systems engineering: Unit 01

• Mineral resource classification; discounted cash flow analysis; mine valuation; mine investment analysis; mineral taxation

Mine economics, mine planning, systems engineering: Unit 02

• Sampling methods, practices and interpretation; reserve estimation techniques: Basics of geostatistics and quality control; optimization of facility location; work-study

Mine economics, mine planning, systems engineering: Unit 03

• Concepts of reliability; reliability of simple systems; maintainability and availability; linear programming, transportation and assignment problems; network analysis; inventory models; queueing theory; basics of simulation

General textile technology: Unit 01

• Classification of textile fibres, fibre properties, new fibres, substrate and geometry, spinning of man made fibres and terms related, spinnerets, properties of cotton, wool, silk and bast fibres
• Comparison of natural and man-made fibres for production and properties, spin finish, types of silk yarns, types of silk fabrics, types of yarn (single, multi fold, and fancy)

General textile technology: Unit 02

• Types of silks, production of silk from mulberry, rearing, reeling, throwing process, elements of quality in silk

General textile technology: Unit 03

• Yarn numbering systems, differences, conversion from one system to other

General textile technology: Unit 04

• Organic, Bt, PALF, bamboo, maize, applications

General textile technology: Unit 05

• Objectives, number of sample and sample preparation methods, testing of fibres, yarns and fabrics for properties, interpretation of results using statistics, role of SHF, KESF, FAST, AFIS systems

Yarn manufacture: Unit 01

• Cotton selection, mixing and blending, selection of openers and cleaners, parameters controlling quality, modern developments in openers and blow room

Yarn manufacture: Unit 02

• Objectives, elements, role played, setting, modern developments in card and, drawframe, quality control aspects

Yarn manufacture: Unit 03

• Preparatory process to combing, selection of machines, quality control at comber; simplex objectives, elements, role played, setting, modern developments, and quality control

Yarn manufacture: Unit 04

• Objectives, elements, role played, setting, modern developments and quality control in ring spinning; post spinning machines, selection

Yarn manufacture: Unit 05

• Preparation of spin plan for cotton, blends, and synthetics

Yarn manufacture: Unit 06

• Principles of open end spinning, selection criterion, elements and working of rotor, DREF, and air jet spinning

Yarn manufacture: Unit 07

• Principles and methods of texturing, application

Fabric manufacture: Unit 01

• Types of spinning packages, principles of winding, selection criterion, systems of yarn preparation, practical aspects, kinetics of winding, productivity of winding, quality control aspects and production planning

Fabric manufacture: Unit 02

• Types of warping, selection criterion, practical aspects, practical aspects of sectional warping, productivity, quality control aspects, and production planning

Fabric manufacture: Unit 03

• Different methods of types of sizing, elements of sizing machine, size preparation and devices, size ingredients and selection, calculation of concentration of size recipe, quality control aspects, role of each zone, productivity of winding
• Quality control aspects, and production planning

Fabric manufacture: Unit 04

• Selection of heald, reed and drop wire, and their selection

Fabric manufacture: Unit 05

• Weave preparatory plan, introduction to weaving, loom specification and loom (shuttle) classification and elements and mechanisms, quality control and production aspects, loom primary and secondary motions, shedding devices and sheds, automatic weaving
• Dobby and Jacquard shedding, box motions, practical problems, timing of looms, setting of looms for different types of fibres and sorts

Fabric manufacture: Unit 06

• Principles, selection criterion, working elements of gripper projectile, rapier, airjet and waterjet weaving, multiphase weaving, triaxial weaving

Fabric structure, knitting, nonwovens, and textile wet processing: Unit 01

• Elements of fabric structure, representation, primary, secondary and special weaves, compound structures and their features

Fabric structure, knitting, nonwovens, and textile wet processing: Unit 02

• Principles of loop formation in latch, beard and compound needle in weft knitting, machine arrangement for rib, purl and interlock, methods of representation of knit structure, geometry of knits, elements of warp knitting, machine aspects
• Loop formation in latch, beard and compound needle, type of warp knit structure, calculations in weft and warp knitting

Fabric structure, knitting, nonwovens, and textile wet processing: Unit 03

• Differences between woven, knitted and nonwoven, methods of nonwoven, selection, production of needle punched nonwoven, properties, and applications

Fabric structure, knitting, nonwovens, and textile wet processing: Unit 04

• Grey cloth inspection, method of water calculation, elements, process and parameters of singeing, desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerizing and quality control aspects, dyeing and elements of dyeing, dyes and classification, dyeing methods
• Faults of dyeing, printing and its elements, methods of printing, print paste preparation and elements of print paste, role played by each element, printing machines, selection of printing methods; finishing elements and methods
• Types of finishes and machines used

Apparel technology: Unit 01

• Need, scope, role played by sourcing manager

Apparel technology: Unit 02

• Need and scope of markers, types, marker making methods (manual and automated), constraints on fabric width, checks and stripes, constraints on grain direction

Apparel technology: Unit 03

• Need, objectives, requirements and methods of spreading, economic cut quantities, factors affecting economic cut quantities, computerized cut order planning

Apparel technology: Unit 04

• Objectives, methods of cutting, types of cutting machines and applications, study on computer controlled cutting machine, role of CNC machines in cutting, laser, water jet and plasma cutting
• Stickering, bundling, dispatch

Apparel technology: Unit 05

• Introduction to sewing machines, types, sewing machine-components and functions of sewing machine
• Embroidery machines-mechanism, stitch formation, computer controlled embroidery sewing machine
• Selection of stitches and stitching mechanism: Classification, comparison of stitches, and Its usage
• Seams: Definition, types of seams, seam finishes

Apparel technology: Unit 06

• Types, selection of sewing threads, sewing problems
• Sewing thread consumption, work aids, care labelling

Apparel technology: Unit 07

• Need, methods, requirement of fusing process, fusing machinery
• Quality control in fusing
• Pressing of garment and equipment

Apparel technology: Unit 08

• Types, principles of laundering, different methods of washing, characteristics of washing machine