JEE Mains 2027 Syllabus PDF - Check PCM Chapter Wise Syllabus

Unit Name

Topics and Subtopics

Units and Measurements

Units of measurement, system of units, SI units, fundamental and derived units, least count, significant figures, errors in measurements, dimensions of physical quantities, dimensional analysis and applications

Kinematics

Frame of reference, motion in a straight line, speed and velocity, uniform & non-uniform motion, average speed, instantaneous velocity, uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time & position-time graphs, equations of motion, relative velocity, motion in a plane, projectile motion, uniform circular motion

Laws of Motion

Force and inertia, Newton’s laws of motion, momentum, impulse, conservation of linear momentum, equilibrium of concurrent forces, static & kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction, centripetal force & applications (vehicles on curved roads)

Work, Energy and Power

Work by constant/variable force, kinetic & potential energy, work-energy theorem, power, spring energy, conservation of mechanical energy, conservative/non-conservative forces, vertical circular motion, elastic/inelastic collisions (1D & 2D)

Rotational Motion

Centre of mass, rotational motion basics, torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum, moment of inertia, radius of gyration, parallel/perpendicular axes theorems, equilibrium of rigid bodies, rotational equations, linear vs rotational motion

Gravitation

Newton’s law of gravitation, acceleration due to gravity (variation with height/depth), Kepler’s laws, gravitational potential energy & potential, escape velocity, satellite motion, orbital velocity, time period, satellite energy

Properties of Solids and Liquids

Elasticity (stress-strain, Hooke’s Law, modulus types), pressure in fluids, Pascal’s law, viscosity, Stoke’s law, terminal velocity, streamline vs turbulent flow, Bernoulli’s principle, surface tension & energy, capillarity, heat & temperature, specific heat, calorimetry, heat transfer (conduction, convection, radiation)

Thermodynamics

Thermal equilibrium, Zeroth law, heat, work, internal energy, First law, isothermal & adiabatic processes, Second law (reversible/irreversible processes)

Kinetic Theory of Gases

Ideal gas equation, gas compression work, assumptions of kinetic theory, pressure concept, kinetic interpretation of temperature, RMS speed, degrees of freedom, law of equipartition of energy, specific heat of gases, mean free path, Avogadro’s number

Oscillations and Waves

SHM: time period, frequency, displacement, phase, spring oscillations, pendulum derivation, wave motion: types of waves, wave speed, wave equation, superposition principle, reflection, standing waves, harmonics, beats

Electrostatics

Electric charge, conservation, Coulomb’s law, superposition, electric field (point charge & dipole), torque on dipole, field lines, electric flux, Gauss's law & applications (wire, sheet, shell), electric potential, potential energy, equipotential surfaces, conductors, dielectrics, capacitors, series/parallel combinations, energy stored

Current Electricity

Electric current, drift velocity, mobility, Ohm’s law, I-V characteristics, resistance, power, resistivity, series/parallel resistors, temperature effects, internal resistance, EMF, combination of cells, Kirchhoff’s laws, Wheatstone Bridge, Metre Bridge

Magnetic Effects of Current & Magnetism

Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s law, magnetic force on charges & conductors, force between wires, torque on current loop, moving coil galvanometer, magnetic dipoles, field lines, bar magnet field, magnetic materials (para, dia, ferro), temperature effects

Electromagnetic Induction & AC

Faraday’s law, Lenz’s law, eddy currents, self & mutual induction, AC: RMS/peak values, LCR circuits, resonance, AC power, wattless current, AC generator, transformer

Electromagnetic Waves

Displacement current, EM wave characteristics, transverse nature, EM spectrum (radio to gamma), applications

Optics

Reflection, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction, lens formulas, total internal reflection, lens combinations, prism, microscopes, telescopes, wave optics: Huygens' principle, interference (Young’s experiment), diffraction (single slit), polarization, Brewster’s law

Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

Photoelectric effect, Einstein's equation, de Broglie wavelength, wave-particle duality

Atoms and Nuclei

Rutherford & Bohr models, hydrogen spectrum, nucleus composition & size, mass-energy equivalence, binding energy, nuclear fission/fusion

Electronic Devices

Semiconductors, diode (forward/reverse bias), rectifier, LED, photodiode, solar cell, Zener diode (regulation), logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND, NOR)

Experimental Skills

Experiments: Vernier callipers, screw gauge, pendulum, metre scale, Young’s modulus, surface tension, viscosity, resonance tube, specific heat (solid/liquid), resistance (Ohm’s law), resistivity (metre bridge), galvanometer calibration, focal lengths, prism deviation, refractive index, diode/Zener characteristics, component identification

Unit Name

Topics and Subtopics

Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry

Matter and its nature, Dalton's atomic theory, concepts of atom, molecule, element, compound, laws of chemical combination, atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae, chemical equations, stoichiometry

Atomic Structure

Electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect, hydrogen spectrum, Bohr model (postulates, energy & radius formulas, limitations), dual nature of matter, de Broglie relation, Heisenberg principle, quantum mechanical model of atom, atomic orbitals (ψ and ψ² variation), quantum numbers, shapes of s, p, d orbitals, spin quantum number, Aufbau principle, Pauli’s exclusion principle, Hund’s rule, electronic configuration, stability of half-filled & fully-filled orbitals

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Kossel-Lewis theory, ionic and covalent bonding, lattice enthalpy, Fajan’s rule, electronegativity, dipole moment, VSEPR theory, shapes of molecules, valence bond theory (VBT), hybridization (s, p, d), resonance, molecular orbital theory (MOT), LCAO, bonding/antibonding orbitals, σ and π bonds, bond order, bond energy, metallic bonding, hydrogen bonding and its applications

Chemical Thermodynamics

Thermodynamic terms: system, surroundings, properties, types of processes, First Law: internal energy, work, heat, enthalpy, heat capacities, Hess’s Law, enthalpies (formation, combustion, sublimation, ionisation, etc.), Second Law: entropy (ΔS), spontaneity (ΔG, ΔG°), Gibbs energy & equilibrium constant

Solutions

Concentration terms (molality, molarity, mole fraction, % by mass/volume), vapour pressure, Raoult’s Law, ideal & non-ideal solutions, colligative properties (lowering of vapour pressure, depression of freezing point, elevation of boiling point, osmotic pressure), molecular mass determination, abnormal molar mass, van’t Hoff factor

Equilibrium

Dynamic equilibrium, equilibrium in physical processes (solid-liquid, gas-liquid, etc.), Henry’s law, law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constants (Kp, Kc), Gibbs energy & equilibrium, Le Chatelier’s principle (effects of concentration, pressure, temperature, catalyst), ionic equilibrium, acid-base theories (Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, Lewis), ionization of acids/bases, ionization constant, pH, common ion effect, hydrolysis, buffer solutions, solubility product

Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry

Oxidation-reduction concepts, oxidation number (rules & balancing), conductance (electrolytic & metallic), molar conductivity, variation with concentration, Kohlrausch’s law, electrochemical cells (electrolytic & galvanic), electrodes, electrode potentials (standard and non-standard), cell reactions, emf, Nernst equation & applications, relation between emf & ΔG, dry cell, lead accumulator, fuel cells

Chemical Kinetics

Rate of reaction, factors affecting rate (concentration, temperature, pressure, catalyst), elementary vs complex reactions, order & molecularity, rate law, rate constant (units), zero & first-order reactions (integrated/differential forms), half-life, temperature effect, Arrhenius equation, activation energy, collision theory (bimolecular, qualitative understanding)

Unit Name

Topics and Subtopics

Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

- Modern periodic law, long-form periodic table - s-, p-, d-, and f-block elements - Periodic trends in: Atomic & ionic radii, Ionisation enthalpy, Electron gain enthalpy, Valency & oxidation states, Chemical reactivity

p-Block Elements (Group 13 to 18)

- Electronic configuration - General trends in physical & chemical properties (across periods & down groups) - Anomalous behaviour of the first element in each group (e.g., B, C, N, O, F) - Overview of each group from 13 to 18

d- and f-Block Elements

Transition Elements (d-block): - Electronic configuration, occurrence, characteristics - Trends across first-row transition metals: Ionisation enthalpy, oxidation states, atomic radii, colour, catalytic behaviour, magnetic properties, complex formationAlloy & interstitial compound formation - Preparation, properties, uses of K₂Cr₂O₇ and KMnO₄ Inner Transition Elements (f-block): - Lanthanoids: Electronic configuration, oxidation states, lanthanoid contraction - Actinoids: Electronic configuration, oxidation states

Coordination Compounds

- Introduction and basic terms: ligands, coordination number, denticity, chelation - Werner's theory - IUPAC nomenclature (mononuclear compounds) - Types of isomerism (geometrical, optical, linkage, etc.) - Bonding: Valence bond theory (VBT)Crystal field theory (CFT) – basic ideas - Colour and magnetic properties - Applications: Qualitative analysis, Extraction of metals Biological importance

Unit Name

Topics and Subtopics

Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds

- Purification methods: Crystallisation, sublimation, distillation, differential extraction, chromatography (principles & applications) - Qualitative Analysis: Detection of N, S, P, and halogens - Quantitative Analysis: Estimation of C, H, N, halogens, S, P (basic principles only) - Calculations: Empirical & molecular formulae, numerical problems

Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry

- Tetravalency of carbon, shapes of molecules (sp, sp², sp³ hybridization) - Classification of organic compounds based on functional groups (halogens, O, N, S) - Homologous series - Isomerism: Structural and stereoisomerism - Nomenclature: IUPAC and trivial names - Covalent bond fission: Homolytic & heterolytic - Reactive intermediates: Free radicals, carbocations, carbanions (stability) - Electrophiles and nucleophiles - Electronic effects: Inductive, electromeric, resonance, hyperconjugation - Types of reactions: Substitution, addition, elimination, rearrangement

Hydrocarbons

- Classification, isomerism, IUPAC naming, general preparation, properties - Alkanes: Conformations (Newman & Sawhorse), halogenation mechanism - Alkenes: Geometrical isomerism, electrophilic addition (mechanism), addition of H₂, X₂, H₂O, HX (Markovnikov’s rule, peroxide effect), ozonolysis, polymerization - Alkynes: Acidic character, addition reactions, polymerization - Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Benzene structure, aromaticity, electrophilic substitution reactions: nitration, halogenation, Friedel–Crafts alkylation/acylation, directive influence

Organic Compounds Containing Halogens

- General preparation methods - Properties and reactions - Nature of C–X bond - Mechanisms of nucleophilic substitution reactions - Uses and environmental impact: Chloroform, iodoform, freons, DDT

Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen

- General preparation, properties, reactions, and uses of the following: Alcohols: Distinguishing primary/secondary/tertiary alcohols, dehydration mechanism Phenols: Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution (halogenation, nitration, sulphonation), Reimer–Tiemann reaction Ethers: Structure Aldehydes and Ketones: Carbonyl group reactivity, nucleophilic addition (HCN, NH₃, Grignard reagent), oxidation & reduction (Clemmensen, Wolff-Kishner), α-hydrogen acidity, aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction, haloform reaction, distinguishing tests Carboxylic Acids: Acid strength and influencing factors

Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

- Amines: Preparation, properties, uses, nomenclature, classification, structure, basicity, identification of 1°, 2°, 3° amines - Diazonium Salts: Preparation, properties, reactions, importance in organic synthesis

Biomolecules

- Carbohydrates: Classification (aldoses/ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose, fructose), oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose) - Proteins: α-amino acids, peptide bond, structure (primary to quaternary), denaturation, enzymes - Vitamins: Types and functions - Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA (structure, biological functions) - Hormones: General introduction

Principles Related to Practical Chemistry

- Detection of extra elements: N, S, halogens in organic compounds - Detection of functional groups: Hydroxyl (alcoholic & phenolic), carbonyl (aldehydes & ketones), carboxyl, amino groups - Preparation of compounds: - Inorganic: Mohr’s salt, potash alum - Organic: Acetanilide, p-nitroacetanilide, aniline yellow, iodoform - Titrimetric exercises: - Acids and bases using indicators - Oxalic acid vs KMnO₄ - Mohr’s salt vs KMnO₄ - Qualitative salt analysis: - Cations: Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, Al³⁺, Fe³⁺, Zn²⁺, Ni²⁺, Ca²⁺, Ba²⁺, Mg²⁺, NH₄⁺ - Anions: CO₃²⁻, S²⁻, SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, Cl⁻, Br⁻, I⁻ (soluble salts only) - Important Experiments: 1. Enthalpy of solution of CuSO₄ 2. Enthalpy of neutralization (strong acid–base) 3. Preparation of lyophilic & lyophobic sols 4. Kinetics of iodide + H₂O₂ reaction at room temperature

Unit Title

Key Topics Covered

Sets, Relations and Functions

- Sets and representation - Union, intersection, complement - Power set - Relations and types - Equivalence relations - Functions: one-one, onto, into - Composition of functions

Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations

- Complex numbers as ordered pairs of reals - Form a + ib, Argand diagram - Modulus, argument - Algebra of complex numbers - Quadratic equations - Roots and coefficients - Formation of equations

Matrices and Determinants

- Types and algebra of matrices - Determinants (order 2 and 3) - Area of triangle using determinants - Adjoint and inverse of matrices - Solving linear equations using matrices

Permutations and Combinations

- Fundamental principle of counting - P(n, r) and C(n, r) - Simple applications

Binomial Theorem

- Binomial expansion for positive integers - General term, middle term - Simple applications

Sequence and Series

- Arithmetic and geometric progression (A.P. & G.P.) - A.M. and G.M. - Insertion of means

Limit, Continuity and Differentiability

- Real-valued functions - Graphs of basic functions - Limits and continuity - Differentiability - Derivatives (sum, product, quotient) - Trig, inverse trig, exponential, log, implicit, composite functions - Applications: rate of change, monotonicity, maxima and minima

Integral Calculus

- Integration as anti-derivative - Basic integrals - Methods: substitution, parts, partial fractions - Trig identities - Definite integrals and properties - Area under curves

Differential Equations

- Order and degree - Solution by separation of variables - Homogeneous and linear differential equations

Coordinate Geometry

- Cartesian coordinates - Distance, section formula - Locus, slope, intercepts - Straight lines, angle, concurrency - Triangle (centroid, orthocentre, circumcentre) - Circle: standard and general forms - Conic sections: parabola, ellipse, hyperbola

Three-Dimensional Geometry

- Coordinates in space - Distance and section formula - Direction cosines and ratios - Angle between lines - Equation of line, skew lines, shortest distance

Vector Algebra

- Scalars and vectors - Vector addition - Components in 2D and 3D - Scalar and vector products

Statistics and Probability

- Mean, median, mode (grouped & ungrouped) - Standard deviation, variance, mean deviation - Probability: basic rules - Addition, multiplication, Bayes’ theorem - Probability distributions

Trigonometry

- Trigonometric identities - Trig functions - Inverse trig functions

Part / Subject

Topics

Mathematics

• Complex numbers and quadratic equations

• Matrices and determinants

• Sets, relations and functions

• Permutations and combinations

• Limit, continuity and differentiability

• Integral calculus

• Three‑dimensional geometry (Only Coordinates of a point in space, the distance between two points, section formula, direction ratios, direction cosines, and the angle between two intersecting lines. Skew lines, the shortest distance between them, and their equation. Equations of a line)

• Differential equations

• Binomial theorem and its simple applications

• Sequences and series • Vector algebra

• Statistics and probability • Trigonometry • Coordinate geometry

General Aptitude (Part II)

Awareness of persons, places, Buildings, and Materials. Objects, Texture related to Architecture and the built environment. Visualising three‑dimensional objects from two‑dimensional drawings. Visualising different sides of three‑dimensional objects. Analytical Reasoning Mental Ability (Visual, Numerical and Verbal). II. Three‑dimensional perception: Understanding and appreciation of scale and proportion of objects, colour, texture, harmony and contrast, building forms and elements. Design and drawing of geometrical or abstract shapes and patterns in pencil. Transformation of forms, both 2D and 3D union, rotation, subtraction, development of surfaces and volumes, elevation, and Generation of Plans and 3D views of objects. Creating two‑dimensional and three‑dimensional compositions using given shapes and forms.

Drawing Part (for B.Arch) / Planning Part (for B.Plan)

Drawing (B.Arch): Sketching of scenes and activities from memory of urban landscapes (public spaces, markets, festivals, street scenes, monuments, recreational spaces, etc.), landscape (riverfronts, Jungle, Gardens, trees, Plants, etc.) and rural life. To be conducted in a Drawing sheet.

Planning (B.Plan): 1. General Awareness ‑ General knowledge questions and knowledge about prominent cities, development issues, government programs, etc. 2. Social Sciences ‑ The idea of nationalism, nationalism in India, the pre‑modern world, 19th‑century global economy, colonialism, and colonial cities, industrialization, resources, and development, types of resources, agriculture, water, mineral resources, industries, national economy; Human Settlements, Power‑sharing, federalism, political parties, democracy, the constitution of India, Economic development‑ economic sectors, globalization, the concept of development, poverty; Population structure, social exclusion, and inequality, urbanization, rural development, colonial cities. 3. Thinking Skills ‑ Comprehension (unseen passage); map reading skills, scale, distance, direction, area, etc.; critical reasoning; understanding of charts, graphs, and tables; basic concepts of statistics and quantitative reasoning.

Best Books

Author

Organic Chemistry

Morrison & Boyd

Concise Inorganic Chemistry

J D Lee

Organic Chemistry

O P Tandon

Concept of Physical Chemistry

P Bahadur

Physical Chemistry

P.W. Atkins

Modern Approach to Chemical Calculations

R.C. Mukherjee

Maths Books

Author

Complete mathematics

JEE Main TMH

Plane Trigonometry

S L Loney

The Elements Of Coordinate Geometry

S L Loney

Play with Graphs

Amit M Agarwal (Arihant Publications)

Differential Calculus

Amit M Agarwal (Arihant Publications)

Objective Mathematics

R D Sharma

Algebra by Dr. S K Goyal

Arihant Publications

Integral Calculus

Amit M Agarwal (Arihant Publications)

Physics books

Author

Problems in General Physics

I.E Irodov

Problems and solutions of physics

Shashi Bhushan Tiwari

Fundamentals of Physics

Halliday, Resnick & Walker

Understanding Physics

D C Pandey (Arihant Publications)

Concepts of physics (Vol. 1 and 2)

H.C Verma

Understanding physics

Freedman and Young

Problems in physics

SS Krotov