d-Block Elements | Catalysts, Alloys, Electrode potentials, Oxidation states, Oxoanions (Cr, Mn) |
Benzene | Friedel-Crafts, Electrophilic substitution, Nitration, Halogenation, Sulfonation, Directing effects, Structure |
States of Matter | Velocity types, Vapour pressure, Intermolecular forces, Deviation from ideality, Kinetic theory, Surface tension, Partial pressure, Ideal gas equation, Diffusion, van der Waals equation, Gas laws, Viscosity, Absolute temperature scale |
Coordination Compounds | Ligands, Color, Werner theory, Stability, Isomerism, VBT, Metal carbonyls, Magnetic properties, Nomenclature, CFT |
Polymers | Nylon, Teflon, Types, Applications, Synthetic rubber, Natural polymers, Bio-degradable, PVC |
Chemical Thermodynamics | Hess’s law, Gibbs energy, Reaction enthalpy, Intensive/extensive properties, Enthalpy, First law, Internal energy, Second law, Lattice enthalpy, Fusion/vaporization, Heat/work, State functions, Entropy |
Aldehydes & Ketones | Reduction, Oxidation, Aldol, Cannizzaro, Preparation, Nucleophilic addition |
Alkanes | Halogenation, Butane conformations, Preparation, Ethane conformations, Oxidation, Combustion, Physical properties |
Chemical & Ionic Equilibrium | Law of mass action, pH, Acids/bases, Solubility product, Common ion effect, Hydrolysis, ∆G, Kp & Kc, Le Chatelier’s principle, Reaction quotient |
Environmental Chemistry | Green chemistry, Water/soil/air pollution, Industrial waste |
Solutions | Raoult’s law, Henry’s law, Ideal solutions, van’t Hoff factor, Colligative properties |
Amines | Nitrous acid, Hinsberg, Hoffmann, Diazotization, Nitrile reduction, Gabriel synthesis, Alkylation, Amide reduction |
General Topics | Displacement, Normality, Mole concept, Molarity, Dalton’s theory, Balanced equations, Redox, Neutralization, Atoms & molecules, Chemical formulae, Stoichiometry, Mole fraction, Molality, Concentration |
p-Block Elements | Group 13–18 properties, Reactivity, SO₂, NH₃, CO₂, Borax, Cl₂, XeF₂, BF₃, Trends |
Biomolecules | Peptide bond, Hydrolysis (sucrose), RNA, Protein structures, Glucose, DNA, Amino acids |
Chemical Bonding | Covalent bonds, VSEPR, Hydrogen bonding, Shapes, Hybridisation, Dipole moment, MO diagrams, Orbital overlap |
Electrochemistry | Electrolytic conductance, EMF, Electrochemical series, Cells, Fuel cells, Batteries, Faraday’s laws, Nernst, Electrode potentials, Kohlrausch’s law, Corrosion |
Carboxylic Acids | Amidation, Nitrile hydrolysis, Reduction, Grignard synthesis, Physical properties, Esterification, Halogenation |
Atomic Structure | Pauli principle, Aufbau, Orbitals (s, p, d), Quantum numbers, Hydrogen spectrum, Bohr model, Heisenberg, de Broglie, Wave-particle duality, Energies |
Hydrogen | H₂O₂, Isotopes, Heavy water, Position, Hydrides, Water, Fuel use |
Qualitative Analysis | Halides, Nitrate, Group I–V cations, CO₃²⁻, SO₄²⁻, S²⁻ |
Alcohols | Substitution, Dehydration, Esterification, Oxidation to acids/aldehydes, Properties |
Surface Chemistry | Surfactants, Adsorption types, Emulsions, Colloids, Freundlich isotherm, Micelles, Preparation |
Haloarenes | Nucleophilic substitution, Fittig, Wurtz-Fittig |
Classification of Elements | Reactivity, Periodicity, Modern law, Valency, Radius, Enthalpy, Electronegativity, Configuration |
Solid State | FCC/BCC, HCP, Radius ratio, Crystal systems, Point defects, Neighbors, Crystalline solids |
Alkyl Halides | Rearrangement, Grignard, Nucleophilic substitution, Stereochemistry |
f-Block Elements | Oxidation, Properties, Lanthanoid contraction, Actinoids |
Alkenes & Alkynes | Polymerization, KMnO₄, Electrophilic addition, Elimination, Reduction, Ozonolysis, Acetylides |
Practical Organic Chemistry | Hydroxyl, Carbonyl, Nitro, Carboxyl, Amino group tests, N, S, Halogen detection |
Everyday Chemistry | Antacids, Sweeteners, Soaps, Drug actions, Antihistamines |
Ethers | Williamson synthesis, C–O bond cleavage |
Basic Organic Principles | Resonance, Isomerism, σ/π bonds, IUPAC, Hyperconjugation, Acidity/basicity, Formulas, Inductive effect, Hybridization, Intermediates |
Chemical Kinetics | Catalysis, Zero/first-order, Half-life, Rate laws, Temp dependence, Rate constant, Enzymes, Arrhenius, Order/molecularity |
s-Block Elements | Oxides/hydroxides, Group 1 & 2 reactivity, Li/Be anomalies, Na/Ca compounds, Reducing nature, Halides, Salts, Uses |
Isolation of Metals | Refining, Thermodynamics, Ores/concentration, Electrochemical methods, Cyanide process |
Phenols | Esterification, Substitution, Oxidation, Kolbe, Properties, Reimer-Tiemann, Reduction |