IITs are no longer the playground of male students. Post the joint decision to create 20 per cent of supernumerary seats for women in 2017, there has been a constant and a steady increase in the number of women admissions. The number of women IITians has shown a gradual increase from 8.11 per cent in 2016-17, 16.14 per cent in 2020-21 and 19.14 per cent in 2021-22.
National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) a central government body established to rank higher educational institutions in India shows categories of students studying in premier institutes like IIT. The categories here specifically include students from Economically Weaker Sections (EWS), Person With Disabilities (PWD), Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST) and Other Backward Classes (OBC).
The Government of India (GOI), has made it mandatory for every IIT to reserve a certain number of seats for the above-mentioned categories. All IITs should keep 27 per cent of total seats for OBC, 15 per cent for SC, 10 per cent for EWS, and 7.5 per cent for ST categories respectively. Five per cent of seats of each category including General are reserved for PWD.
India's IITs are categorised into three generations. The first generation IITs, such as IIT Bombay, IIT Delhi, IIT Kanpur, IIT Kharagpur, IIT Madras, IIT Roorkee, and IIT Guwahati. The second generation IITs established in 2008, comprises IIT Ropar, IIT Bhubaneswar, IIT Gandhinagar, IIT Hyderabad, IIT Jodhpur, IIT Patna, and IIT Mandi.
Careers360 in this analysis has included the new IITs and two reputed engineering colleges IIT (BHU) Varanasi and IIT (ISM) Dhanbad as they are even older than some first-generation IITs.
The remaining six IITs which are also third-generation IITs were established around 2015 and 2016. These are not included in this comparative analysis. IIT Goa is still not included in NIRF's top 100 list, and the remaining five IIT Palakkad, IIT Tirupati, IIT Bhilai, IIT Dharwad, IIT Jammu are very new to be included in the analysis process. In this analysis the percentage participation of only students from four-year undergraduate programmes is taken into consideration
There has been a significant rise in the rate of admission of female students in the new IITs both in percentage and absolute numbers. IIT Hyderabad has always encouraged female participation with at least 14 per cent of female candidates studying in the institute for the past seven years. However, the scale of the rise in the number of female admissions to college has been slow. IIT Patna on the other hand started with the lowest number of female student participants in 2015. It ranks among the top colleges with active female participation. IIT (BHU) Varanasi has the highest number of female students in absolute numbers with a significant rise of 11.26 percentage points since 2015-16.
Have a look at the table below to determine the percentage of female students in new IITs since 2015.
(%) age Of Female Students Participation in the last seven years
Name | 2021-22 | 2020-21 | 2019-20 | 2018-19 | 2017-18 | 2016-17 | 2015-16 |
IIT Ropar | 18.06 | 15.37 | 12.56 | 9.73 | 6.50 | 6.33 | 5.78 |
IIT Bhubaneswar | 18.17 | 15.98 | 12.44 | 10.30 | 8.47 | 8.96 | 9.50 |
IIT Gandhinagar | 18.26 | 15.37 | 12.81 | 11.02 | 9.38 | 9.78 | 9.96 |
IIT Hyderabad | 19.37 | 18.93 | 16.27 | 16.10 | 14.67 | 16.30 | 16.32 |
IIT Jodhpur | 16.91 | 16.45 | 13.93 | 10.79 | 10.52 | 8.11 | 8.54 |
IIT Patna | 20.12 | 13.99 | 11.19 | 6.64 | 4.60 | 5.11 | 5.68 |
IIT Indore | 19.30 | 16.45 | 13.19 | 9.93 | 7.59 | 8.65 | 10.49 |
IIT Mandi | 20.63 | 19.50 | 15.53 | 11.54 | 7.65 | 5.91 | 7.38 |
IIT (BHU) Varanasi | 18.17 | 14.79 | 11.04 | 8.19 | 6.26 | 6.49 | 6.91 |
IIT (ISM) Dhanbad | 17.55 | 14.55 | 11.23 | 8.27 | 6.22 | 5.50 | 5.48 |
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To enhance diversity, the 10 per cent EWS reserve quota was introduced in early 2019, but its implementation was staggered.
While the IITs have provided information to NIRF since 2016, there remains ambiguity regarding the definition of the EWS category by both NIRF and the institutions. From the current data analysis, it is apparent that the recent quota was applicable to individuals from upper-caste backgrounds with an annual income of less than Rs 8 lakh.
When it comes to reservation for EWS category students IIT Ropar leads the list by providing more than 40 per cent of its seats to students below specific economic standards. IIT Mandi which in 2016-17 did not facilitate any economically backward education with its quality now ranks as second highest with 22.79 per cent of students from the section.
Have a look at the table below to know the participation of economically backward students in new IITs since 2015.
(%) age Of Students From EWS
Name | 2021-22 | 2020-21 | 2019-20 | 2018-19 | 2017-18 | 2016-17 | 2015-16 |
IIT Ropar | 42.84 | 31.33 | 15.28 | 27.43 | 19.51 | 18.78 | 19.70 |
IIT Bhubaneswar | 8.00 | 20.64 | 16.30 | 34.04 | 12.90 | 25.70 | 28.50 |
IIT Gandhinagar | 5.59 | 5.24 | 11.49 | 5.44 | 18.44 | 7.25 | 9.96 |
IIT Hyderabad | 12.83 | 4.15 | 7.87 | 7.79 | 6.81 | 6.45 | 14.22 |
IIT Jodhpur | 16.56 | 18.17 | 13.58 | 12.74 | 32.18 | 25.28 | 11.21 |
IIT Patna | 13.48 | 13.32 | 15.02 | 14.45 | 15.20 | 38.04 | 13.00 |
IIT Indore | 7.55 | 18.09 | 14.33 | 5.42 | 6.91 | 16.31 | 12.42 |
IIT Mandi | 22.79 | 7.18 | 9.40 | 9.27 | 2.24 | 0.00 | 31.01 |
IIT (BHU) Varanasi | 8.00 | 22.16 | 20.97 | 23.38 | 18.43 | 6.99 | 4.80 |
IIT (ISM) Dhanbad | 9.70 | 8.58 | 9.20 | 15.07 | 4.01 | 48.08 | 37.99 |
On average, all IITs have to reserve 49.5 per cent of their seats reserved for socially backward sections including SCs, STs, and OBCs. All the IITs except IIT Patna fulfil the mandate.
Regarding IIT Jodhpur and IIT-BHU Varanasi, the data from 2016-17 indicates a representation of 1.7 per cent and 86.05 per cent, respectively, for socially backward groups. However, similar to the EWS situation, there are doubts about the accuracy of these percentages due to the reasons mentioned earlier. Here you can see below the percentage of the student population from socially marginalised groups.
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Students From SC, ST, OBC Community (In %)
Name | 2021-22 | 2020-21 | 2019-20 | 2018-19 | 2017-18 | 2016-17 | 2015-16 |
IIT Ropar | 50.61 | 50.68 | 50.95 | 50.70 | 50.57 | 50.61 | 51.61 |
IIT Bhubaneswar | 50.97 | 50.60 | 51.01 | 49.94 | 51.45 | 51.84 | 52.50 |
IIT Gandhinagar | 49.89 | 49.88 | 50.99 | 51.50 | 50.78 | 50.93 | 50.56 |
IIT Hyderabad | 50.63 | 50.38 | 50.48 | 50.39 | 50.62 | 50.29 | 50.56 |
IIT Jodhpur | 49.56 | 49.51 | 49.94 | 49.03 | 51.18 | 1.70 | 49.47 |
IIT Patna | 48.98 | 48.49 | 48.19 | 48.34 | 51.21 | 50.67 | 50.97 |
IIT Indore | 51.71 | 50.82 | 50.76 | 50.68 | 50.41 | 45.84 | 49.25 |
IIT Mandi | 50.29 | 50.29 | 50.27 | 50.73 | 50.56 | 50.59 | 50.63 |
IIT (BHU) Varanasi | 50.97 | 44.91 | 45.00 | 50.88 | 51.50 | 86.05 | 49.91 |
IIT (ISM) Dhanbad | 50.46 | 50.75 | 50.74 | 50.78 | 49.13 | 47.44 | 46.10 |
While admissions IITs unlike NITs do not facilitate any home state quota for its students. Five out of ten colleges have less than 10 per cent of students from their home state. IIT Hyderabad still always has a significant percentage of students from their home state studying in college. But IIT BHU which had more than one-fourth of students from the state in 2015, hardly has even 5 per cent of the home state in 2021-22.
State Domicile Students (In %)
Name | 2021-22 | 2020-21 | 2019-20 | 2018-19 | 2017-18 | 2016-17 | 2015-16 |
IIT Ropar | 8.16 | 8.36 | 7.44 | 7.21 | 7.32 | 7.76 | 8.14 |
IIT Bhubaneswar | 4.77 | 3.97 | 4.05 | 4.03 | 4.05 | 3.52 | 3.45 |
IIT Gandhinagar | 18.84 | 20.24 | 17.83 | 15.74 | 13.75 | 11.13 | 18.05 |
IIT Hyderabad | 38.54 | 39.59 | 40.51 | 40.95 | 39.60 | 48.07 | 50.93 |
IIT Jodhpur | 21.15 | 21.60 | 23.85 | 25.49 | 24.65 | 32.26 | 36.12 |
IIT Patna | 29.94 | 22.70 | 22.78 | 17.30 | 16.22 | 15.05 | 12.86 |
IIT Indore | 16.20 | 13.52 | 16.03 | 16.03 | 16.12 | 15.66 | 15.20 |
IIT Mandi | 2.06 | 2.17 | 1.63 | 1.63 | 1.87 | 1.77 | 1.48 |
IIT (BHU) Varanasi | 4.77 | 25.59 | 25.48 | 24.15 | 25.12 | 24.43 | 25.38 |
IIT (ISM) Dhanbad | 8.05 | 8.28 | 9.38 | 9.04 | 9.66 | 9.53 | 11.35 |
Hardly any participation of foreign students can be seen in IITs. Out of 22 foreign students studying in 10 IITs, 18 belong only to IIT Hyderabad. IIT Mandi has the participation of foreign students in single digits. IIT Gandhinagar with two foreign students is a new addition to the list of IITs with foreign students. None of the remaining IITs have any foreign students. Even IIT-ISM which once had 58 foreign students in 2016-17 has failed in attracting international students to the campus after that.
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