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GATE Biotechnology Syllabus 2025 (BT) - IIT Roorkee has released the GATE 2025 Biotechnology syllabus pdf on the website, gate2025.iitr.ac.in. GATE BT syllabus consists of topics from different sections like General Aptitude, Engineering Mathematics, General Biology, Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Fundamentals of Biological Engineering, Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology etc. GATE Biotechnology syllabus 2025 mostly includes topics from the UG level. Aspirants can download the GATE syllabus pdf on this page. Along with the GATE Biotechnology syllabus, candidates must check the exam pattern to plan their preparation. The GATE 2025 question paper will be prepared based on the syllabus of GATE Biotechnology 2025. The authority will conduct the GATE 2025 exam on February 1, 2, 15 & 16, 2025. Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering will be held for three hours.
Direct link to download the GATE 2025 BT syllabus
GATE 2025: Syllabus | Sample Papers
IIT Roorkee has published the syllabus of GATE Biotechnology on the official website. Candidates can check the detailed GATE 2025 BT syllabus here.
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GATE GA syllabus for Verbal Aptitude |
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GATE GA syllabus for Quantitative Aptitude |
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GATE GA syllabus for Analytical Aptitude |
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GATE GA syllabus for Spatial Aptitude |
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The Engineering Mathematics segment within the GATE Biotechnology syllabus is a shared component across diverse Engineering disciplines within the GATE exam. This section encompasses six main areas: Linear Algebra, Calculus, Differential Equations, Analysis of Complex Variables, Probability and Statistics, and Numerical Methods. These topics are elaborated upon as follows.
Sections | Topics |
Linear Algebra | Matrix algebra, systems of linear equations, consistency and rank, Eigenvalues, and Eigenvectors. |
Calculus | Mean value theorems, theorems of integral calculus, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, multiple integrals, Fourier series, vector identities, line, surface and volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss, and Green’s theorems. |
Differential equations | First-order equation (linear and nonlinear), second-order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations, Initial and boundary value problems, solution of partial differential equations: variable separable method. |
Analysis of complex variables | Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral theorem, integral formula, Taylor’s and Laurent’s series, residue theorem, and solution of integrals. |
Probability and Statistics | Sampling theorems, conditional probability, mean, median, mode, standard deviation, and variance, random variables: discrete and continuous distributions: normal, Poisson, and binomial distributions. |
Numerical Methods | Matrix inversion, solutions of nonlinear algebraic equations, iterative methods for solving differential equations, numerical integration, regression, and correlation analysis. |
The gate biotechnology syllabus within the field of Biotechnology encompasses several significant subjects, including uncompetitive inhibition, competence, immunization, and numerous others. Let's delve into the topics listed in the table below.
Sections | Topics |
Biochemistry | Biomolecules– structure and function, Biological membranes, molecular motors, action potential and transport processes, Basic concepts and regulation of the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids and nucleic acids, photosynthesis, respiration and electron transport chain. Enzymes– Classification, catalytic and regulatory strategies. Enzyme inhibition– competitive, non-competitive and uncompetitive inhibition. |
Microbiology | Bacterial classification and diversity, Microbial Ecology- microbes in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems, Microbial interactions, Viruses- structure and classification, Methods in microbiology, Microbial growth and nutrition, Nitrogen fixation, Microbial diseases and host-pathogen interactions, Antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance. |
Immunology | Innate and adaptive immunity, humoral and cell-mediated immunity, Antibody structure and function, Molecular basis of antibody diversity, T cell, and B cell development, Antigen-antibody reaction, complement, Primary and secondary lymphoid organs, Major histocompatibility complex (MHC), Antigen processing and presentation, Polyclonal and monoclonal antibody, Regulation of immune response, Immune tolerance, hypersensitivity, autoimmunity, Graft versus host reaction, Immunization and vaccines. |
The Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology segment of the GATE Biotechnology syllabus 2025 encompasses a range of topics including Genetic disorders, Molecular structure of genes and chromosomes, Extracellular matrix, and more. Here is the complete GATE BT exam syllabus 2025-
Sections | Topics |
Genetics and Evolutionary Biology | Mendelian inheritance, Gene interaction, Complementation, Linkage, recombination and chromosome mapping, Extrachromosomal inheritance, Microbial genetics– transformation, transduction and conjugation, Horizontal gene transfer and transposable elements, Chromosomal variation, Genetic disorders, Population genetics, Epigenetics, Selection and inheritance, Adaptive and neutral evolution, Genetic drift, Species, and speciation. |
Cell Biology | Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure, cell cycle and cell growth control, Cell-cell communication, Cell signalling, and signal transduction, Post-translational modifications, Protein trafficking, Cell death, and autophagy, and Extracellular matrix. |
Molecular Biology | Molecular structure of genes and chromosomes, Mutations and mutagenesis, Regulation of gene expression, Nucleic acid– replication, transcription, splicing, translation and their regulatory mechanisms, Non-coding and microRNA, RNA interference, DNA damage, and repair. |
The Fundamentals of Biological Engineering section of the GATE Biotechnology syllabus includes topics such as electron balance, Conduction and convective heat transfer, Mixing in bioreactors, Laws of thermodynamics, and more. Let's delve into a comprehensive description of the GATE BT syllabus:
Sections | Topics |
Engineering Principles applied to biological systems | Material and energy balances for reactive and non-reactive systems, recycle, bypass and purge processes, Stoichiometry of growth and product formation, Degree of reduction, electron balance, and theoretical oxygen demand. |
Classical thermodynamics and Bioenergetics | Classical thermodynamics and BioenergeticLaws of thermodynamics, Solution thermodynamics, Phase equilibria, reaction equilibria, Ligand binding, Membrane potential, Energetics of metabolic pathways, oxidation and reduction reactions.s |
Transport Processes | Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, fluid flow– laminar and turbulent, Mixing in bioreactors, mixing time, Molecular diffusion and film theory, Oxygen transfer and uptake in a bioreactor, kLa and its measurement, Conductive and convective heat transfer, LMTD, overall heat transfer coefficient, Heat exchangers. |
The Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology segment within the GATE Biotechnology syllabus for 2025 encompasses crucial subjects including Thiele modulus, Filtration, tuning of controllers, and more. Let's take a look at the significant topics addressed in the GATE BT syllabus:
Section | Topics |
Bioreaction Engineering | Rate law, zero and first-order kinetics, Ideal reactors– batch, mixed flow, and plug flow, Enzyme immobilization, diffusion effects – Thiele modulus, effectiveness factor, Damkoehler number, Kinetics of cell growth, substrate utilization, and product formation, Structured and unstructured models, batch, fed-batch, and continuous processes, Microbial and enzyme reactors, Optimization and scale-up. |
Upstream and Downstream Processing | Media formulation and optimization, Sterilization of air and media, Filtration– membrane filtration, ultrafiltration, Centrifugation – high speed and ultra, Cell disruption, Principles of chromatography– ion exchange, gel filtration, hydrophobic interaction, affinity, GC, HPLC and FPLC, extraction, adsorption, and drying. |
Instrumentation and Process Control | Pressure, temperature, and flow measurement devices, Valves, First-order and second-order systems, Feedback and feedforward control, Types of controllers– proportional, derivative, and integral control, tuning of controllers. |
The Plant, Animal, and Microbial Biotechnology section within the GATE Biotechnology syllabus encompasses a range of subjects, including methodology, Plastid transformation, Culture media composition and growth conditions, Biofuels, antibiotics, and more. Here are the significant topics covered in this section:
Section | Topics |
Plants | Totipotency- Regeneration of plants, Plant growth regulators and elicitors, Tissue culture and cell suspension culture system – methodology, the kinetics of growth and nutrient optimization, Production of secondary metabolites, Hairy root culture, Plant products of industrial importance, Artificial seeds, Somaclonal variation, Protoplast, protoplast fusion – somatic hybrid and cybrid, Transgenic plants– direct and indirect methods of gene transfer techniques, Selection marker and reporter gene, Plastid transformation. |
Animals | Culture media composition and growth conditions, Animal cell and tissue preservation, Anchorage and non-anchorage dependent cell culture, Kinetics of cell growth, Micro macro-carrier culture, Hybridoma technology, Stem cell technology, Animal cloning, Transgenic animals, Knock-out and knock-in animals. |
Microbes | Production of biomass and primary/secondary metabolites – Biofuels, bioplastic, industrial enzymes, antibiotics, Large-scale production and purification of recombinant proteins and metabolites, Clinical-, food- and industrial- microbiology, Screening strategies for new products. |
The Recombinant DNA Technology and Other Tools in Biotechnology segment holds significance within the GATE Syllabus for Biotechnology. It encompasses a range of topics, including DNA library, RAPD, RFLP, Enzymatic assays, Gene prediction, UV, visible, and more. Here are the notable subjects covered in the GATE exam syllabus for Biotechnology's DNA Technology and Other Tools section:
Section | Topics |
Recombinant DNA Technology | Restriction and modification enzymes, Vectors – plasmids, bacteriophage and other viral vectors, cosmids, Ti plasmid, bacterial and yeast artificial chromosomes, Expression vectors, cDNA and genomic DNA library, Gene isolation and cloning, strategies for the production of recombinant proteins, Transposons and gene targeting, |
Molecular tools | Polymerase chain reaction, DNA/RNA labelling and sequencing, Southern and northern blotting, In-situ hybridization, DNA fingerprinting, RAPD, RFLP, Site-directed mutagenesis, Gene transfer technologies, CRISPR-Cas, Biosensing, and biosensors. |
Analytical tools | Principles of microscopy– light, electron, fluorescent and confocal, Principles of spectroscopy– UV, visible, CD, IR, fluorescence, FT-IR, MS, NMR, Electrophoresis, Micro-arrays, Enzymatic assays, Immunoassays– ELISA, RIA, immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, Flow cytometry, Whole-genome, and ChIP-sequencing. |
Computational tools | Bioinformatics resources and search tools, Sequence and structure databases, Sequence analysis– sequence file formats, scoring matrices, alignment, phylogeny, Genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, Gene prediction, Functional annotation, Secondary structure and 3D structure prediction, Knowledge discovery in Biochemical databases, Metagenomics, Metabolic Engineering, and Systems Biology. |
To prepare for GATE 2025 Biotechnology, candidates should focus on subject-specific preparation by using specialized books and practice materials.
The core subjects of the GATE Biotechnology Syllabus 2025 include Plant, Animal, and Microbial Biotechnology; General Biology; Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology; Fundamentals of Biological Engineering; Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology; Recombinant DNA Technology; and other tools in Biotechnology.
The syllabus of GATE Biotechnology 2025 consists of a total of seven sections, including Engineering Mathematics and core Biotechnology-related subjects.
In the GATE Biotechnology 2025 exam, questions carry either 1 mark or 2 marks.
The GATE Biotechnology Syllabus encompasses a range of subjects including Biochemistry, Microbiology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Immunology, Recombinant DNA Technology, Bioprocess Engineering, and more.
Aspirants can find the detailed GATE 2025 Biotechnology syllabus on the official website.
dropping out of a BTech program in the middle can be a problem but you must focus on your future goals and then you can definitely overcome it first you need to prioritise clearing your backlogs and focus on clearing them as soon as possible. You can consult with your college or university and well then prepare for GATE properly. understand the syllabus properly and focus on the core subjects and understand their marks criteria. practice regularly solve previous year question papers of Gates And also possible join a coaching institute. GATE 2025
Hello,
Yes, you can do M.Tech in Data Science after 3-year B.Sc. in Computer Science if you clear GATE exam as GATE now allows 3-year degree holders to apply. Make sure your B.Sc. degree is from a UGC-recognized institution.
Though many universities accept GATE scores for M.Tech admission, some institutes like IITs may prefer candidates with a 4-year degree (B.Tech/BE) or a master's degree (M.Sc./MCA) after B.Sc.
Let's get on with GATE preparation in Computer Science (CS) or any related paper. Scoring high in GATE is a must for getting admission into top institutes. If your desired university requires more qualifications, you could opt for an M.Sc. or MCA first.
Find out the specific eligibility criteria of the universities you are targeting and plan accordingly.
Hello,
You can find the previous years' question papers (from 2007–2023) and sample papers for practice on the GATE official website. These resources are helpful in understanding the format and difficulty level of the exam.
Visit the official GATE 2024 Downloads Page for access.
Hope it helps !
Hello aspirant,
To improve their preparation, candidates should begin studying for the test and work through the GATE Previous Year Question Papers.
Candidates can gain a better understanding of the GATE 2025 syllabus's key themes, the exam's difficulty level, the chapter, and the topic-wise weighting of previous years' exam questions by completing GATE papers.
To get the previous year question papers, you can visit our site through following link:
https://engineering.careers360.com/articles/last-15-years-gate-papers-solutions
Thank you
The real data of students who will give GATE exam is not officially announced once the results are announced it is going to be declared officially
You can check previous statistics of number of students appearing for gate exam below in the link and any update regarding the number will update here
https://engineering.careers360.com/articles/how-many-students-appeared-for-gate-exam
According to last years figures almost 8 lakh students registered for gate exam and only 6.5 lakhs students was appeared for the exam in which 65000 students present for ECE branch.
All the BEST!!
A flight attendant is a professional whose primary duty is to ensure the safety and comfort of passengers during an airline flight. An individual who is pursuing a career as a flight attendant is part of the cabin crew for the plane, a team of personnel who operate a commercial, business, or even military aircraft while travelling domestically or internationally.
An individual pursuing a career as a flight attendant is specially trained for the aircraft in which he or she works since passenger safety is their foremost concern. In this article, we will discuss how to become a flight attendant in India or how to become a flight attendant after graduation.
An aerospace engineer is an individual who develops new ideas and technologies that can be used in defence systems, aviation, and spacecraft. He or she not only designs aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, and missiles but also creates test vehicles to ensure optimum functionality. Aerospace engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with the study, design, and development of aerial vehicles such as aircraft and spacecraft.
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A career in the aviation industry always sounds exciting. But, there is no scope for the slightest error as it may cost the lives of many people. A Flight Engineer role comes with the responsibility of monitoring the aircraft engine and control systems while in flight. Whenever the aircraft is away from the home station, he or she is required to perform pre-flight and post-flight inspections
An aircrew officer or airline commanders fly aircraft to provide transportation to passengers or cargo. The aircrew officer operates the engines of aircraft and controls to navigate and fly the airplane. The ability to learn new technologies every time and to stay up-to-date with the changes in the industry is what the aircrew officer should possess.
This could be possible through membership with professional pilot associations. The aircrew officer is also one of the highest-paid professionals and the job is quite coveted. Keep reading to find out what you need to know about how to become aircrew officer.
You may also read career as Airline Pilot.
An air hostess is a flight attendant also known as a cabin crew or steward. An air hostess undertakes several pre-flight, in-flight, and post-flight duties and is responsible for ensuring the safety and comfort of passengers on both national and international flights. A career as an air hostess might be desirable for you if you are excited about a job in which you can help people and travel to exciting places.
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An Aeronautical Engineer job comes with the responsibility of designing aircraft and thrust systems. He or she is employed in aviation, defence or civil aviation industries. Aeronautical Engineer is generally engaged in the design of aircraft and propulsion systems as well as the analysis of building materials and aircraft's aerodynamic performance. The role of an Aeronautical Engineer may involve assembling parts of aircraft, testing and maintaining them.
A Safety Manager is a professional responsible for employee’s safety at work. He or she plans, implements and oversees the company’s employee safety. A Safety Manager ensures compliance and adherence to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) guidelines.
Are you searching for an 'airline pilot job description'? An airline pilot or airline commander flies aircraft and helicopters to provide transportation to passengers or cargo. The airline pilot operates the engines of the aircraft and controls them to navigate and fly the airplane. The ability to learn new technologies every time and to stay up-to-date with the changes in the industry is what aviators should possess. The career as airline pilot is also one of the highest-paid professionals and the job is quite coveted.
Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues.
A career as Transportation Planner requires technical application of science and technology in engineering, particularly the concepts, equipment and technologies involved in the production of products and services. In fields like land use, infrastructure review, ecological standards and street design, he or she considers issues of health, environment and performance. A Transportation Planner assigns resources for implementing and designing programmes. He or she is responsible for assessing needs, preparing plans and forecasts and compliance with regulations.
Individuals who opt for a career as an environmental engineer are construction professionals who utilise the skills and knowledge of biology, soil science, chemistry and the concept of engineering to design and develop projects that serve as solutions to various environmental problems.
A Safety Manager is a professional responsible for employee’s safety at work. He or she plans, implements and oversees the company’s employee safety. A Safety Manager ensures compliance and adherence to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) guidelines.
A Conservation Architect is a professional responsible for conserving and restoring buildings or monuments having a historic value. He or she applies techniques to document and stabilise the object’s state without any further damage. A Conservation Architect restores the monuments and heritage buildings to bring them back to their original state.
A Structural Engineer designs buildings, bridges, and other related structures. He or she analyzes the structures and makes sure the structures are strong enough to be used by the people. A career as a Structural Engineer requires working in the construction process. It comes under the civil engineering discipline. A Structure Engineer creates structural models with the help of computer-aided design software.
Highway Engineer Job Description: A Highway Engineer is a civil engineer who specialises in planning and building thousands of miles of roads that support connectivity and allow transportation across the country. He or she ensures that traffic management schemes are effectively planned concerning economic sustainability and successful implementation.
Are you searching for a Field Surveyor Job Description? A Field Surveyor is a professional responsible for conducting field surveys for various places or geographical conditions. He or she collects the required data and information as per the instructions given by senior officials.
Individuals who opt for a career as geothermal engineers are the professionals involved in the processing of geothermal energy. The responsibilities of geothermal engineers may vary depending on the workplace location. Those who work in fields design facilities to process and distribute geothermal energy. They oversee the functioning of machinery used in the field.
A geologist attempts to comprehend the historical backdrop of the planet we live on, all the more likely to anticipate the future and clarify current events. He or she analyses the components, deployments, results, physical characteristics, and past of the planet. A geologist examines the landforms and landscapes of the earth in relation to the geology, climatic, and human processes that have shaped them.
A geologist studies earth procedures, for example, seismic tremors, avalanches, floods, and volcanic eruptions to review land and draw up safe structure plans. When he or she researches earth materials, explores metals and minerals, yet in addition search for oil, petroleum gas, water, and strategies to extricate these.
Energy efficiency engineering is a broad field of engineering which deals with energy efficiency, energy services, facility management, plant engineering, and sustainable energy resources. Energy efficiency engineering is one of the most recent engineering disciplines to emerge. The field combines the knowledge and understanding of physics, chemistry, and mathematics, with economic and environmental engineering practices. The main job of individuals who opt for a career as an energy performance engineer is to find the most efficient and sustainable path to operate buildings and manufacturing processes.
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A career as Transportation Planner requires technical application of science and technology in engineering, particularly the concepts, equipment and technologies involved in the production of products and services. In fields like land use, infrastructure review, ecological standards and street design, he or she considers issues of health, environment and performance. A Transportation Planner assigns resources for implementing and designing programmes. He or she is responsible for assessing needs, preparing plans and forecasts and compliance with regulations.
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A career as a Transportation Engineer is someone who takes care of people's safety. He or she is responsible for designing, planning and constructing a safe and secure transportation system. The transportation sector has seen a huge transformation and is growing day by day and improving every day.
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A loco pilot has thorough knowledge and understanding of the railway operations, rules, regulations, protocols, and measures to take in times of emergency. Their role is crucial in ensuring passenger and freight trains' smooth and safe operation. Here, in this article, we will discuss everything on how to how to become a loco pilot.
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