GATE Linguistics Syllabus 2026 (Out) - Download Topics Wise Syllabus PDF

GATE Linguistics Syllabus 2026 (Out) - Download Topics Wise Syllabus PDF

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K Guna SahitiUpdated on 09 Aug 2025, 04:44 PM IST

GATE Linguistics Syllabus 2026 (XH-C3) - IIT Guwahati has published the GATE 2026 Linguistics syllabus online at, gate2026.iitg.ac.in. Aspirants can refer to the same below. The GATE Humanities and Social Sciences (XH) paper has an optional subject of Linguistics. The GATE Linguistics syllabus 2026 comprises topics based on Historical Linguistics, Sociolinguistics, Language and Linguistics, Levels of Grammar and Grammatical Analysis, Methods of Analysis, Applied Linguistics, Areal Typology, Universals and Cross-linguistic Features. Those who choose this subject must prepare using the syllabus of GATE Linguistics 2026. The Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering is an online exam. GATE 2026 will be held on February 7, 8, 14 and 15, 2026.
Direct link to download the GATE 2026 Linguistics Syllabus

GATE Linguistics Syllabus 2026 (Out) - Download Topics Wise Syllabus PDF
GATE Linguistics Syllabus

GATE Linguistics Syllabus 2026 (XH-C3)

Aspirants can check the complete syllabus of GATE 2026 Linguistics as released by IIT Guwahati here.

GATE 2026 Linguistics Syllabus (XH-C3)

Syllabus

Topics

GATE Linguistics syllabus for Language and Linguistics

  • Language spoken, written and signed

  • Description and prescription

  • Language and cultural heritage

  • Language and social identity

  • Language as an object of inquiry – its structure, units and components

  • Design features

  • Writing systems

  • Biological Foundations and Language faculty

  • Linguistic competence and performance

  • Levels of grammar

  • Contrast and complementation

  • Rules - context-dependent and context-free

  • Levels of adequacy for analysis

  • Interdisciplinary approaches

  • Schools of linguistic thought (European, American) and the Indian Grammatical Tradition

GATE Linguistics syllabus for Levels of Grammar and Grammatical Analysis

A. Phonetics and Phonology: Vocal tract anatomy; phonation; articulatory parameters; classification of sounds; gestural theory of speech production; cardinal vowels; secondary and coarticulation; suprasegmentals - length, stress, tone, intonation and juncture; IPA; basic physics of sound and phonation and articulation; acoustic cues for speech sounds; organisation of phones into phonemes; phoneme inventories and cross-linguistic properties; syllable structure and phonological properties; principles of phonological analysis - phonetic similarity, contrastive and complementary distribution, free variation, allophones; linear and non-linear approaches; levels of representation; phonological rules; distinctive features (major class, manner, place, etc.); feature geometry; rule ordering, markedness and unspecified featural values; core principles of lexical phonology, optimality theory, autosegmental phonology and prosodic morphology.

B. Morphology: Concepts of morpheme, morph, allomorph, zero allomorph, conditions on allomorphs; lexeme and word; types of morphemes – structural and functional; affixes vs clitics; grammatical categories; morphological theories – generative, lexicalist, process and distributed morphology; identification of morphemes and parts of speech; alternation; morphophonology; inflection vs. derivation; conjugation and declension; word creation and word formation rules and processes; creativity and productivity, blocking, bracketing paradoxes, constraints on affix ordering; mental lexicon; lexical categories; valency changing operations.

C. Syntax: Basic syntactic units and their types: word, phrase, clause, sentence and their description and generation; grammatical and case relations; key ideas from syntactic theories, Generative Grammars including Minimalist Program, HPSG, Relational Grammar and Lexical Functional Grammar; phrase structure rules (including X-bar theory); universal grammar and cross-linguistic properties; idea of grammaticality judgements; solving the language acquisition problem; diagnostics of structure; syntactic phenomena such as movement, binding, ellipses, case-checking, islands, argument structure etc.; unergatives and unaccusatives.

D. Semantics and Pragmatics: Types of meaning, lexical and compositional; syntax-semantics interface (semantic roles, binding, scope, LF etc.); sense and reference, connotation and denotation, lexical semantic relations (homonymy, hypo/hypernymy, antonymy, synonymy, ambiguity); prototype theory and componential analysis; sentence meaning and truth conditions, contradictions, entailment; basic set theory; propositions, truth values, sentential connectives; arguments, predicates, quantifiers, variables; in/definiteness, mood and modality; language use in context; sentence meaning and utterance meaning; speech acts; deixis; presupposition and implicature: Gricean maxims; information structure; politeness, power and solidarity; discourse analysis.

GATE Linguistics syllabus for Historical Linguistics

  • Neogrammarian laws of phonetic change such as Grimm’s, Verner’s, Grassmann’s Laws

  • Genesis and spread of sound change; split and merger

  • Conditioned vs. unconditioned change

  • Lexical diffusion of sound change

  • Analogical changes and paradigm levelling

  • Relative chronology of different changes

  • Study of sound change in progress

  • Morphosyntactic (syncretism, grammaticalisation and lexicalisation) and semantic change (extension, narrowing, figurative speech)

  • Linguistic reconstruction - external vs. internal: the comparative method; lexicostatistics

  • Language contact and dialect geography – borrowing and impact of borrowing

  • Pidgins and creoles

  • Bi- and multilingualism as the source for borrowing

  • Dialect geography - dialect atlas

  • Isogloss, focal, transition and relic areas.

GATE Linguistics syllabus for Sociolinguistics
  • Micro-and macro approaches to language in society
  • Linguistic repertoire language, dialect, sociolect, idiolect
  • Diglossia
  • Taboo, slang and euphemism
  • Elaborated and restricted codes
  • Speech community and communicative competence
  • Ethnography of speaking; lingua franca
  • Diasporic language
  • Linguistic variables and their co-variation along linguistic/social dimensions
  • Language policies and development (especially in India)
  • Language contact and outcomes (language loss, pidginization and creolization)
  • Code-mixing and code-switching
  • Language movements – state and societal interventions; script development and modifications
  • Linguistic minorities
  • Language ecology and endangerment linguistic vitality, language endangerment (EGIDS scale), parameters of endangerment, documentation and revitalisation.
GATE Linguistics syllabus for Areal Typology, Universals, Cross-linguistic Features
  • Morphological types of languages agglutinative, analytical (isolating), synthetic fusional (inflecting), polysynthetic (incorporating) languages
  • Formal and substantive universals, absolute and statistical universals
  • Implicational and non-implicational universals (Greenberg)
  • Linguistic relatedness—genetic, typological and areal classification of languages
  • Universals and parametric variation
  • Word order typology
  • Salient features of South Asian languages - Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Austro-Asiatic, and Tibeto-Burman language families
  • Linguistic Survey of India
  • Contact induced typological change.
GATE Linguistics syllabus for Methods of Analysis
  • Experimental and non-experimental methods
  • Sampling and tools
  • Identification of variables and their variants
  • Data processing and interpretation
  • Quantitative analysis of data
  • Ethnomethodology
  • Participant observation
  • Field methods and elicitation
  • Document creation
  • Ethics
GATE Linguistics syllabus for Applied Linguistics
  • Psycholinguistics — the study of how humans learn, represent, comprehend, and produce language. Topics include word recognition and storage, sentence production and comprehension, reading, speech perception, language acquisition, neural representation of language, bilingualism, and language disorders.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: What is the GATE 2026 exam date?
A:

GATE exam 2026 will be held on February 7, 8, 14, and 15.

Q: Will GATE 2026 be tough?
A:

As per the past year exam analysis, GATE 2026 is expected to be of a moderate to difficult level.

Q: How can i download Gate linguistics syllabus 2026 pdf?
A:

Candidates can download the Gate Linguistics syllabus 2026 pdf on the official website.

Q: Is the GATE 2026 syllabus released?
A:

Yes, IIT Guwahati has released the syllabus for GATE 2026.

Q: When should I start preparing for GATE 2026?
A:

Aspirants can start their preparation for GATE 2026 as soon as possible. Early preparation will lend you extra time for revision.

Q: Is the GATE syllabus changed every year?
A:

No, But any changes in the GATE syllabus shall be intimated to the students. 

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Yes, you as a Bachelor of Science graduate in home science can appear for the GATE 2026 exam, as the eligibility criteria include graduates from "Science" and other fields, as well as those in the 3rd year or higher of an undergraduate program.

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Hey! The GATE exam (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering) is very important for long-term career growth. It opens opportunities for postgraduate studies (M.Tech, MS, PhD) in top institutes like IITs and NITs and is also used by many public sector companies (PSUs) for recruitment, often with higher salary packages. In the long run, qualifying GATE can enhance your technical knowledge, career prospects, and credibility in the engineering field.

If your GATE application shows failed status even after a successful payment, don’t worry, this usually happens due to server or transaction update delays. First, wait for 24–48 hours as sometimes the status gets updated automatically. If it still shows failed, you should raise a query through the GATE application portal by providing your enrollment ID and payment receipt or transaction details. You can also contact the GATE zonal office via email or helpline with proof of payment. Keeping a screenshot of the payment success message will also help in resolving the issue quickly.

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