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Stress And Strain - Practice Questions & MCQ

Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:34 AM | #JEE Main

Quick Facts

  • Stress and its types is considered one of the most asked concept.

  • 89 Questions around this concept.

Solve by difficulty

The internal restoring force acting per unit area of cross-section of the deform body is called:

The ratio of f radii of two wires of the same material is 2:1. If they are stretched by the same force the ratio of stress is - 

The unit of stress is- 

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A wire elongates by $l \mathrm{~mm}$ when a load $W$ is hanged from it. If the wire goes over a pulley and two weights $W$ each are hung at the two ends, the elongation of the wire will be (in mm )

The maximum load a wire can withstand without breaking when its length is reduced to half of its original length, will

Which of the following is true about normal stress :

Shearing strain is given by 

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If the deforming force produces a change in the shape of the body without changing in its volume, the strain produced is called -

The modulus of rigidity of a liquid is

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The ratio change in length to the original length is defined as -

Concepts Covered - 2

Stress and its types
  • When a force is applied on a body, it is deformed to a small or large extent depending upon the nature of the material of the body and the magnitude of the deforming force.

  • The internal restoring force acting per unit area of the cross-section of the deformed body is called stress and is denoted by σ.

  • - The magnitude of stress, $\sigma=\frac{F}{A}$
    - Unit of stress: $N / m^2$ or Pascal(Pa)
    - Dimension of stress: $\left[M L^{-1} T^{-2}\right]$

  • Types of stress:

  1. Longitudinal stress/ Normal stress: In Longitudinal stress, the force is applied normally to the surface.
  • It is of two types:
  1. Tensile stress: Longitudinal stress produced due to an increase in the length of a body under a deforming force is called tensile stress.

  2. Compressive stress: Longitudinal stress produced due to a decrease in the length of a body under a deforming force is called compressional stress.

             

 Fig: Tensile Stress                                                                      Fig: Compressive Stress

  1. Shearing stress/ tangential stress: if two equal and opposite deforming forces are applied parallel to the cross-sectional area of the cylinder, there is a relative displacement between the opposite faces of the cylinder. The restoring force per unit area developed due to the applied tangential force is known as tangential or shearing stress.

  • In this case, deforming force is applied tangentially to one of the faces.

  • The area for calculation is the area of the face on which force is applied.

  • It produces a change in shape, with volume remaining the same.

                                                                                          

Fig:- Shearing stress

       

  1. Volume stress:  

  • It produces a change in volume and density, shape remaining the same.

  • It occurs in solids, liquids or gases

  • In the case of fluids, only bulk stress can be found.

  • It is equal to a change in pressure because the change in pressure is responsible for change in volume.

Volume stress $=\frac{F}{A}=P$

 

 

Strain and it's types
  • Strain is defined as the ratio of change in configuration to the original configuration.

  • It has no dimensions and units as it is the ratio of two similar kind of physical quantities.

  • Types of strain:-

  1. Longitudinal strain:- If the deforming force produces a change in length alone, the strain produced in the body is called longitudinal strain.

  • If the length increases from its natural length, the longitudinal strain is called tensile strain.

  • If the length decreases from its natural length, the longitudinal strain is called compressive strain. 

Longitudinal strain $=\frac{\Delta L}{L}$

                                     

   Fig: Tensile strain         

                               

                                                                                                                                        Fig: Compressive strain

  1. Shear strain:- If the deforming force produces a change in the shape of the body without changing its volume, strain produced is called shearing strain.

  • It is defined as angle in radians through which a plane perpendicular to the fixed surface of the cubical body gets turned under the effect of   tangential force.                 

                                                                 

                                                   

            Fig:- Shearing strain

Shearing stress $=\frac{\Delta X}{L}$

  • Example:- when a book is pressed with the hand and pushed horizontally.

Fig:- A book subjected to a shearing stress       

  1. Volume Strain:- If the deforming force produces a change in volume alone the strain produced in the body is called                                  volumetric strain.

Fig:- Volumetric strain

Volume strain $=\frac{\Delta V}{V}$

 

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Stress and its types
Strain and it's types

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Books

Reference Books

Stress and its types

Physics Part II Textbook for Class XI

Page No. : 236

Line : 48

Strain and it's types

Physics Part II Textbook for Class XI

Page No. : 236

Line : 65

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