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Thermodynamics - Practice Questions & MCQ
Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:35 AM | #JEE Main
Quick Facts
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15 Questions around this concept.
Solve by difficulty
A liquid when kept inside a thermally insulated closed vessel at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ was mechanically stirred from outside. What will be the correct option for the following thermodynamic parameters?
Thermodynamics mainly deals with
(i) interrelation of various forms of energy and their transformation front one form to another.
(ii) energy changes in the processes which depend only on initial and final states of the microscopic system containing a few molecules.
(iii) how and at what rate these energy transformations are carried out.
(iv) the system in equilibrium state or moving from one equilibrium state to another equilibrium state.
Which of the following statements is correct ?
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Concepts Covered - 1
Thermodynamics
THERMODYNAMICS
Thermodynamics is the branch of science which deals with the quantitative relationships between different forms of energy or it deals with the energy changes accompanying physical and chemical transformations.
Main objectives of Thermodynamics
Its main objectives are as follows:
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To decide the feasibility of a given transformation.
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To derive various energy changes and their interrelations.
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To derive laws like—phase rule, Law of mass action, etc.
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Presentation of experimental data in a correct manner.
Terms Related to Thermodynamics
System
It is the region or space to be investigated or the origin at which study of pressure, temperature etc., are to be made and which is isolated from the rest of the universe with a bounding surface.
Surroundings
It is a region apart from the system which might be in a position to exchange energy and mass with the system.
It is to be noted that the system and surrounding together constitute the universe.
Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Systems
Homogeneous Systems
It is all over uniform that is made of one phase only. For example, pure liquid or pure solid, or pure gas present alone.
Heterogeneous Systems
It is non-uniform as it consists of two or more phases. For Example, ice, and water, solid in contact with a liquid.
Type of Systems
Systems are divided into three parts-
(i) Open System: In such a system, both matter and energy can be exchanged with the surrounding.
Example, Boiling of water in a beaker, Limekiln or ice in an open beaker, Zinc granules reacting with dilute HCI to give hydrogen gas is also an example of open system as hydrogen gas escapes and the heat of reaction is transferred to the surroundings.
(il) Closed System: In such a system, exchange of energy takes place only with the surroundings.
Example, Heating of liquid in a sealed tube or ice in a closed beaker
(iii) Isolated System: In such a system, there is no exchange of matter or energy with the surroundings.
Example, Liquid in a sealed thermos flask or ice m thermos flask.
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