State Functions - Practice Questions & MCQ

Path and state function 
It is the path along which a change of state occurs. It is a path of change of a system from one equilibrium state or another which is usually accompanied by a change in energy or mass. 

Types of Thermodynamic Process

1. Isothermal Process 

Here the temperature is kept constant during each step of the process. Example, 

• It is achieved by using a thermostatic control. 

• Heat can be absorbed or evolved here that is, can be exchanged with the surroundings.

            For example, Freezing, melting, evaporation, condensation.

2. Isobaric Process 

Here the pressure is kept constant  during each step of the process. 

For example, Expansion of gas in an open system.

• Vaporization and heating of water up to its boiling point occur at the same atmospheric pressure.

3. Isochoric Process 

Here volume is kept constant. during each step of the process.

For example, the Heating of substance in a closed vessel (system) or non-expanding chamber. 

4. Adiabatic Process 

• Here no exchange of heat takes place between the system and the surroundings that is, (Q = 0)

• It is achieved by insulating the system or in closed insulated containers (thermos).

5. Cyclic Process 

• Here the System undergoes a series of changes but finally comes back to the initial state.

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