Tangents to Hyperbolas MCQ - Practice Questions & Answers

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Equation of Tangent of Hyperbola in Point Form, Equation of Tangent of Hyperbola in Parametric Form and Slope Form is considered one of the most asked concept.
63 Questions around this concept.

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The tangent at a point P on the hyperbola $\mathrm{\frac{x^2}{a^2}-\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1}$ meets one of the directrices in F. If PF subtends
an angle $\mathrm{\theta }$ at the corresponding focus, then $\mathrm{\theta }$ equals

$\mathrm{\pi / 4}$

$\mathrm{\pi / 2}$

$\mathrm{3\pi / 4}$

$\mathrm{\pi }$

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Tangents are drawn to $\mathrm{3 x^2-2 y^2=6}$ from a point P. If these tangents intersect the coordinate axes at concyclic points, The locus of P is

$\mathrm{\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}=5}$

$\mathrm{x^2-y^2=5}$

$\mathrm{\frac{1}{x^2}-\frac{1}{y^2}=5}$

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Equation of Tangent of Hyperbola in Point Form

Equation of Tangent of Hyperbola in Point Form:

$\\ {\text {The equation of tangent to the hyperbola, } \frac{\mathrm{x}^{2}}{\mathrm{a}^{2}}-\frac{\mathrm{y}^{2}}{\mathrm{b}^{2}}=1 \text { at point }\left(\mathrm{x}_{1}, \mathrm{y}_{1}\right) \text { is }} \\ {\frac{\mathrm{x} \mathrm{x}_{1}}{\mathrm{a}^{2}}-\frac{\mathrm{y} \mathrm{y}_{1}}{\mathrm{b}^{2}}=1}$

$\\ {\text { Differentiating } \frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}}=1 \text { w.r.t. } x, \text { we have }} \\\\ {\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\frac{2 x}{a^{2}}-\frac{2 y}{b^{2}} \frac{d y}{d x}=0}\\\\ {\Rightarrow \quad \;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\frac{d y}{d x}=\frac{b^{2} x}{a^{2} y}} \\\\ {\Rightarrow \quad\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\left(\frac{d y}{d x}\right)_{(x, y)}=\frac{b^{2} x_{1}}{a^{2} y_{1}}} \\\\ \text { Hence, equation of the tangent is } y-y_{1}=\frac{b^{2} x_{1}}{a^{2} y_{1}}\left(x-x_{1}\right) \\\\ \mathrm{or\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\frac{x x_{1}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y y_{1}}{b^{2}}=\frac{x_{1}^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y_{1}^{2}}{b^{2}}}\\\\ \text { But }\left(x_{1}, y_{1}\right) \text { lies on the hyperbola } \Rightarrow \frac{x_{1}^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y_{1}^{2}}{b^{2}}=1$

$\\ {\text { Hence, equation of the tangent is }} \\\\ {\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\frac{x x_{1}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y y_{1}}{b^{2}}=1}\\\\ \text { or } \quad \frac{x x_{1}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y y_{1}}{b^{2}}-1=0 \text { or } T=0\\\\ \text { where } \quad T=\frac{x x_{1}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y y_{1}}{b^{2}}-1$

Note:

T = 0 can be used to get the equation of tangent on the point (x₁, y₁) lying on any general hyperbola as well.

Equation of Tangent of Hyperbola in Parametric Form and Slope Form

Equation of Tangent of Hyperbola in Parametric Form and Slope Form

Parametric Form
$\\ {\text {The equation of tangent to the hyperbola, } \frac{\mathrm{x}^{2}}{\mathrm{a}^{2}}-\frac{\mathrm{y}^{2}}{\mathrm{b}^{2}}=1 \text { at }(\mathrm{a} \sec \theta, \mathrm{b} \tan \theta) \text { is }} \\ {\frac{\mathrm{x}}{\mathrm{a}} \sec \theta-\frac{\mathrm{y}}{\mathrm{b}} \tan \theta=1}$

(This can easily be derived by putting x₁ = a sec $\theta$ and y₁ = b tan $\theta$ in the point form of tangent)

Slope Form

We have studied that if the line y = mx + c is tangent to the hyperbola $\frac{x^2}{a^2}-\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1$ , then c² = a²m² - b². So the equation of tangent is $y=mx\pm\sqrt{a^2m^2-b^2}$ .

These equations are equations of two parallel tangents to hyperbola having slope m.

Study other Related Concepts

Tangents to Hyperbolas Current Topic

Coordinate Axes

Distance Between Two Points Formula

Section Formula & Conic Sections

Centroid, Incentre and Circumcentre and Orthocentre of a Triangle

Excenters of Triangle

Circumcentre and Orthocentre

Incentre

Area of Triangle in Coordinate Geometry

Locus

Transformations of Axes

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