JEE Main 2025 April 2 Exam Analysis: Paper Difficulty Level and Topics

Electric Current - Practice Questions & MCQ

Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:34 AM | #JEE Main

Quick Facts

  • 38 Questions around this concept.

Solve by difficulty

Conventional current will flow from

The average value of a sinusoidal A.C. current over one cycle is

while calculating current passing through a wire which area is taken?

Which of the following are true about current element of a conducting wire-

Direction: In the following question, a statement of Assertion (A)  is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: 

Assertion: Current is a scalar quantity.

Reason: Electric current arises due to the continuous flow of charged particles or ions.

 

 

Direction:  In the following question, a statement of Assertion (A)  is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: 

Assertion: Electric field inside a current carrying wire is zero.

Reason: Current carrying wire has a net charge non-zero on it.

 

 

charge flowing through a wire varies as $q(t)=\frac{t^2}{2}-2 t+4$. find the current flowing for 10 sec .

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Which of the following shows direct current?

Which of the following statements is false?

 

 

 

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In an electric circuit containing a battery, the charge (assumed positive) inside the battery

Concepts Covered - 1

Current

Definition: Electric current is defined as the rate of flow of electric charge through any cross-section.

           

i.e If a charge of $\Delta Q_{\text {flows through an area for time }} \Delta t$ then
1. average electric current through the area is defined as

$
\bar{i}=\frac{\Delta Q}{\Delta t}
$

2. The instantaneous current at any time $t$ is given by

$
i=\lim _{\Delta t \rightarrow 0} \frac{\Delta Q}{\Delta t}=\frac{d Q}{d t}
$


And If the flow is uniform then Current

$
I=\frac{Q}{t}
$


If a current I flows through an area for time $t$ then, total charge flowing is

$
Q=\int I d t
$

  • The direction of current:-

As Current is the rate of flow of charge, Charge can be +ve or -Ve.

 The direction of flow of positive charge is considered as the conventional direction of current .

Or the direction opposite to the direction of flow of negative charge is considered as the conventional direction of the current .

  • current flows through a circuit only if the circuit is closed

For a closed circuit  

  1. Conventional current: Positive terminal to negative terminal

  2. Electron current: Negative terminal to Positive terminal

  •  Current can be added algebraically.

  •  Current is a tensor quantity ( if in options tensor is not given take current as scalar quantity)
  • Unit of Electric Current: The unit of electric current is Ampere or A.

The current is said to be 1 ampere when 1 coulomb of charge flows through any cross-section in every second. 

  • Calculating current in different situation-

  1. When charge is performing translatory motion

  • If n particles each having charge q pass a given area in time t

$i=\frac{n q}{t}$

  1. When charge is performing rotatory motion

If a point charge q is moving in a circle of radius r

With Velocity V (frequency \nu , angular speed \omega and time period T)

Then $i=\frac{q}{t} \Rightarrow \frac{q}{T}=q \nu=\frac{q V}{2 \pi r}=\frac{q w}{2 \pi}$

  • Types of current

  1. Alternating current

  • Magnitude and direction both varies with time.

  • Shows heating effect only.

  • Its  symbol 

  1. Direct current

  • No change in magnitude and direction with time. 

  • Shows heating effect , chemical effect and magnetic effect of current.

  • It's a symbol

 

  • Current independent of Area-

Current does not change with change in cross-sectional area

Here i_1=i_2=i_3

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