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Raoult’s Law - Practice Questions & MCQ
Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:35 AM | #JEE Main
Quick Facts
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28 Questions around this concept.
Solve by difficulty
A solution of two miscible liquids showing negative deviation from Raoult’s law will have ?
Which is correct w.r.t non-ideal solution?
Identify the mixture that shows positive deviations from Raoult's Law
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The incorrect expression for a solution which shows the positive deviation from Raoult's law:
Which of the following is not an ideal solution?
Which of the following solutions will show positive deviation from ideal behaviour?
In the following question: two statements are given one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) as given below:
Assertion (A): Non-ideal solutions form azeotropic mixture.
Reason (R): Maximum boiling azeotropes are formed by a solution showing negative deviation.
Concepts Covered - 2
Non-Ideal Solution Showing Negative Deviation from Raoult's Law
These solutions have vapour pressure less than that predicted by Raoult’s law for the entire range of composition.
This happens when the new solute-solvent interactions are stronger than the interactions in the pure components. Since the newly formed forces are stronger than the existing forces, heat is liberated. Hence, the enthalpy change in the mixing of these solutions is negative i.e
The change in the volume during the mixing process is positive i.e.. For example, if 1 litre solutions each of liquid A and B are mixed, then the solution obtained has a volume lesser than 2 litres.
The entropy of mixing is positive as new interactions are introduced into the solution which increases the randomness of the system and hence, The mixing process is spontaneous and hence
These solutions have vapour pressure greater than that predicted by Raoult’s law.
Examples of solutions showing negative deviation:
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Acetone + Chloroform
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Nitric acid HNO3 + water
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Acetic acid + pyridine
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Phenol + Aniline
Non-Ideal Solution Showing Positive Deviation from Raoult's Law
Solutions showing positive deviation from Raoult’s law
These solutions have vapor pressure greater than that predicted by Raoult’s law for the entire range of composition.
This happens when the new interactions are weaker than the interactions in the pure component (A-B < A-A or B-B interactions). Since the newly formed forces are weaker than the existing forces, heat has to be supplied to break old bonds and form new ones. Hence, the enthalpy change in the mixing of these solutions is positive i.e
The change in the volume during the mixing process is positive i.e. For example if 1 litre solutions each of liquid A and B are mixed, then the solution obtained has a volume greater than 2 litres.
The entropy of mixing is positive as new interactions are introduced into the solution which increases the randomness of the system and hence . The mixing process is spontaneous and hence
These solutions have vapor pressure greater than that predicted by Raoult’s law.
Examples:
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C2H5OH + cyclohexane
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Acetone + carbon disulphide
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Acetone + benzene
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Acetone + Ethyl alcohol
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Carbon tetrachloride + chloroform or Toluene
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Methyl alcohol + water
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Water + Ethyl alcohol
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