VIT - VITEEE 2025
National level exam conducted by VIT University, Vellore | Ranked #11 by NIRF for Engg. | NAAC A++ Accredited | Last Date to Apply: 31st March | NO Further Extensions!
Hard and Soft Water is considered one of the most asked concept.
42 Questions around this concept.
The concentration of fluoride, lead, nitrate, and iron in a water sample from an underground lake was found to be 1 ppm, 40 ppm, 100 ppm, and 0.2 ppm, respectively. This water is unsuitable for drinking due to high concentration of :
The correct description of soft water's properties
While boiling water they form precipitates,what are those?
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Treatment with lime can remove hardness of water caused by
A. $\mathrm{CaCl}_2$
B. $\mathrm{CaSO}_4$
C. $\mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{HCO}_3\right)_2$
D. $\mathrm{CaCO}_3$
Permanent hardness of water can be removed by
(A) Heating
(B) Treating with sodium acetate $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CO}_2 \mathrm{Na}$
(C) Treating with $\mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{HCO}_3\right)_2$
(D) Treatment with sodium hexametaphate $N a_6 P_6 O_{18}$
Given below are two statements :
Statement I: Permutit process is more efficient compared to the synthetic resin method for the softening of water.
Statement II: Synthetic resin method results in the formation of soluble sodium salts.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
The precipitate that formed while removing permanent hardness of water
National level exam conducted by VIT University, Vellore | Ranked #11 by NIRF for Engg. | NAAC A++ Accredited | Last Date to Apply: 31st March | NO Further Extensions!
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Which of the following is Haber's process?
Which of the following compounds is used for water softening?
Calgon is
Water is said to be soft if it produces sufficient lather with the soap and water is described as being hard if it forms an insoluble scum before it forms lather with soap. The hardness of natural water is generally caused by the presence of the bicarbonates and sulphates of calcium and magnesium but in fact all soluble salts that form a scum with soap cause hardness.
Soap will not produce lather with water until all the calcium and magnesium ions have been precipitated. Hard water thus wastes soap. The hardness of water is of two types:
Temporary hardness
Temporary hardness is due to the presence of magnesium and calcium hydrogen carbonates. It can be removed by:
Permanent hardness
It is due to the presence of soluble salts of magnesium and calcium in the form of chlorides and sulphates in water. Permanent hardness is not removed by boiling. It can be removed by the following methods:
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