GATE Humanities and Social Sciences Syllabus 2026 (Out) - Download XH Topic Wise Syllabus

GATE Economics syllabus for Microeconomics

Theory of Consumer Behaviour: Cardinal Approach and Ordinal Approach; Consumer Preferences; Nature of the utility function; Marshallian and Hicksian demand functions; Duality Theorem. Slutsky equation and Comparative Statics. Homogeneous and Homothetic Utility Functions; Euler’s Theorem. The Theory of Revealed Preference: Weak Axiom of Revealed Preference and Strong Axiom of Revealed Preference, Theory of Production and Costs: Short-run and Long-run Analysis, Existence, Uniqueness and Stability of Market Equilibrium: Walrasian and Marshallian Stability Analysis. The Cobweb Model, Decision making under uncertainty and risk. Asymmetric Information: Adverse Selection and Moral Hazard. Theory of Agency costs. The Theory of Search, Non-Cooperative games: Constant sum game, Mixed Strategy & Pure Strategy, Bayesian Nash Equilibrium, SPNE, Perfect Bayesian Equilibria., Theory of Firm: Market Structures — Competitive and Non-competitive equilibria and their efficiency properties. Structure-Conduct-Performance Paradigm, Factor Pricing: Marginal productivity Theory of Distribution in Perfectly Competitive markets; Theory of Employment in Imperfectly Competitive Markets — Monopolistic Exploitation, General Equilibrium Analysis. Welfare Economics: Fundamental Theorems, Social Welfare Function. Efficiency Criteria: ParetoOptimality.

GATE Economics syllabus for Macroeconomics

National Income Accounting: Closed Economy Concepts and Measurement and Open Economy Issues, Determination of output and employment: Classical & Keynesian Framework, Theories of Consumption: Absolute Income Hypothesis, Relative Income Hypothesis, Life Cycle Hypothesis, Permanent Income Hypothesis and Robert Hall’s Random Walk Model; Investment Function Specifications - Dale Jorgenson’s Neoclassical Theory of Capital Accumulation and Tobin’s, Keynesian Stabilization Policies, (Autonomous) Multipliers and Investment Accelerator, Demand and Supply of Money, Components of Money Supply, Liquidity Preference and Liquidity Trap, Money Multiplier, Interest Rate determination, Central Banking, Objectives, Instruments (Direct and Indirect) of Monetary Policy, Prudential Regulation, Quantitative Easing (Unconventional Monetary Policy), Commercial Banking, Non-Banking Financial Institutions, Capital Market and its Regulation, Theories of Inflation and Expectations Augmented Phillips Curve, Real Business Cycles, Adaptive Expectations Hypothesis, Rational Expectation Hypothesis and its critique. Closed Economy IS – LM Model and Mundell Fleming Model: Monetary and Fiscal Policy Efficacy. The Impossible Trinity

GATE Economics syllabus for Statistics, Econometrics and Mathematical Economics

Probability Theory: Concepts of probability, Probability Distributions [Discrete and Continuous], Central Limit Theorem, Index Numbers and Construction of Price Indices, Sampling Methods & Sampling Distribution, Statistical Inferences, Hypothesis Testing, Linear Regression Models and the Gauss Markov Theorem, Heteroscedasticity, Multicollinearity and Autocorrelation, Spurious regressions and Unit roots, Simultaneous Equation Models – recursive and non-recursive. Identification Problems, Differential Calculus and its Applications, Linear Algebra – Matrices, Applications of Cramer’s Rule, Static Optimization Problems and Applications, Input-Output Model, Linear Programming, Difference equations and Differential equations with applications

GATE Economics syllabus for International Economics

Theories of International Trade, International Trade under Imperfect Competition, Gains from Trade, Terms of Trade, Trade Multiplier, Tariff and NonTariff barriers to trade; Dumping and Anti-Dumping Policies, GATT, WTO and Regional Trade Blocks; Trade Policy Issues, Balance of Payments: Composition, Equilibrium and Disequilibrium and Adjustment Mechanisms, Foreign Exchange Market and Arbitrage, Exchange rate determination, IMF & World Bank.

GATE Economics syllabus for Public Economics

Market Failure and Remedial Measures: Asymmetric Information, Public Goods, Externality, Regulation of Market – Collusion and Consumers’ Welfare, Public Revenue: Tax & Non-Tax Revenue, Direct & Indirect Taxes, Progressive and non-Progressive Taxation, Incidence and Effects of Taxation, Public expenditure, Public Debt and its management, Public Budget and Budget Multiplier, Tax Incidence, Fiscal Policy and its implications, Environment as a Public Good, Market Failure and Coase Theorem, Cost-Benefit Analysis

GATE Economics syllabus for Development Economics

Theories of Economic Development: Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Karl Marx, J. Schumpeter, W. Rostow, Balanced & Unbalanced Growth, Big Push Approach, Indicators of Economic Development: HDI, SDGs, MDGs, Poverty and Inequalities – Concepts and Measurement Issues, Social Sector Development: Health, Education, Gender, Fertility, Morbidity, Mortality, Migration, Child Labor, Age Structure, Demographic Dividend, Models of Economic Growth: Harrod-Domar, Solow, Ramsey, Technical progress – Disembodied & Embodied, Endogenous Growth Models

GATE Economics syllabus for Indian Economy

Economic Growth in India: Pattern and Structure, Agriculture, Industry & Services Sector: Pattern & Structure of Growth, Major Challenges, Policy Responses, Rural & Urban Development – Issues, Challenges & Policy Responses, Flow of Foreign Capital, Trade Policies, Infrastructure Development: Physical and Social; Public-Private Partnerships, Reforms in Land, Labour and Capital Markets, Poverty, Inequality & Unemployment, Functioning of Monetary Policy in India, Fiscal Policy in the Indian context: Structure of Receipts and Expenditure, Tax reforms-Goods and Services Tax, Issues of Growth and Equity, Fiscal Federalism, Centre-State Financial Relations and Finance Commissions of India; Sustainability of Deficits and Debt, The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act 2003, Demonetization and aftermath. India’s balance of payments, Composition of India’s Trade, Competitiveness of India’s exports, India’s exchange rate policy

GATE Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Syllabus

GATE 2026 Syllabus for Electrical Engineering

GATE 2026 Syllabus for Biotechnology

GATE 2026 Syllabus for Mechanical Engineering

GATE 2026 Syllabus for Electronics & Communication Engineering

GATE Statistics Syllabus 2026

Language and Linguistics

• Language spoken

• Written and signed

• Description and prescription

• Language and cultural heritage

• Language and social identity

• Language as an object of inquiry – its structure, units and components

• Design features

• Writing systems

• Biological Foundations and language faculty

• Linguistic competence and performance

• Levels of grammar

• Contrast and complementation

• Rules - context-dependent and context-free

• Levels of adequacy for analysis

• Interdisciplinary approaches

• Schools of linguistic thought (European, American) and the Indian Grammatical Tradition

Levels of Grammar and Grammatical Analysis

• 
  Phonetics and Phonology

• Morphology

• Syntax

• Semantics and Pragmatics

• Historical Linguistics

• Sociolinguistics

• Areal Typology, Universals, Cross-linguistic Features

• Methods of analysis

• Applied Linguistics

Classical Indian Philosophy

• 
  Orthodox Systems: Sānkhya

• Heterodox Systems: Cārvāka

• Upaniṣads, Bhagavadgītā, and Dharmaśāstras

• KāṣmiraŚaivism, Śaivasiddhānta, VīraŚaivism, Śāktism and Vaiṣṇavism

Contemporary Indian Philosophy

Vivekananda

Classical and Modern Western Philosophy

• 
  Metaphysics

• Epistemology:

• Ethics

• Social and Political Philosophy

• Logic

Contemporary Western Philosophy

GATE Psychology syllabus for Research Methods and Statistics

• Approaches to Research

• Designing Research

• Nature of Quantitative & Qualitative Research

• Ethics in conducting and reporting research

• Statistics in Psychology

• Correlational Analysis

• Experimental Designs

• Psychometrics

• Biological and Evolutionary Basis of Behaviour

• Perception, Learning, Memory and Forgetting

• Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence and Language

• Personality: Theories of PersonalitySocial Psychology

• Motivation, Emotion and Stress and Coping

• Social Psychology

• Development Across the Life Span

• Applications of Psychology

GATE Sociology syllabus for Sociological Theory

• 
  Classical Sociological Traditions

• Structural-Functionalism and Structuralism

• Hermeneutic and Interpretative Traditions

• Post-Modernism, Post-Structuralism and Post-Colonialism

• Conflict theory

• Indian Thinkers

GATE Sociology syllabus for Research Methodology and Methods

• 
  Conceptualizing Social Reality

• Research Design

• Quantitative and Qualitative Methods

• Research Technique

GATE Sociology syllabus for Sociological Concepts

• 
  Sociological Concepts

• Social Institutions

• Social Stratification

• Social Change

• Agrarian Sociology and Rural Transformation

• Family, Marriage and Kinship; Theoretical Approaches

• Indian Society / Sociology of India

GATE Sociology syllabus for Social Movements

• 
  Introduction to Social Movements

• Theories of Social Movements

• Social Movement in India with specific reference to social basis, leadership, ideology and actions:

• Social Movements, civil society and globalization

GATE Sociology syllabus for Sociology of Development

• 
  Perspectives on the Study of Development

• State and Market

• The Micro-Politics of Development: Transforming Communities

• Sustainable development