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Dipole in Uniform electric field is considered one of the most asked concept.
38 Questions around this concept.
An electric dipole is placed at an angle of 30o to a non- uniform electric field. The dipole will experience
Two identical electric point dipoles have dipole moments $\overrightarrow{p_1}=\hat{p i}$ and $\overrightarrow{p_2}=-p \hat{i}$ and are held on the x-axis at distance 'a' from each other. When released, they move along the $x$-axis with the direction of their dipole moments remaining unchanged. If the mass of each dipole is ' $m$ ', their speed when they are infinitely far apart is :
When an electric dipole $\vec{p}$ is placed in a uniform electric field $\vec{E}$ then at what angle between $\vec{p}$ and $\vec{E}$ the value of torque will be maximum
If a dipole is slightly displaced from its stable equilibrium position then which of the following is true -
An electric dipole placed in a non-uniform electric field can experience
Two electric dipoles of dipole moments $1.2 \times 10^{-30} \mathrm{Cm}$ and $2.4 \times 10^{-30} \mathrm{Cm}$ are placed in two different uniform electric fields of strengths $5 \times 10^4 \mathrm{NC}^{-1}$ and $15 \times 10^4 \mathrm{NC}^{-1}$ respectively. The ratio of maximum torque experienced by the electric dipoles will be $\frac{1}{\mathrm{x}}$. The value of x is______.
The torque acting on an electric dipole placed in an electric field is maximum when the angle between the electric field and the dipole moment is _______.
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Two small spherical balls of mass 10 g each with charges $-2 \mu \mathrm{C}$ and $2 \mu \mathrm{C}$, are attached to two ends of very light rigid rod of length 20 cm . The arrangement is now placed near an infinite nonconducting charge sheet with uniform charge density of $100 \mu \mathrm{C} / \mathrm{m}^2$ such that length of rod makes an angle of $30^{\circ}$ with electric field generated by charge sheet. Net torque acting on the rod is:
(Take $\varepsilon_0: 8.85 \times 10^{-12} \mathrm{C}^2 / \mathrm{Nm}^2$ )
A dipole with two electric charges of $2 \mu \mathrm{C}$ magnitude each, with separation distance $0.5 \mu \mathrm{~m}$, is placed between the plates of a capacitor such that its axis is parallel to an electric field established between the plates when a potential difference of 5 V is applied. Separation between the plates is 0.5 mm . If the dipole is rotated by $30^{\circ}$ from the axis, it tends to realign in the direction due to a torque. The value of torque is :
Net Force-
When a dipole is kept in a uniform electric field. The net force experienced by the dipole is zero as shown in the below figure.
I.e $F_{\text {net }}=0$
Hence dipole will not make any linear motion.
Torque on dipole-
Net torque about the center of dipole is given as $\tau=Q E d \sin \theta$
Using $P=Q d_{\text {we get }} \tau=P E \sin \theta$
So $\vec{\tau}=\vec{P} \times \vec{E}$
- The direction of the torque is normal to the plane containing dipole moment $P$ and electric field $E$ and is governed by right-hand screw rule.
- If Dipole is parallel to E the torque is Zero. I.e $\Theta=0^{\circ} \quad \tau=0$ (This is the position of stable equilibrium of dipole)
Oscillation of dipole -If a dipole experiencing a torque in an electric field is allowed to rotate, then it will rotate to align itself to the Electric field. But when it reaches along the direction of E the torque becomes zero. But due to inertia, it overshoots this equilibrium condition and then starts oscillating about this mean position.
The time period of this oscillation is given as
$
T=2 \pi \sqrt{\frac{I}{P E}}
$
where $\mathrm{I}=$ moment of inertia of dipole about the axis passing through its center and perpendicular to its length.
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