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Phosphine and Phosphorus Chloride - Practice Questions & MCQ
Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:35 AM | #JEE Main
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Phosphine and Phosphorus Chloride is considered one of the most asked concept.
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29 Questions around this concept.
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Hybridisation of phosphorus in PCl3 is
The formal change in the phosphorus in the compound is obtained by the absorption of phosphine in HI.
The hydrolysis product of calcium phosphide is :
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Which gas is used in Holme's signals
Which of the following gas is poisonous with rotten fish smell
The solid $\mathrm{PCl}_5$ exists as
Concepts Covered - 0
Phosphine and Phosphorus Chloride
PHOSPHINE
- Preparation
Phosphine is prepared by the reaction of calcium phosphide with water or dilute HCl.
In the laboratory, it is prepared by heating white phosphorus with concentrated NaOH solution in an inert atmosphere of CO2.
When pure, it is non-inflammable but becomes inflammable owing to the presence of P2H4 or P4 vapours. To purify it from the impurities, it is absorbed in HI to form phosphonium iodide (PH4I) which on treating with KOH gives off phosphine.
- Properties
It is a colourless gas with the rotten fish smell and is highly poisonous. It explodes on contact with traces of oxidising agents like HNO3, Cl2 and Br2 vapours. It is slightly soluble in water. The solution of PH3 in water decomposes in presence of light giving red phosphorus and H2. When absorbed in copper sulphate or mercuric chloride solution, the corresponding phosphides are obtained.
- Uses
The spontaneous combustion of phosphine is technically used in Holme’s signals. Containers containing calcium carbide and calcium phosphide are pierced and thrown in the sea when the gases evolved burn and serve as a signal. It is also used in smoke screens.
PHOSPHORUS TRICHLORIDE
- Preparation
It is obtained by passing dry chlorine over heated white phosphorus.
It can also obtained by the action of thionyl chloride with white phosphorus.
- Properties
It is a colourless oily liquid and hydrolyses in the presence of moisture.
It reacts with organic compounds containing –OH group and replaces it with a -Cl group
PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE
- Preparation
It is obtained by reaction of excess dry chlorine with white phosphorus.
It can also obtained by the reaction of sulphuryl chloride with white phosphorus.
- Properties
It is a colourless oily liquid and hydrolyses in the presence of moisture.
(partial hydrolysis)
(complete hydrolysis)
It reacts with organic compounds containing –OH group and replaces it with a -Cl group
It can convert finely divided metals into their corresponding chlorides on heating
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