JEE Main 2026 April 6 Shift 2 Question Paper with Solutions PDF

Alkali Metals Halides - Practice Questions & MCQ

Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:35 AM | #JEE Main

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Quick Facts

Halides of Alkali Metals is considered one of the most asked concept.
24 Questions around this concept.

Solve by difficulty

What is the oxidation state of oxygen in the major product obtained in the combination of potassium with excess oxygen?

A

Zero

B

$-\frac{1}{2}$

C

-1

D

-2

Concepts Covered - 0

Halides of Alkali Metals

Alkali metals react with halogens to form metal halides, which are ionic in nature.

$2 \mathrm{M}+\mathrm{X}_{2}\: \rightarrow \: \mathrm{MX}+\mathrm{Heat}$

The reactivity order of alkali metals towards halogens is:

$\mathrm{Cs}>\mathrm{Rb}>\mathrm{K}>\mathrm{Na}>\mathrm{Li}$

Ionic nature, solubility in H₂O increases while lattice energy decreases.
For example:

$\mathrm{LiF}<\mathrm{NaF}<\mathrm{KF}<\mathrm{RbF}<\mathrm{CsF}$

$\mathrm{KF}<\mathrm{KCl}<\mathrm{KBr}<\mathrm{KI}$

These halides are colourless, however, on heating, they become coloured due to nonstoichiometry and crystal defects.

NOTE:

LiF is ionic but insoluble in H₂O due to very high lattice energy while LiCl, LiBr, LiI are covalent and hence are less soluble or insoluble as their hydration energy is less than lattice energy.
Other MX are crystalline solids with high melting and boiling points.
Halides of K, Rb, Cs can also form polyhalides. For example:
$\mathrm{KI}+\mathrm{I}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{KI}_{3}$

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