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    Alkali Metals Halides - Practice Questions & MCQ

    Edited By admin | Updated on Sep 18, 2023 18:35 AM | #JEE Main

    Quick Facts

    • Halides of Alkali Metals is considered one of the most asked concept.

    • 24 Questions around this concept.

    Solve by difficulty

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    What is the oxidation state of oxygen in the major product obtained in the combination of potassium with excess oxygen?

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    Halides of Alkali Metals

    Alkali metals react with halogens to form metal halides, which are ionic in nature.

    2 \mathrm{M}+\mathrm{X}_{2}\: \rightarrow \: \mathrm{MX}+\mathrm{Heat}

    The reactivity order of alkali metals towards halogens is:

    \mathrm{Cs}>\mathrm{Rb}>\mathrm{K}>\mathrm{Na}>\mathrm{Li}

    Ionic nature, solubility in H2O increases while lattice energy decreases.
    For example:

    \mathrm{LiF}<\mathrm{NaF}<\mathrm{KF}<\mathrm{RbF}<\mathrm{CsF}

    \mathrm{KF}<\mathrm{KCl}<\mathrm{KBr}<\mathrm{KI}

    These halides are colourless, however, on heating, they become coloured due to nonstoichiometry and crystal defects.

    NOTE: 

    • LiF is ionic but insoluble in H2O due to very high lattice energy while LiCl, LiBr, LiI are covalent and hence are less soluble or insoluble as their hydration energy is less than lattice energy.
    • Other MX are crystalline solids with high melting and boiling points.
    • Halides of K, Rb, Cs can also form polyhalides. For example:
      \mathrm{KI}+\mathrm{I}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{KI}_{3}

    Study other Related Concepts

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