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Mesomeric or Resonance Effect is considered one the most difficult concept.
17 Questions around this concept.
The order of stability of the following carbocations:
is :
The resonance effect is defined as ‘the polarity produced in the molecule by the interaction of two π-bonds or between a π-bond and lone pair of electrons present on an adjacent atom’. The effect is transmitted through the chain. There are two types of resonance or mesomeric effects designated as R or M effects.
The atoms or substituent groups, which represent +R or –R electron displacement effects are as follows :
The presence of alternate single and double bonds in an open-chain or cyclic system is termed as a conjugated system. These systems often show abnormal behaviour. The examples are 1,3- butadiene, aniline and nitrobenzene etc. In such systems, the π-electrons are delocalised and the system develops polarity.
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