GATE 2023 Exam - Dates (Out), Registration, Eligibility, Pattern, Syllabus, Admit Card, Result, Cut Off
Updated on 30th Jul, 2022 by Isha Jain
Application Date 30 Aug, 2022 - 30 Sep, 2022
Latest Update for GATE
- 28 Jul 2022:
GATE 2023 exam date announced.
- 18 Jul 2022:
GATE 2023 registration to start soon.
- 27 May 2022:
COAP 2022 round 2 seat allotment declared.
Stay up-to date with GATE News
About GATE 2023
GATE 2023: IIT Kanpur has announced the GATE 2023 exam dates at gate.iitk.ac.in. The GATE exam 2023 will be conducted for 29 papers on February 4, 5, 11 and 12. The IIT Kanpur GATE registration 2023 will begin on August 30. Candidates will be able to complete GATE 2023 registration till September 30 (Without late fee). However, students can fill the application form with late fee till October 7.
Candidates willing to do MTech from IITs, NITs or other GATE participating institutions will have to apply online for the Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering 2023 before the deadline. Aspirants should check GATE 2023 dates to not miss any events. As per the GATE exam eligibility, candidates in their 3rd year of UG degree are eligible to apply for the exam. Since the competition level is high, candidates should know how to prepare for GATE 2023. Registered candidates will be issued GATE admit card 2023 in online mode.
GATE 2023 Latest News and Updates
The authorities has released the GATE 2023 notification at gate.iitk.ac.in. Students are advised to keep checking this page for GATE 2023 latest news and updates.
- IIT Kanpur have released the GATE information brochure 2023 at the official website gate.iitk.ac.in. The GATE 2022 registration will begin from August 30.
- GATE 2023 exam date is February 4, 5, 11 and 12.
GATE 2023 exam: What's new this year?
- The authorities have revised the GATE 2023 application fees. Female candidates and candidates belonging to SC/ST/PwD category have to pay Rs. 850, while all the other candidates have to pay Rs. 1700 as application fee.
- The number of GATE 2023 exam centres have been reduced from 203 to 176.
- Two new topics have been introduced in Biotechnology paper namely, Recombinant DNA technology and Other Tools in Biotechnology and Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology.
- The authorities have also revised the GATE exam timing 2023. The GATE exam forenoon session will now be conducted from 9:30 AM to 12:30 Noon IST while the afternoon session will be held from 2:30 PM to 5:30 PM.
About GATE exam
The GATE exam full form is the "Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering" which is conducted to shortlist candidates for admission in PG engineering courses. The GATE scores are also taken into consideration during PSU recruitments. GATE exam is conducted jointly by the seven IITs (Bombay, Delhi, Guwahati, Kharagpur, Madras, Roorkee, and Kanpur) and the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore.
Candidates will be able to download the IIT Kanpur GATE 2023 question paper and answer key from February 21. The GATE response sheet 2023 pdf will also be made available in candidate’s login on February 15. Later, aspirants will be able to download the result of GATE 2023 using their enrollment id and password on March 16.
Note that the GATE 2023 scorecard will be released on March 21. GATE 2023 scorecard will be valid for three years after the date of release. There will be no common counselling for IIT Kharagpur GATE 2023. For IIT admissions, the candidates will have to register through COAP. Meanwhile, for NIT admissions, the candidates will have to apply through CCMT. Various PSUs will also open their recruitment process for GATE 2023 qualified candidates.
GATE 2023 Organizing Institute
As GATE is jointly conducted by seven IITs and IISc Bangalore, every year, one of them acts as the organizing institute for the exam. Candidates can check the below table to know the GATE organizing institutes in previous years.
GATE Organizing Institutes: Over the years
Year | Organizing Institute |
2022 | IIT, Kharagpur |
2021 | IIT, Bombay |
2020 | IIT, Delhi |
2019 | IIT, Madras |
2018 | IIT, Guwahati |
2017 | IIT, Roorkee |
2016 | IISc, Bangalore |
2015 | IIT, Kanpur |
2014 | IIT, Kharagpur |
2013 | IIT, Bombay |
2012 | IIT, Delhi |
2011 | IIT, Madras |
2010 | IIT, Guwahati |
Previous Year’s GATE exam statistics
As per the statistics, a total of 7,11,542 had appeared for the GATE exam. Out of total appeared candidates, 1,26,813 candidates are declared as qualified in GATE results. A total of 98,732 male and 28,081 female candidates have qualified the GATE exam.
Also, Check
GATE 2023 Highlights
| Full Exam Name | Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering |
| Short Exam Name | GATE |
| Conducting Body | Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur |
| Frequency of Conduct | Once a year |
| Exam Level | National Level Exam |
| Languages | English |
| Mode of Application | Online |
| Application Fee (General) | 1500 Rs [Online] |
| Mode of Exam | Online |
| Mode of Counselling | Online |
| Participating Colleges | 1060 |
| Exam Duration | 3 Hours |
Download all details about GATE 2023
GATE 2023 Important Dates
Upcoming Dates and Events
30 Aug, 2022 - 30 Sep, 2022
Application | Mode: Online
01 Oct, 2022 - 07 Oct, 2022
Late Fee Application | Mode: Online
04 Nov, 2022 - 11 Nov, 2022
Application Correction | Mode: Online
03 Jan, 2023
Admit Card | Mode: Online
04 Feb, 2023 - 05 Feb, 2023
Exam | Mode: Online
11 Feb, 2023 - 12 Feb, 2023
Exam | Mode: Online
15 Feb, 2023
Response sheet - Start Date | Mode: Online
21 Feb, 2023
Answer Key | Mode: Online
22 Feb, 2023 - 25 Feb, 2023
Answer Key - Answer key challenge date | Mode: Online
16 Mar, 2023
Result | Mode: Online
21 Mar, 2023
Score Card | Mode: Online
Past Dates and Events
27 Jul, 2022
Advertisement | Mode: Online
The authorities have released the GATE 2023 exam eligibility criteria along with the official notification. The GATE eligibility criteria include important parameters that the candidates are expected to meet to be eligible for the entrance exam. These GATE exam eligibility criteria 2023 are set up by the authorities and the candidates are advised to check them before filling out the application form. Various factors such as age, academics, nationality, and more are involved in the eligibility criteria of GATE 2023.
As per the GATE eligibility criteria, candidates in their third year of an undergraduate degree will be eligible for the GATE exam. Also, with the addition of humanities and social science, non-science graduates from arts and commerce can also apply for GATE.
Candidates who have obtained/are pursuing their qualifying degree from countries other than India: Must be currently in the 3rd or higher years or completed their Bachelor’s degree (duration: at least 3 years) in Engineering / Technology / Science / Arts / Commerce.
Nationality : Candidates should be of Indian nationality to apply for GATE. However, candidates from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Singapore, and United Arab Emirates (UAE) will also be eligible to apply.
Age Limit : There is no age limit for GATE exam 2023.
Academic Qualification : No minimum pass percentage has been specified by the authorities for GATE. However, the candidates must meet the criteria related to the qualifying exam as explained below.
GATE Qualifying Exam Details
Currently in the 3rd/4th
year or already
completed
Qualifying Degree | Qualifying Degree / Examination | Description | Year of Qualification not later than |
B.E./ B.Tech./ B.Pharm. | Candidate must be a Bachelor in Engineering/Technology (4 years after 10+2 or 3 years after B.Sc./ Diploma in Engineering / Technology) | Qualified or in pre-final/final year | 2024 |
B.Arch. | Candidate must have completed Bachelor of Architecture (5 years course)/Naval Architecture (4- year course) / Planning (4- year course) | Qualified or in pre-final/final year | 2025 (for 5 year program), 2024 (for 4-year program |
B.Sc. (Research)/ B.S. | Candidate need to have completed a Bachelor of Science degree (Post-Diploma/ 4 years after 10+2) | Qualified or in pre-final/final year | 2024 |
Pharm.D. (after 10+2) | Candidate must have completed 6 years programme having internship or residency training during the sixth year as part of it | Qualified or in pre-final/final year | 2026 |
M.Sc./ M.A./ MCA or equivalent | Candidates need to have Masters in Science, Mathematics, Statistics, Computer Applications, or equivalent | Qualified or in pre-final/final year | 2024 |
Int. M.E./ M.Tech. (Post-B.Sc.) | Candidates should have done Post-BSc Integrated Master’s degree in Engineering or Technology (4 years programme) | Qualified or currently in 2nd/3rd /4th year | Any year |
Int. M.E./ M.Tech. or Dual Degree (after Diploma or 10+2) | Candidates should have completed Integrated Master’s degree programme or Dual Degree in Engineering or Technology (5 years programme) | Qualified or in pre-final/final year | 2025 |
Int. M.Sc./ Int. B.S.-M.S. | Candidates applying must have completed Integrated M.Sc. or 5 years integrated B.S.-M.S. program | Qualified or in pre-final/final year | 2025 |
Professional Society Examinations* (equivalent to B.E/ B.Tech/ B.Arch.) | Candidates need to have completed B.E./ B.Tech./ B.Arch. Equivalent examinations of Professional Societies, recognized by MHRD/UPSC/AICTE (e.g., AMIE by Institution of professional courses Engineers-India, AMICE by the Institute of Civil Engineers-India) | Completed Section A or equivalent professional course | Recognized Upto 31st May 2013* |
| B.Sc. (Agriculture, Horticulture, Forestry) | 4-years program | 2024 |
NOTE: *Candidates who possess certification from any of the professional societies must ensure that those examinations conducted by the societies are approved by MoE/AICTE/UGC/UPSC as equivalent to B.E. / B.Tech. / B.Arch. / B.Planning, etc.
Mode of Application : Online
Mode of Payment : Net Banking | Credit Card | Debit Card
Candidates will be able to access the application form of GATE 2023 exam in online mode from the August 30. The GATE 2023 registration window will be open till September 30. Therefore, interested applicants will have to fill and submit the online GATE application form 2023 before the deadline.
The GATE 2023 registration will be open through the GATE Online Application Process (GOAPS). To participate in the entrance examination, the candidates will have to register for the GATE 2023 exam, fill out the required personal, contact, and academic details, upload scanned documents, and also pay the required application fee.
Steps to fill GATE 2023 Registration Form
How to fill GATE Application Form 2023?
Step 1 - Online Registration: Candidates need to visit the GOAPS portal for GATE registration 2023. Candidates will have to use their name, country of residence, email address, and mobile number for applying to the GATE exam 2023. A password also has to be generated for future log-in. An enrollment number is generated on successful registration.
Step 2 - Filling of GATE 2023 Application Form: Next, the candidates have to provide their valid personal, academic, and communication details. The preferred GATE paper along with two exam centres (one from their zone and the other from another zone) also has to be selected by the candidates.
Step 3 - Uploading of Documents: After the details are filled in, the candidates have to upload their photograph, signature, and category certificate (if applicable) as per the specifications mentioned by the GATE authorities.
Step 4 - Fee Payment: Finally, the candidates have to pay the required application fee of GATE 2023 in online mode (net banking/credit card/debit card).
GATE 2023 Registration Fee
Category | Amount | Late Fees |
Male (General, OBC and Others) | Rs. 1,700 | Rs. 2,200 |
SC/ ST/ PwD | Rs. 850 | Rs. 1,350 |
Female candidates | Rs. 850 | Rs. 1,350 |
International Students (For exam on Indian centres) | Rs 1,500 | Rs. 2,000 |
Steps to fill GATE application form
GATE exam: Combination of two subject papers
Code of the First (Primary) GATE 2023 Paper | Codes of Papers Allowed as The Second GATE Paper | Code of the First (Primary) GATE Paper | Codes of Papers Allowed as The Second GATE Paper |
AE | NM, XE | IN | BM, EC, EE, PH |
AG | ES, GE, XE, XL | MA | CS, GE, PH, ST |
AR | CE, GE | ME | AE, CH, NM, PI, XE |
BM | BT, EC, IN, XL | MN | GE, GG, XE |
BT | BM, XL | MT | PH, XE |
CE | AE, AR, ES, GE, NM, XE | NM | AE, CE, XE |
CH | PE, XE | PE | CH, GG, XE |
CS | EC, GE, MA, PH, ST | PH | EC, GE, GG, IN, MA, MT, ST, XE |
CY | XE, XL | PI | ME, MT, XE |
EC | IN, PH, EE, CS, GE | ST | MA, PH |
EE | EC, IN, PH | TF | XE |
ES | AG, CE, GE | XE | AE, AG, CH, ME, MN, MT, PE, PI, TF, NM |
EY | XL | XH | ST |
GE | CE, GG, ES, MN | XL | BM, BT, CY, EY |
GG | GE, MN, PE, PH, XE | * | * |
GATE 2023 Application Form Correction Facility
The authorities will open the GATE application form correction facility on the official website of GATE (GOAPS). Candidates will have to log in to the website and make necessary corrections in the application form. They can make changes like category, gender, exam paper, and city. If any of the GATE 2023 registered candidates want to change the choice of exam city, no fee is required. For any other changes, additional charges were applicable for GATE 2023.
How to edit GATE Application Form 2023?
Candidates can check the steps below to know how to make changes in the GATE 2023 Application Form,
Go to the GOAPS website
Login to the website by using email ID/enrollment number and password.
Now, you can make necessary changes by paying the required fee- gender, category, exam paper & city.
Click on the Submit button.
Application Fees
| Category | Quota | Mode | Gender | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SC, ST, General, OBC | PWD | Online | Female, Male, Transgender | ₹ 750 |
| General, OBC | Online | Male, Transgender | ₹ 1500 | |
| SC, ST | Online | Male, Transgender | ₹ 750 | |
| General, SC, ST, OBC | Online | Female | ₹ 750 |
GATE Aerospace Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Vector algebra, matrix algebra, systems of linear equations, rank of a matrix, eigen values and eigen vectors |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Functions of single variable, limits, continuity and differentiability, mean value theorem, chain rule, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, gradient, divergence and curl, directional derivatives |
| Integration, line, surface, and volume integrals |
| Theorems of Stokes, Gauss, and Green |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Differential equations |
|---|
| First order linear and nonlinear differential equations, higher order linear ODEs with constant coefficients |
| Partial differential equations and separation of variables methods |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Fourier series |
|---|
Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
Laplace transforms |
|---|
Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
Numerical methods for linear and nonlinear algebraic equations |
|---|
Engineering mathematics: Unit 07
Numerical integration and differentiation |
|---|
Engineering mathematics: Unit 08
Complex analysis |
|---|
Engineering mathematics: Unit 09
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
Flight mechanics
Flight mechanics: Unit 01
Basics |
|---|
| Atmosphere: Properties, standard atmosphere. Classification of aircraft. Airplane (fixed wing aircraft) configuration and various parts |
| Pressure altitude; equivalent, calibrated, indicated air speeds; primary flight instruments: Altimeter, ASI, VSI, turn-bank indicator |
| Angle of attack, sideslip; roll, pitch and yaw controls |
| Aerodynamic forces and moments |
Flight mechanics: Unit 02
Airplane performance |
|---|
| Drag polar; takeoff and landing; steady climb and descent; absolute and service ceiling; range and endurance, load factor, turning flight, V-N diagram |
| Winds: Head, tail, and cross winds |
Flight mechanics: Unit 03
Static stability |
|---|
| Stability and control derivatives; longitudinal stick fixed and free stability; horizontal tail position and size; directional stability, vertical tail position, and size; lateral stability |
| Wing dihedral, sweep, and position; hinge moments, stick forces |
Flight mechanics: Unit 04
Dynamic stability |
|---|
| Euler angles; equations of motion; decoupling of longitudinal and lateral-directional dynamics; longitudinal modes; lateral-directional modes |
Space dynamics
Space dynamics: Unit 01
Central force motion |
|---|
Space dynamics: Unit 02
Determination of trajectory and orbital period in simple cases |
|---|
Space dynamics: Unit 03
Kepler's laws |
|---|
Space dynamics: Unit 04
Escape velocity |
|---|
Aerodynamics
Aerodynamics: Unit 01
Basic fluid mechanics |
|---|
| Conservation laws: Mass, momentum, and energy (integral and differential form); dimensional analysis and dynamic similarity; potential flow theory: Sources, sinks, doublets, line vortex, and their superposition |
| Elementary ideas of viscous flows including boundary layers |
Aerodynamics: Unit 02
Airfoils and wings |
|---|
| Airfoil nomenclature; aerodynamic coefficients: lift, drag, and moment; Kutta-Joukowski theorem; thin airfoil theory, Kutta condition, starting vortex; finite wing theory: Induced drag, Prandtl lifting line theory; critical and drag divergence mach number |
Aerodynamics: Unit 03
Compressible flows |
|---|
| Basic concepts of compressibility, one-dimensional compressible flows, isentropic flows, fanno flow, Rayleigh flow; normal and oblique shocks, Prandtl-Meyer flow; flow through nozzles and diffusers |
Aerodynamics: Unit 04
Wind tunnel testing |
|---|
| Measurement and visualization techniques |
| Shock-boundary layer interaction |
Structures
Structures: Unit 01
Strength of materials |
|---|
| Stress and strain: Three-dimensional transformations, Mohr's circle, principal stresses, three-dimensional Hooke's law, plane stress and strain |
| Failure theories: Maximum stress, Tresca and Von Mises |
| Strain energy |
| Castigliano's principles |
| Statically determinate and indeterminate trusses, and beams |
| Elastic flexural buckling of columns |
Structures: Unit 02
Flight vehicle structures |
|---|
| Characteristics of aircraft structures and materials |
| Torsion, bending, and shear of thin-walled sections |
| Loads on aircraft |
Structures: Unit 03
Structural dynamics |
|---|
| Free and forced vibrations of undamped and damped SDOF systems |
| Free vibrations of undamped 2-DOF systems |
Structures: Unit 04
Vibration of beams |
|---|
Structures: Unit 05
Theory of elasticity |
|---|
| Equilibrium and compatibility equations, Airy's stress function |
Propulsion
Propulsion: Unit 01
Basics |
|---|
| Thermodynamics, boundary layers, heat transfer, combustion and thermochemistry |
Propulsion: Unit 02
Aerothermodynamics of aircraft engines |
|---|
| Thrust, efficiency, range |
| Brayton cycle |
| Engine performance: Ramjet, turbojet, turbofan, turboprop, and turboshaft engines |
| Afterburners |
Propulsion: Unit 03
Turbo machinery |
|---|
| Axial compressors: Angular momentum, work, and compression, characteristic performance of a single axial compressor stage, efficiency of the compressor and degree of reaction, multi-staging |
| Centrifugal compressor: Stage dynamics, inducer, impeller, and diffuser |
| Axial turbines: Stage performance |
Propulsion: Unit 04
Rockets |
|---|
| Thrust equation and specific impulse, rocket performance |
| Multi-staging |
| Chemical rockets |
| Performance of solid and liquid propellant rockets |
Propulsion: Unit 05
Aerothermodynamics of non-rotating propulsion components such as intakes, combustor, and nozzle |
|---|
Propulsion: Unit 06
Turbine blade cooling |
|---|
Propulsion: Unit 07
Compressor-turbine matching |
|---|
Propulsion: Unit 08
Surge and stall |
|---|
GATE Agricultural Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Matrices and determinants, linear and orthogonal transformations, Cayley-Hamilton theorem; eigen values and eigen vectors, solutions of linear equations |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Limit, continuity, and differentiability; partial derivatives; homogeneous function-Euler's theorem on homogeneous functions, total differentiation; maxima and minima of function with several independent variables; sequences and series-infinite series |
| Tests for convergence; Fourier, Taylor, and Maclaurin series |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Vector calculus |
|---|
| Vector differentiation, scalar and vector point functions, vector differential operators-del, gradient; divergence and curl; physical interpretations-line, surface and volume integrals; Stokes, Gauss, and Green's theorems |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Differential equations |
|---|
| Linear and non-linear first order ordinary differential equations (ODE); homogeneous differential equations, higher order linear ODEs with constant coefficients; Laplace transforms and their inverse; partial differential equations |
| Laplace, heat and wave equations |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Mean, median, mode, and standard deviation; random variables; Poisson, normal and binomial distributions; correlation and regression analysis |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
Numerical methods |
|---|
| Solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations; numerical integration-trapezoidal and Simpson's rule; numerical solutions of ODEs |
Farm machinery
Farm machinery: Unit 01
Machine design |
|---|
| Design and selection of machine elements-gears, pulleys, chains and sprockets, and belts; overload safety devices used in farm machinery; measurement of force, stress, torque, speed, displacement and acceleration on machine elements-shafts, couplings |
| Keys, bearings, and knuckle joints |
Farm machinery: Unit 02
Farm machinery |
|---|
| Soil tillage; forces acting on a tillage tool; hitch systems and hitching of tillage implements; functional requirements, principles of working, construction and operation of manual, animal, and power operated equipment for tillage, sowing, planting |
| Fertilizer application, inter-cultivation, spraying, mowing, chaff cutting, harvesting and threshing calculation of performance parameters-field capacity, efficiency |
| Application rate and losses; cost analysis of implements and tractors |
Farm power
Farm power: Unit 01
Sources of power |
|---|
| Sources of power on the farm-human, animal, mechanical, electrical, wind, solar and biomass; biofuels |
Farm power: Unit 02
Farm power |
|---|
| Thermodynamic principles of IC engines; IC engine cycles; engine components; fuels and combustion; lubricants and their properties; IC engine systems-fuel, cooling, lubrication, ignition, electrical, intake and exhaust; selection, operation |
| Maintenance and repair of IC engines; power efficiencies and measurement; calculation of power, torque, fuel consumption, heat load and power losses; performance index, cost analysis of implements and tractors |
Farm power: Unit 03
Tractors and power tillers |
|---|
| Type, selection, maintenance and repair of tractors, and power tillers; tractor clutches and brakes; power transmission systems-gear trains, differential, final drives and power take-off; mechanics of tractor chassis; traction theory; three point hitches |
| Free link and restrained link operations; steering and hydraulic control systems used in tractors; tractor tests and performance; human engineering and safety considerations in design of tractor, and agricultural implements |
Soil and water conservation engineering
Soil and water conservation engineering: Unit 01
Fluid mechanics |
|---|
| Ideal and real fluids, properties of fluids; hydrostatic pressure and its measurement; continuity equation, kinematics, and dynamics of flow; Bernoulli's theorem; laminar and turbulent flow in pipes, Darcy-Weisbach and Hazen-Williams equations |
| Moody's diagram; flow through orifices, weirs and notches; flow in open channels, dimensional analysis-concepts of geometric dimensionless numbers |
Soil and water conservation engineering: Unit 02
Soil mechanics |
|---|
| Engineering properties of soils; fundamental definitions and relationships; index properties of soils; permeability and seepage analysis; shear strength, Mohr's circle of stress, active and passive earth pressures; stability of slopes |
| Terzaghi's one dimensional soil consolidation theory |
Soil and water conservation engineering: Unit 03
Hydrology |
|---|
| Hydrological cycle and measurement of its components; meteorological parameters and their measurement; analysis of precipitation data; runoff estimation; hydrograph analysis, unit hydrograph theory and application; stream flow measurement; flood routing |
| Hydrological reservoir and channel routing, infiltration-indices and equations, drought and its classification |
Soil and water conservation engineering: Unit 04
Surveying and leveling |
|---|
| Measurement of distance and area; instruments for surveying and leveling; chain surveying, methods of traversing; measurement of angles and bearings, plane table surveying; types of leveling; theodolite traversing; contouring; total station |
| Introduction to GPS survey, computation of areas and volume |
Soil and water conservation engineering: Unit 05
Soil and water erosion |
|---|
| Mechanics of soil erosion-wind and water erosion: Soil erosion types, factors affecting erosion; soil loss estimation; biological and engineering measures to control erosion; terraces and bunds; vegetative waterways; gully control structures, drop |
| Drop inlet and chute spillways; earthen dams |
Soil and water conservation engineering: Unit 06
Watershed management |
|---|
| Watershed characterization and land use capability classification; water budgeting in watershed, rainwater harvesting, check dams and farm ponds |
Irrigation and drainage engineering
Irrigation and drainage engineering: Unit 01
Soil-water-plant relationship |
|---|
| Water requirement of crops; consumptive use and evapotranspiration; measurement of infiltration, soil moisture, and irrigation water infiltration |
Irrigation and drainage engineering: Unit 02
Irrigation water conveyance and application methods |
|---|
| Design of irrigation channels and underground pipelines; irrigation scheduling; surface, sprinkler and micro irrigation methods, design and evaluation of irrigation methods; irrigation efficiencies |
Irrigation and drainage engineering: Unit 03
Agricultural drainage |
|---|
| Drainage coefficient; planning, design and layout of surface and sub-surface drainage systems; leaching requirement and salinity control; irrigation and drainage water quality and reuse; non-conventional drainage system |
Irrigation and drainage engineering: Unit 04
Groundwater hydrology |
|---|
| Groundwater occurrence; Darcy's law, steady and unsteady flow in confined and unconfined aquifers, groundwater exploration techniques; overview of groundwater recharge estimation and artificial recharge techniques |
Irrigation and drainage engineering: Unit 05
Wells and pumps |
|---|
| Types of wells, steady flow through wells; design and construction of water wells; classification of pumps; pump characteristics; pump selection and installation |
Agricultural process engineering
Agricultural process engineering: Unit 01
Engineering properties of agriculture produce |
|---|
| Physical, thermal, frictional, rheological, and electrical properties |
Agricultural process engineering: Unit 02
Evaporation and drying |
|---|
| Concentration and drying of liquid foods-evaporators, tray, drum, and spray dryers; hydrothermal treatments; drying and milling of cereals, pulses and oilseeds; drying kinetics; psychrometry-properties of air-water vapor mixture |
Agricultural process engineering: Unit 03
Size reduction and material handling |
|---|
| Mechanics and energy requirement in size reduction of agriculture produce; particle size analysis for comminuted solids; size separation by screening; fluidization of granular solids-pneumatic, bucket, screw and belt conveying; cleaning and grading |
| Effectiveness of separation; centrifugal separation of solids, liquids and gases; homogenization; filtration and membrane separation |
Agricultural process engineering: Unit 04
Processing of agriculture produce |
|---|
| Processing of seeds, spices, fruits, and vegetables; value addition of agriculture produce |
Agricultural process engineering: Unit 05
Storage systems |
|---|
| Controlled and modified atmosphere storage; perishable food storage, godowns, bins and grain silos, packaging material and machines |
Dairy and food engineering
Dairy and food engineering: Unit 01
Heat and mass transfer |
|---|
| Steady state heat transfer in conduction, convection and radiation; transient heat transfer in simple geometry; working principles of heat exchangers; diffusive and convective mass transfer |
| Simultaneous heat and mass transfer in agricultural processing operations; material and energy balances in food processing systems; water activity, sorption and desorption isotherms |
Dairy and food engineering: Unit 02
Preservation of food |
|---|
| Kinetics of microbial death-pasteurization and sterilization of milk, and other liquid foods; preservation of food by cooling and freezing; refrigeration and cold storage basics, and applications |
GATE Architecture and Planning Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Architecture, planning, and design
Architecture, planning, and design: Unit 01
Architectural graphics |
|---|
Architecture, planning, and design: Unit 02
Visual composition in 2D and 3D |
|---|
Architecture, planning, and design: Unit 03
Computer application in architecture and planning |
|---|
Architecture, planning, and design: Unit 04
Anthropometrics |
|---|
Architecture, planning, and design: Unit 05
Organization of space |
|---|
Architecture, planning, and design: Unit 06
Circulation-horizontal and vertical |
|---|
Architecture, planning, and design: Unit 07
Space standards |
|---|
Architecture, planning, and design: Unit 08
Universal design |
|---|
Architecture, planning, and design: Unit 09
Building byelaws |
|---|
Architecture, planning, and design: Unit 10
Codes and standards |
|---|
Construction and management
Construction and management: Unit 01
Project management techniques example PERT, CPM, etc |
|---|
Construction and management: Unit 02
Estimation and specification |
|---|
Construction and management: Unit 03
Professional practice and ethics |
|---|
Construction and management: Unit 04
Form and structure |
|---|
Construction and management: Unit 05
Principles and design of disaster resistant structures |
|---|
Construction and management: Unit 06
Temporary structures for rehabilitation |
|---|
Environmental planning and design
Environmental planning and design: Unit 01
Natural and man-made ecosystem |
|---|
Environmental planning and design: Unit 02
Ecological principles |
|---|
Environmental planning and design: Unit 03
Environmental considerations in planning and design |
|---|
Environmental planning and design: Unit 04
Environmental pollution-types, causes, controls, and abatement strategies |
|---|
Environmental planning and design: Unit 05
Sustainable development, goals, and strategies |
|---|
Environmental planning and design: Unit 06
Climate change and built environment |
|---|
Environmental planning and design: Unit 07
Climate responsive design |
|---|
Urban design, landscape, and conservation
Urban design, landscape, and conservation: Unit 01
Historical and modern examples of urban design |
|---|
Urban design, landscape, and conservation: Unit 02
Elements of urban built environment-urban form, spaces, structure, pattern, fabric, texture, grain etc |
|---|
Urban design, landscape, and conservation: Unit 03
Concepts and theories of urban design |
|---|
Urban design, landscape, and conservation: Unit 04
Principles, tools, and techniques of urban design |
|---|
Urban design, landscape, and conservation: Unit 05
Public spaces, character, spatial qualities, and sense of place |
|---|
Urban design, landscape, and conservation: Unit 06
Urban design interventions for sustainable development and transportation |
|---|
Urban design, landscape, and conservation: Unit 07
Development controls-FAR, densities, and building byelaws |
|---|
Urban design, landscape, and conservation: Unit 08
Urban renewal and conservation |
|---|
Urban design, landscape, and conservation: Unit 09
Heritage conservation |
|---|
Urban design, landscape, and conservation: Unit 10
Historical public spaces and gardens |
|---|
Urban design, landscape, and conservation: Unit 11
Landscape design |
|---|
Urban design, landscape, and conservation: Unit 12
Site planning |
|---|
Planning process
Planning process: Unit 01
Salient concepts |
|---|
Planning process: Unit 02
Theories and principles of urban planning |
|---|
Planning process: Unit 03
Concepts of cities-eco-city, smart city |
|---|
Planning process: Unit 04
Concepts and theories by trendsetting planners, and designers |
|---|
Planning process: Unit 05
Ekistics |
|---|
Planning process: Unit 06
Urban sociology |
|---|
Planning process: Unit 07
Social, economic, and environmental cost benefit analysis |
|---|
Planning process: Unit 08
Methods of non-spatial and spatial data analysis |
|---|
Planning process: Unit 09
Development guidelines such as URDPFI |
|---|
Housing
Housing: Unit 01
Housing typologies |
|---|
Housing: Unit 02
Concepts, principles, and examples of neighbourhood |
|---|
Housing: Unit 03
Residential densities |
|---|
Housing: Unit 04
Affordable housing |
|---|
Housing: Unit 05
Real estate valuation |
|---|
Services and infrastructure
Services and infrastructure: Unit 01
Firefighting systems |
|---|
Services and infrastructure: Unit 02
Building safety and security systems |
|---|
Services and infrastructure: Unit 03
Building management systems |
|---|
Services and infrastructure: Unit 04
Water treatment |
|---|
Services and infrastructure: Unit 05
Water supply and distribution system |
|---|
Services and infrastructure: Unit 06
Water harvesting systems |
|---|
Services and infrastructure: Unit 07
Principles, planning, and design of storm water drainage system |
|---|
Services and infrastructure: Unit 08
Sewage disposal methods |
|---|
Services and infrastructure: Unit 09
Methods of solid waste management-collection, transportation, and disposal |
|---|
Services and infrastructure: Unit 10
Recycling and reuse of solid waste |
|---|
Services and infrastructure: Unit 11
Land use-transportation, urban form inter relationships |
|---|
Services and infrastructure: Unit 12
Design of roads, intersections, grade separators, and parking areas |
|---|
Services and infrastructure: Unit 13
Hierarchy of roads and level of service |
|---|
Services and infrastructure: Unit 14
Para-transits and other modes of transportation |
|---|
Services and infrastructure: Unit 15
Pedestrian and slow moving traffic planning |
|---|
History and contemporary architecture
History and contemporary architecture: Unit 01
Principles of art and architecture |
|---|
History and contemporary architecture: Unit 02
World history of architecture |
|---|
| Egyptian, Greco-Roman classical period, Byzantine, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque-Rococo, etc |
History and contemporary architecture: Unit 03
Recent trends in contemporary architecture |
|---|
| Art nouveau, art Deco, eclecticism, international styles, post modernism, deconstruction in architecture, etc |
History and contemporary architecture: Unit 04
Influence of modern art and design in architecture |
|---|
History and contemporary architecture: Unit 05
Indian vernacular and traditional architecture |
|---|
History and contemporary architecture: Unit 06
Oriental architecture |
|---|
History and contemporary architecture: Unit 07
Works of renowned national and international architects |
|---|
Building construction and structural systems
Building construction and structural systems: Unit 01
Building construction techniques, methods, and details |
|---|
Building construction and structural systems: Unit 02
Building systems and prefabrication of building elements |
|---|
Building construction and structural systems: Unit 03
Principles of modular coordination |
|---|
Building construction and structural systems: Unit 04
Construction planning and equipment |
|---|
Building construction and structural systems: Unit 05
Building material characteristics and applications |
|---|
Building construction and structural systems: Unit 06
Principles of strength of materials |
|---|
Building construction and structural systems: Unit 07
Alternative building materials |
|---|
Building construction and structural systems: Unit 08
Foundations |
|---|
Building construction and structural systems: Unit 09
Design of structural elements with different materials |
|---|
Building construction and structural systems: Unit 10
Elastic and limit state design |
|---|
Building construction and structural systems: Unit 11
Structural systems |
|---|
Building construction and structural systems: Unit 12
Principles of pre-stressing |
|---|
Building construction and structural systems: Unit 13
High rise and long span structures |
|---|
Building construction and structural systems: Unit 14
Gravity and lateral load resisting systems |
|---|
Building services and sustainability
Building services and sustainability: Unit 01
Solar architecture |
|---|
Building services and sustainability: Unit 02
Thermal, visual, and acoustic comfort in built environments |
|---|
Building services and sustainability: Unit 03
Natural and mechanical ventilation in buildings |
|---|
Building services and sustainability: Unit 04
Air-conditioning systems |
|---|
Building services and sustainability: Unit 05
Sustainable building strategies |
|---|
Building services and sustainability: Unit 06
Building performance simulation and evaluation |
|---|
Building services and sustainability: Unit 07
Intelligent buildings |
|---|
Building services and sustainability: Unit 08
Water supply |
|---|
Building services and sustainability: Unit 09
Sewerage and drainage systems |
|---|
Building services and sustainability: Unit 10
Sanitary fittings and fixtures |
|---|
Building services and sustainability: Unit 11
Plumbing systems |
|---|
Building services and sustainability: Unit 12
Principles of internal and external drainage system |
|---|
Building services and sustainability: Unit 13
Principles of electrification of buildings |
|---|
Building services and sustainability: Unit 14
Elevators and escalators-standards and uses |
|---|
Regional and settlement planning
Regional and settlement planning: Unit 01
Regional delineation |
|---|
Regional and settlement planning: Unit 02
Settlement hierarchy |
|---|
Regional and settlement planning: Unit 03
Types and hierarchy of plans |
|---|
Regional and settlement planning: Unit 04
Various schemes and programs of central government |
|---|
Regional and settlement planning: Unit 05
Transit oriented development (TOD), SEZ, SRZ etc |
|---|
Regional and settlement planning: Unit 06
Public perception and user behaviour |
|---|
Regional and settlement planning: Unit 07
National housing policies, programs, and schemes |
|---|
Regional and settlement planning: Unit 08
Slums, squatters, and informal housing |
|---|
Regional and settlement planning: Unit 09
Standards for housing and community facilities |
|---|
Regional and settlement planning: Unit 10
Housing for special areas and needs |
|---|
Planning techniques and management
Planning techniques and management: Unit 01
Application of GIS and remote sensing techniques in urban, and regional planning |
|---|
Planning techniques and management: Unit 02
Tools and techniques of surveys-physical, topographical, land use, and socio-economic surveys |
|---|
Planning techniques and management: Unit 03
Urban economics |
|---|
Planning techniques and management: Unit 04
Law of demand and supply of land and its use in planning |
|---|
Planning techniques and management: Unit 05
Graphic presentation of spatial data |
|---|
Planning techniques and management: Unit 06
Local self-governance |
|---|
Planning techniques and management: Unit 07
Panchayati raj institutions |
|---|
Planning techniques and management: Unit 08
Planning legislation and implementation-land acquisition act, PPP, etc |
|---|
Planning techniques and management: Unit 09
Decision support system and land information system |
|---|
Planning techniques and management: Unit 10
Urban geography and econometrics |
|---|
Planning techniques and management: Unit 11
Management of infrastructure projects |
|---|
Planning techniques and management: Unit 12
Demography and equity in planning |
|---|
Infrastructure planning
Infrastructure planning: Unit 01
Process and principles of transportation planning, and traffic engineering |
|---|
Infrastructure planning: Unit 02
Road capacity and travel demand forecasting |
|---|
Infrastructure planning: Unit 03
Traffic survey methods |
|---|
Infrastructure planning: Unit 04
Traffic flow analysis |
|---|
Infrastructure planning: Unit 05
Traffic analyses and design considerations |
|---|
Infrastructure planning: Unit 06
Traffic and transport management, and control in urban areas |
|---|
Infrastructure planning: Unit 07
Mass transportation planning |
|---|
Infrastructure planning: Unit 08
Intelligent transportation systems |
|---|
Infrastructure planning: Unit 09
Urban and rural infrastructure system network |
|---|
GATE Biotechnology Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Matrices and determinants; systems of linear equations; eigen values and eigen vectors |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Limits, continuity, and differentiability; partial derivatives, maxima and minima; sequences and series; test for convergence |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Differential equations |
|---|
| Linear and nonlinear first order ODEs, higher order ODEs with constant coefficients; Cauchy's and Euler's equations; Laplace transforms |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Mean, median, mode, and standard deviation; random variables; Poisson, normal, and binomial distributions; correlation and regression analysis |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
Numerical methods |
|---|
| Solution of linear and nonlinear algebraic equations; integration by trapezoidal and Simpson's rule; single step method for differential equations |
General biology
General biology: Unit 01
Biochemistry |
|---|
| Biomolecules-structure and function; biological membranes-structure, membrane channels, and pumps, molecular motors, action potential and transport processes; basic concepts and regulation of metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids |
| Amino acids and nucleic acids; photosynthesis, respiration, and electron transport chain |
| Enzymes-classification, catalytic, and regulatory strategies; enzyme kinetics-Michaelis-Menten equation; enzyme inhibition-competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition |
General biology: Unit 02
Microbiology |
|---|
| Bacterial classification and diversity; microbial ecology-microbes in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems; microbial interactions; viruses-structure and classification; methods in microbiology; microbial growth and nutrition; nitrogen fixation |
| Microbial diseases and host-pathogen interactions; antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance |
General biology: Unit 03
Immunology |
|---|
| Innate and adaptive immunity, humoral and cell mediated immunity; antibody structure and function; molecular basis of antibody diversity; T cell and B cell development; antigen-antibody reaction; complement; primary and secondary lymphoid organs |
| Major histocompatibility complex (MHC); antigen processing and presentation; polyclonal and monoclonal antibody; regulation of immune response; immune tolerance; hyper sensitivity; autoimmunity; graft versus host reaction; immunization and vaccines |
Genetics, cellular, and molecular biology
Genetics, cellular, and molecular biology: Unit 01
Genetics and evolutionary biology |
|---|
| Mendelian inheritance; gene interaction; complementation; linkage, recombination, and chromosome mapping; extra chromosomal inheritance; microbial genetics-transformation, transduction, and conjugation; horizontal gene transfer and transposable elements |
| Chromosomal variation; genetic disorders; population genetics; epigenetics; selection and inheritance; adaptive and neutral evolution; genetic drift; species and speciation |
Genetics, cellular, and molecular biology: Unit 02
Cell biology |
|---|
| Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure; cell cycle and cell growth control; cell-cell communication; cell signaling and signal transduction; post-translational modifications; protein trafficking; cell death and autophagy; extra-cellular matrix |
Genetics, cellular, and molecular biology: Unit 03
Molecular biology |
|---|
| Molecular structure of genes and chromosomes; mutations and mutagenesis; regulation of gene expression; nucleic acid-replication, transcription, splicing, translation and their regulatory mechanisms; Non-coding and micro RNA; RNA interference |
| DNA damage and repair |
Fundamentals of biological engineering
Fundamentals of biological engineering: Unit 01
Engineering principles applied to biological systems |
|---|
| Material and energy balances for reactive and non-reactive systems; recycle, bypass and purge processes; stoichiometry of growth and product formation; degree of reduction, electron balance, theoretical oxygen demand |
Fundamentals of biological engineering: Unit 02
Classical thermodynamics and bioenergetics |
|---|
| Laws of thermodynamics; solution thermodynamics; phase equilibrium, reaction equilibrium; ligand binding; membrane potential; energetics of metabolic pathways, oxidation, and reduction reactions |
Fundamentals of biological engineering: Unit 03
Transport processes |
|---|
| Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, fluid flow-laminar and turbulent; mixing in bioreactors, mixing time; molecular diffusion and film theory; oxygen transfer and uptake in bioreactor, kLa and its measurement; conductive and convective heat transfer, LMTD |
| Overall heat transfer coefficient; heat exchangers |
Bioprocess engineering and process biotechnology
Bioprocess engineering and process biotechnology: Unit 01
Bioreaction engineering |
|---|
| Rate law, zero, and first order kinetics; ideal reactors-batch, mixed flow and plug flow; enzyme immobilization, diffusion effects-Thiele modulus, effectiveness factor, Damkohler number; kinetics of cell growth |
| Substrate utilization and product formation; structured and unstructured models; batch, fed-batch, and continuous processes; microbial and enzyme reactors; optimization and scale up |
Bioprocess engineering and process biotechnology: Unit 02
Upstream and downstream processing |
|---|
| Media formulation and optimization; sterilization of air and media; filtration-membrane filtration, ultra filtration; centrifugation-high speed and ultra; cell disruption; principles of chromatography-ion exchange, gel filtration, hydrophobic interaction |
| Affinity, GC, HPLC, and FPLC; extraction, adsorption, and drying |
Bioprocess engineering and process biotechnology: Unit 03
Instrumentation and process control |
|---|
| Pressure, temperature, and flow measurement devices; valves; first order and second order systems; feedback and feed forward control; types of controllers-proportional, derivative, and integral control, tuning of controllers |
Plant, animal, and microbial biotechnology
Plant, animal, and microbial biotechnology: Unit 01
Plants |
|---|
| Totipotency; regeneration of plants; plant growth regulators and elicitors; tissue culture and cell suspension culture system-methodology, kinetics of growth and nutrient optimization; production of secondary metabolites; hairy root culture |
| Plant products of industrial importance; artificial seeds; somaclonal variation; protoplast, protoplast fusion-somatic hybrid and cybrid; transgenic plants-direct and indirect methods of gene transfer techniques; selection marker and reporter gene |
| Plastid transformation |
Plant, animal, and microbial biotechnology: Unit 02
Animals |
|---|
| Culture media composition and growth conditions; animal cell and tissue preservation; anchorage and non-anchorage dependent cell culture; kinetics of cell growth; micro and macro-carrier culture; hybridoma technology; stem cell technology; animal cloning |
| Transgenic animals; knock-out and knock-in animals |
Plant, animal, and microbial biotechnology: Unit 03
Microbes |
|---|
| Production of biomass and primary/ secondary metabolites-biofuels, bioplastics, industrial enzymes, antibiotics; large scale production and purification of recombinant proteins and metabolites; clinical-, food-, and industrial microbiology |
| Screening strategies for new products |
Recombinant DNA technology and other tools in biotechnology
Recombinant DNA technology and other tools in biotechnology: Unit 01
Recombinant DNA technology |
|---|
| Restriction and modification enzymes; vectors-plasmids, bacteriophage, and other viral vectors, cosmids, Ti plasmid, bacterial and yeast artificial chromosomes; expression vectors; cDNA and genomic DNA library; gene isolation and cloning |
| Strategies for production of recombinant proteins; transposons and gene targeting |
Recombinant DNA technology and other tools in biotechnology: Unit 02
Molecular tools |
|---|
| Polymerase chain reaction; DNA/ RNA labelling and sequencing; southern and northern blotting; in-situ hybridization; DNA fingerprinting, RAPD, RFLP; site-directed mutagenesis; gene transfer technologies; CRISPR-cas; biosensing and biosensors |
Recombinant DNA technology and other tools in biotechnology: Unit 03
Analytical tools |
|---|
| Principles of microscopy-light, electron, fluorescent, and confocal; principles of spectroscopy-UV, visible, CD, IR, fluorescence, FT-IR, MS, NMR; electrophoresis; micro-arrays; enzymatic assays; immunoassays-ELISA, RIA, immunohistochemistry |
| Immunoblotting; flow cytometry; whole genome and ChIP sequencing |
Recombinant DNA technology and other tools in biotechnology: Unit 04
Computational tools |
|---|
| Bioinformatics resources and search tools; sequence and structure databases; sequence analysis-sequence file formats, scoring matrices, alignment, phylogeny; genomics, proteomics, metabolomics; gene prediction; functional annotation |
| Secondary structure and 3D structure prediction; knowledge discovery in biochemical databases; metagenomics; metabolic engineering and systems biology |
GATE Civil Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Matrix algebra; systems of linear equations; eigen values and eigen vectors |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Functions of single variable; limit, continuity, and differentiability; mean value theorems, local maxima and minima; Taylor series; evaluation of definite and indefinite integrals, application of definite integral to obtain area and volume |
| Partial derivatives; total derivative; gradient, divergence and curl, vector identities; directional derivatives; line, surface and volume integrals |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Ordinary differential equation (ODE) |
|---|
| First order (linear and non-linear) equations; higher order linear equations with constant coefficients; Euler-Cauchy equations; initial and boundary value problems |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Partial differential equation (PDE) |
|---|
| Fourier series; separation of variables; solutions of one-dimensional diffusion equation; first and second order one-dimensional wave equation and two-dimensional Laplace equation |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Sampling theorems; conditional probability; descriptive statistics-mean, median, mode and standard deviation; random variables-discrete and continuous, Poisson and normal distribution; linear regression |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
Numerical methods |
|---|
| Error analysis |
| Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations; Newton's and Lagrange polynomials; numerical differentiation; integration by trapezoidal and Simpson's rule; single and multi-step methods for first order differential equations |
Structural engineering
Structural engineering: Unit 01
Engineering mechanics |
|---|
| System of forces, free-body diagrams, equilibrium equations; internal forces in structures; frictions and its applications; centre of mass; free vibrations of undamped SDOF system |
Structural engineering: Unit 02
Solid mechanics |
|---|
| Bending moment and shear force in statically determinate beams; simple stress and strain relationships; simple bending theory, flexural and shear stresses, shear centre; uniform torsion, transformation of stress; buckling of column |
| Combined and direct bending stresses |
Structural engineering: Unit 03
Structural analysis |
|---|
| Statically determinate and indeterminate structures by force/ energy methods; method of superposition; analysis of trusses, arches, beams, cables and frames; displacement methods: Slope deflection and moment distribution methods; Influence lines |
| Stiffness and flexibility methods of structural analysis |
Structural engineering: Unit 04
Construction materials and management |
|---|
| Construction materials: Structural steel-composition, material properties and behaviour; concrete-constituents, mix design, short-term and long-term properties |
| Construction management: Types of construction projects; project planning and network analysis-PERT and CPM; cost estimation |
Structural engineering: Unit 05
Concrete structures |
|---|
| Working stress and limit state design concepts; design of beams, slabs, columns; bond and development length; prestressed concrete beams |
Structural engineering: Unit 06
Steel structures |
|---|
| Working stress and Limit state design concepts; design of tension and compression members, beams and beam-columns, column bases; connections-simple and eccentric, beam-column connections, plate girders and trusses |
| Concept of plastic analysis-beams and frames |
Geotechnical engineering
Geotechnical engineering: Unit 01
Soil mechanics |
|---|
| Three-phase system and phase relationships, index properties; unified and Indian standard soil classification system; permeability-one dimensional flow, seepage through soils-two-dimensional flow, flow nets, uplift pressure, piping, capillarity |
| Seepage force; principle of effective stress and quicksand condition; compaction of soils; one-dimensional consolidation, time rate of consolidation; shear strength, Mohr's circle, effective and total shear strength parameters |
| Stress-strain characteristics of clays and sand; stress paths |
Geotechnical engineering: Unit 02
Foundation engineering |
|---|
| Sub-surface investigations-drilling bore holes, sampling, plate load test, standard penetration and cone penetration tests; Earth pressure theories-Rankine and Coulomb; stability of slopes-finite and infinite slopes, Bishop's method |
| Stress distribution in soils-Boussinesq's theory; pressure bulbs, shallow foundations-Terzaghi and Meyerhof's bearing capacity theories, effect of water table; combined footing and raft foundation; contact pressure |
| Settlement analysis in sands and clays; deep foundations-dynamic and static formulae, axial load capacity of piles in sands and clays, pile load test, pile under lateral loading, pile group efficiency, negative skin friction |
Water resources engineering
Water resources engineering: Unit 01
Fluid mechanics |
|---|
| Properties of fluids, fluid statics; continuity, momentum and energy equations and their applications; potential flow, laminar and turbulent flow; flow in pipes, pipe networks; concept of boundary layer and its growth; concept of lift and drag |
Water resources engineering: Unit 02
Hydraulics |
|---|
| Forces on immersed bodies; flow measurement in channels and pipes; dimensional analysis and hydraulic similitude; channel hydraulics-energy-depth relationships, specific energy, critical flow, hydraulic jump, uniform flow |
| Gradually varied flow and water surface profiles |
Water resources engineering: Unit 03
Hydrology |
|---|
| Hydrologic cycle, precipitation, evaporation, evapo-transpiration, watershed, infiltration, unit hydrographs, hydrograph analysis, reservoir capacity, flood estimation and routing, surface run-off models |
| Ground water hydrology-steady state well hydraulics and aquifers; application of Darcy's law |
Water resources engineering: Unit 04
Irrigation |
|---|
| Types of irrigation systems and methods; crop water requirements-duty, delta, evapo-transpiration; gravity dams and spillways; lined and unlined canals, design of weirs on permeable foundation; cross drainage structures |
Environmental engineering
Environmental engineering: Unit 01
Water and waste water quality and treatment |
|---|
| Basics of water quality standards-physical, chemical, and biological parameters; water quality index; unit processes and operations; water requirement; water distribution system; drinking water treatment |
| Sewerage system design, quantity of domestic wastewater, primary and secondary treatment |
| Effluent discharge standards; sludge disposal; reuse of treated sewage for different applications |
Environmental engineering: Unit 02
Air pollution |
|---|
| Types of pollutants, their sources and impacts, air pollution control, air quality standards, air quality index and limits |
Environmental engineering: Unit 03
Municipal solid wastes |
|---|
| Characteristics, generation, collection and transportation of solid wastes, engineered systems for solid waste management (reuse/ recycle, energy recovery, treatment and disposal) |
Transportation engineering
Transportation engineering: Unit 01
Transportation infrastructure |
|---|
| Geometric design of highways-cross-sectional elements, sight distances, horizontal and vertical alignments |
| Geometric design of railway Track-speed and cant |
| Concept of airport runway length, calculations and corrections; taxiway and exit taxiway design |
Transportation engineering: Unit 02
Highway pavements |
|---|
| Highway materials-desirable properties and tests; desirable properties of bituminous paving mixes; design factors for flexible and rigid pavements; design of flexible and rigid pavement using IRC codes |
Transportation engineering: Unit 03
Traffic engineering |
|---|
| Traffic studies on flow and speed, peak hour factor, accident study, statistical analysis of traffic data; microscopic and macroscopic parameters of traffic flow, fundamental relationships; traffic signs; signal design by Webster's method |
| Types of intersections; highway capacity |
Geomatics engineering
Geomatics engineering: Unit 01
Principles of surveying |
|---|
Geomatics engineering: Unit 02
Errors and their adjustment |
|---|
Geomatics engineering: Unit 03
Maps |
|---|
| Scale, coordinate system |
Geomatics engineering: Unit 04
Distance and angle measurement |
|---|
| Levelling and trigonometric levelling |
Geomatics engineering: Unit 05
Traversing and triangulation survey |
|---|
Geomatics engineering: Unit 06
Total station |
|---|
Geomatics engineering: Unit 07
Horizontal and vertical curves |
|---|
Geomatics engineering: Unit 08
Photogrammetry and remote sensing |
|---|
| Scale, flying height |
Geomatics engineering: Unit 09
Basics of remote sensing and GIS |
|---|
GATE Chemical Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Matrix algebra, systems of linear equations, eigen values and eigen vectors |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Functions of single variable, limit, continuity, and differentiability, Taylor series, mean value theorems, evaluation of definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, total derivative, maxima and minima, gradient, divergence and curl |
| Vector identities, directional derivatives, line, surface and volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green's theorems |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Differential equations |
|---|
| First order equations (linear and nonlinear), higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transforms |
| Solutions of one dimensional heat and wave equations and Laplace equation |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Complex variables |
|---|
| Complex number, polar form of complex number, triangle inequality |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Definitions of probability and sampling theorems, conditional probability, mean, median, mode and standard deviation, random variables, Poisson, normal and binomial distributions, linear regression analysis |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
Numerical methods |
|---|
| Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations |
| Integration by trapezoidal and Simpson's rule |
| Single and multi-step methods for numerical solution of differential equations |
Process calculations and thermodynamics
Process calculations and thermodynamics: Unit 01
Steady and unsteady state mass and energy balances including multiphase |
|---|
Process calculations and thermodynamics: Unit 02
Multi-component |
|---|
Process calculations and thermodynamics: Unit 03
Reacting and non-reacting systems |
|---|
Process calculations and thermodynamics: Unit 04
Use of tie components |
|---|
Process calculations and thermodynamics: Unit 05
Recycle, bypass, and purge calculations |
|---|
Process calculations and thermodynamics: Unit 06
Gibb's phase rule and degree of freedom analysis |
|---|
Process calculations and thermodynamics: Unit 07
First and second laws of thermodynamics |
|---|
Process calculations and thermodynamics: Unit 08
Applications of first law to close and open systems |
|---|
Process calculations and thermodynamics: Unit 09
Second law and entropy |
|---|
Process calculations and thermodynamics: Unit 10
Thermodynamic properties of pure substances |
|---|
| Equation of state and residual properties |
Process calculations and thermodynamics: Unit 11
Properties of mixtures |
|---|
| Partial molar properties, fugacity, excess properties and activity coefficients |
Process calculations and thermodynamics: Unit 12
Phase equilibria |
|---|
| Predicting VLE of systems; chemical reaction equilibrium |
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 01
Fluid statics |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 02
Surface tension |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 03
Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 04
Transport properties |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 05
Shell-balances including differential form of Bernoulli equation and energy balance |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 06
Equation of continuity |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 07
Equation of motion |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 08
Equation of mechanical energy |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 09
Macroscopic friction factors |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 10
Dimensional analysis and similitude |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 11
Flow through pipeline systems |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 12
Velocity profiles |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 13
Flow meters |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 14
Pumps and compressors |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 15
Elementary boundary layer theory |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 16
Flow past immersed bodies including packed and fluidized beds |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 17
Turbulent flow |
|---|
| Fluctuating velocity, universal velocity profile and pressure drop |
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 18
Particle size and shape |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 19
Particle size distribution |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 20
Size reduction and classification of solid particles |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 21
Free and hindered settling |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 22
Centrifuge and cyclones |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 23
Thickening and classification |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 24
Filtration |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 25
Agitation and mixing |
|---|
Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations: Unit 26
Conveying of solids |
|---|
Heat transfer
Heat transfer: Unit 01
Equation of energy |
|---|
Heat transfer: Unit 02
Steady and unsteady heat conduction |
|---|
Heat transfer: Unit 03
Convection and radiation |
|---|
Heat transfer: Unit 04
Thermal boundary layer and heat transfer coefficients |
|---|
Heat transfer: Unit 05
Boiling |
|---|
Heat transfer: Unit 06
Condensation and evaporation |
|---|
Heat transfer: Unit 07
Types of heat exchangers and evaporators and their process calculations |
|---|
Heat transfer: Unit 08
Design of double pipe |
|---|
Heat transfer: Unit 09
Shell and tube heat exchangers, and single and multiple effect evaporators |
|---|
Mass transfer
Mass transfer: Unit 01
Fick's laws |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 02
Molecular diffusion in fluids |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 03
Mass transfer coefficients |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 04
Film |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 05
Penetration and surface renewal theories |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 06
Momentum |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 07
Heat and mass transfer analogies |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 08
Stage-wise and continuous contacting and stage efficiencies |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 09
HTU and NTU concepts |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 10
Design and operation of equipment for distillation |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 11
Absorption |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 12
Leaching |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 13
Liquid-liquid extraction |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 14
Drying |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 15
Humidification |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 16
Dehumidification and adsorption |
|---|
Mass transfer: Unit 17
Membrane separations (micro-filtration, ultra-filtration, nano-filtration and reverse osmosis) |
|---|
Chemical reaction engineering
Chemical reaction engineering: Unit 01
Theories of reaction rates |
|---|
Chemical reaction engineering: Unit 02
Kinetics of homogeneous reactions |
|---|
Chemical reaction engineering: Unit 03
Interpretation of kinetic data |
|---|
Chemical reaction engineering: Unit 04
Single and multiple reactions in ideal reactors |
|---|
Chemical reaction engineering: Unit 05
Kinetics of enzyme reactions (Michaelis-Menten and Monod models) |
|---|
Chemical reaction engineering: Unit 06
Non-ideal reactors |
|---|
Chemical reaction engineering: Unit 07
Residence time distribution |
|---|
Chemical reaction engineering: Unit 08
Single parameter model |
|---|
Chemical reaction engineering: Unit 09
Non-isothermal reactors |
|---|
Chemical reaction engineering: Unit 10
Kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions |
|---|
Chemical reaction engineering: Unit 11
Diffusion effects in catalysis |
|---|
Chemical reaction engineering: Unit 12
Rate and performance equations for catalyst deactivation |
|---|
Instrumentation and process control
Instrumentation and process control: Unit 01
Measurement of process variables |
|---|
Instrumentation and process control: Unit 02
Sensors and transducers |
|---|
Instrumentation and process control: Unit 03
P and ID equipment symbols |
|---|
Instrumentation and process control: Unit 04
Process modeling and linearization |
|---|
Instrumentation and process control: Unit 05
Transfer functions and dynamic responses of various systems |
|---|
Instrumentation and process control: Unit 06
Systems with inverse response |
|---|
Instrumentation and process control: Unit 07
Process reaction curve |
|---|
Instrumentation and process control: Unit 08
Controller modes (P, PI, and PID) |
|---|
Instrumentation and process control: Unit 09
Control valves |
|---|
Instrumentation and process control: Unit 10
Transducer dynamics |
|---|
Instrumentation and process control: Unit 11
Analysis of closed loop systems including stability |
|---|
Instrumentation and process control: Unit 12
Frequency response |
|---|
Instrumentation and process control: Unit 13
Controller tuning |
|---|
Instrumentation and process control: Unit 14
Cascade and feed forward control |
|---|
Plant design and economics
Plant design and economics: Unit 01
Principles of process economics and cost estimation including depreciation and total annualized cost |
|---|
Plant design and economics: Unit 02
Cost indices |
|---|
Plant design and economics: Unit 03
Rate of return |
|---|
Plant design and economics: Unit 04
Payback period |
|---|
Plant design and economics: Unit 05
Discounted cash flow |
|---|
Plant design and economics: Unit 06
Optimization in process design and sizing of chemical engineering equipments such as heat exchangers and multistage contactors |
|---|
Chemical technology
Chemical technology: Unit 01
Inorganic chemical industries (sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, chlor-alkali industry) |
|---|
Chemical technology: Unit 02
Fertilizers (ammonia, urea, SSP and TSP) |
|---|
Chemical technology: Unit 03
Natural products industries (pulp and paper, sugar, oil, and fats) |
|---|
Chemical technology: Unit 04
Petroleum refining and petrochemicals |
|---|
Chemical technology: Unit 05
Polymerization industries (polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC and polyester synthetic fibers) |
|---|
GATE Computer Science and Information Technology Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Discrete mathematics |
|---|
| Propositional and first order logic |
| Sets, relations, functions, partial orders and lattices |
| Monoids, groups |
| Graphs: Connectivity, matching, colouring |
| Combinatorics: Counting, recurrence relations, generating functions |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Matrices, determinants, system of linear equations, eigen values and eigen vectors, LU decomposition |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Calculus |
|---|
| Limits, continuity, and differentiability |
| Maxima and minima |
| Mean value theorem |
| Integration |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Random variables |
| Uniform, normal, exponential, poisson and binomial distributions |
| Mean, median, mode and standard deviation |
| Conditional probability and baye's theorem |
Computer science and information technology
Computer science and information technology: Unit 01
Digital logic |
|---|
| Boolean algebra |
| Combinational and sequential circuits |
| Minimization |
| Number representations and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point) |
Computer science and information technology: Unit 02
Computer organization and architecture |
|---|
| Machine instructions and addressing modes |
| ALU, data‐path and control unit |
| Instruction pipelining, pipeline hazards |
| Memory hierarchy: Cache, main memory and secondary storage; I/O interface (interrupt and DMA mode) |
Computer science and information technology: Unit 03
Programming and data structures |
|---|
| Programming in C. Recursion |
| Arrays, stacks, queues, linked lists, trees, binary search trees, binary heaps, graphs |
Computer science and information technology: Unit 04
Algorithms |
|---|
| Searching, sorting, hashing |
| Asymptotic worst case time and space complexity |
| Algorithm design techniques: Greedy, dynamic programming and divide‐and‐conquer |
| Graph traversals, minimum spanning trees, shortest paths |
Computer science and information technology: Unit 05
Theory of computation |
|---|
| Regular expressions and finite automata |
| Context-free grammars and push-down automata |
| Regular and contex-free languages, pumping lemma |
| Turing machines and undecidability |
Computer science and information technology: Unit 06
Compiler design |
|---|
| Lexical analysis, parsing, syntax-directed translation |
| Runtime environments |
| Intermediate code generation |
| Local optimisation, data flow analyses: Constant propagation, liveness analysis, common subexpression elimination |
Computer science and information technology: Unit 07
Operating system |
|---|
| System calls, processes, threads, inter‐process communication, concurrency and synchronization |
| Deadlock |
| CPU and I/O scheduling |
| Memory management and virtual memory |
| File systems |
Computer science and information technology: Unit 08
Databases |
|---|
| ER‐model |
| Relational model: Relational algebra, tuple calculus, SQL |
| Integrity constraints, normal forms |
| File organization, indexing (e.g., B and B+ trees) |
| Transactions and concurrency control |
Computer science and information technology: Unit 09
Computer networks |
|---|
| Concept of layering: OSI and TCP/IP protocol stacks; basics of packet, circuit and virtual circuit-switching; data link layer: Framing, error detection, medium access control, ethernet bridging |
| Routing protocols: Shortest path, flooding, distance vector and link state routing; fragmentation and IP addressing, IPv4, CIDR notation, basics of IP support protocols (ARP, DHCP, ICMP), network address translation (NAT) |
| Transport layer: Flow control and congestion control, UDP, TCP, sockets; application layer protocols: DNS, SMTP, HTTP, FTP, Email |
GATE Chemistry Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Physical chemistry
Physical chemistry: Unit 01
Structure |
|---|
| Postulates of quantum mechanics |
| Operators |
| Time dependent and time independent Schrödinger equations |
| Born interpretation |
| Dirac bra-ket notation |
| Particle in a box: Infinite and finite square wells; concept of tunnelling; particle in 1D, 2D and 3D-box; applications |
| Harmonic oscillator: Harmonic and anharmonic potentials; hermite polynomials |
| Rotational motion: Angular momentum operators, rigid rotor |
| Hydrogen and hydrogen-like atoms: Atomic orbitals; radial distribution function |
| Multi-electron atoms: Orbital approximation; electron spin; Pauli exclusion principle; slater determinants |
| Approximation methods: Variation method and secular determinants; first order perturbation techniques |
| Atomic units |
| Molecular structure and chemical bonding: Born-Oppenheimer approximation; valence bond theory and linear combination of atomic orbitals-molecular orbital (LCAO-MO) theory |
| Hybrid orbitals |
| Applications of LCAO-MO theory to H2 +, H2; molecular orbital theory (MOT) of homo- and heteronuclear diatomic molecules |
| Hückel approximation and its application to annular π– electron systems |
| Group theory: Symmetry elements and operations; point groups and character tables; internal coordinates and vibrational modes; symmetry adapted linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO-MO); construction of hybrid orbitals using symmetry aspects |
| Spectroscopy: Atomic spectroscopy; Russell-Saunders coupling; term symbols and spectral details; origin of selection rules. Rotational, vibrational, electronic and Raman spectroscopy of diatomic and polyatomic molecules. Line broadening |
| Spectroscopy: Einstein's coefficients. Relationship of transition moment integral with molar extinction coefficient and oscillator strength. Basic principles of nuclear magnetic resonance: Gyromagnetic ratio; chemical shift, nuclear coupling |
Physical chemistry: Unit 02
Equilibrium |
|---|
| Laws of thermodynamics |
| Standard states |
| Thermochemistry |
| Thermodynamic functions and their relationships: Gibbs-Helmholtz and Maxwell relations, Gibbs-Duhem equation, Van't Hoff equation |
| Criteria of spontaneity and equilibrium |
| Absolute entropy |
| Partial molar quantities |
| Thermodynamics of mixing |
| Chemical potential |
| Fugacity, activity and activity coefficients |
| Ideal and Non-ideal solutions, Raoult's law and Henry's law, chemical equilibria |
| Dependence of equilibrium constant on temperature and pressure |
| Ionic mobility and conductivity |
| Debye-Huckel limiting law |
| Debye-Hückel-Onsager equation |
| Standard electrode potentials and electrochemical cells |
| Nernst Equation and its application, relationship between electrode potential and thermodynamic quantities, potentiometric and conductometric titrations |
| Phase rule |
| Clausius-Clapeyron equation |
| Phase diagram of one component systems: CO2, H2O, S; two component systems: Liquid- vapour, liquid-liquid, and solid-liquid systems |
| Fractional distillation |
| Azeotropes and eutectics |
| Statistical thermodynamics: Microcanonical, canonical and grand canonical ensembles, Boltzmann distribution, partition functions and thermodynamic properties |
Physical chemistry: Unit 03
Kinetics |
|---|
| Elementary, parallel, opposing and consecutive reactions |
| Steady state approximation |
| Mechanisms of complex reactions |
| Unimolecular reactions |
| Potential energy surfaces and classical trajectories, concept of Saddle points, transition state theory: Eyring equation, thermodynamic aspects |
| Kinetics of polymerization |
| Catalysis concepts and enzyme catalysis |
| Kinetic isotope effects |
| Fast reaction kinetics: Relaxation and flow methods |
| Diffusion controlled reactions |
| Kinetics of photochemical and photophysical processes |
Physical chemistry: Unit 04
Surfaces and interfaces |
|---|
| Physisorption and Chemisorption |
| Langmuir, Freundlich and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) isotherms |
| Surface catalysis: Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism |
| Surface tension, viscosity |
| Self-assembly |
| Physical chemistry of colloids, micelles and macromolecules |
Inorganic chemistry
Inorganic chemistry: Unit 01
Main group elements |
|---|
| Hydrides, halides, oxides, oxoacids, nitrides, sulfides-shapes and reactivity |
| Structure and bonding of boranes, carboranes, silicones, silicates, boron nitride, borazines and phosphazenes |
| Allotropes of carbon, phosphorous and sulphur |
| Industrial synthesis of compounds of main group elements |
| Chemistry of noble gases, pseudohalogens, and interhalogen compounds |
| Acid-base concepts and principles (Lewis, Brønsted, HSAB and acid-base catalysis) |
Inorganic chemistry: Unit 02
Transition elements |
|---|
| Coordination chemistry-structure and isomerism, theories of bonding (VBT, CFT, and MOT) |
| Energy level diagrams in various crystal fields, CFSE, applications of CFT, Jahn-Teller distortion |
| Electronic spectra of transition metal complexes: Spectroscopic term symbols, selection rules, Orgel and Tanabe-Sugano diagrams, nephelauxetic effect and Racah parameter, charge-transfer spectra |
| Magnetic properties of transition metal complexes |
| Ray-Dutt and Bailar twists, reaction mechanisms: Kinetic and thermodynamic stability, substitution and redox reactions |
| Metal-metal multiple bond |
Inorganic chemistry: Unit 03
Lanthanides and actinides |
|---|
| Recovery |
| Periodic properties, spectra and magnetic properties |
Inorganic chemistry: Unit 04
Organometallics |
|---|
| 18-Electron rule; metal-alkyl, metal-carbonyl, metal-olefin and metal-carbene complexes and metallocenes |
| Fluxionality in organometallic complexes |
| Types of organometallic reactions |
| Homogeneous catalysis-hydrogenation, hydroformylation, acetic acid synthesis, metathesis and olefin oxidation |
| Heterogeneous catalysis-Fischer-Tropsch reaction, Ziegler-Natta polymerization |
Inorganic chemistry: Unit 05
Radioactivity |
|---|
| Detection of radioactivity, decay processes, half-life of radioactive elements, fission and fusion processes |
Inorganic chemistry: Unit 06
Bioinorganic chemistry |
|---|
| Ion (Na+ and K+ ) transport, oxygen binding, transport and utilization, electron transfer reactions, nitrogen fixation, metalloenzymes containing magnesium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper and zinc |
Inorganic chemistry: Unit 07
Solids |
|---|
| Crystal systems and lattices, Miller planes, crystal packing, crystal defects, Bragg's law, ionic crystals, structures of AX, AX2, ABX3 type compounds, spinels, band theory, metals and semiconductors |
Inorganic chemistry: Unit 08
Instrumental methods of analysis |
|---|
| UV-visible, fluorescence and FTIR spectrophotometry, NMR and ESR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, atomic absorption spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy (Fe and Sn) and X-ray crystallography |
| Chromatography including GC and HPLC |
| Electroanalytical methods-polarography, cyclic voltammetry, ion-selective electrodes |
| Thermoanalytical methods |
Organic chemistry
Organic chemistry: Unit 01
Stereochemistry |
|---|
| Chirality and symmetry of organic molecules with or without chiral centres and determination of their absolute configurations |
| Relative stereochemistry in compounds having more than one stereogenic centre |
| Homotopic, enantiotopic and diastereotopic atoms, groups and faces |
| Stereoselective and stereospecific synthesis |
| Conformational analysis of acyclic and cyclic compounds |
| Geometrical isomerism and optical isomerism |
| Configurational and conformational effects, atropisomerism, and neighbouring group participation on reactivity and selectivity/ specificity |
Organic chemistry: Unit 02
Reaction mechanisms |
|---|
| Basic mechanistic concepts-kinetic versus thermodynamic control, Hammond's postulate and Curtin-Hammett principle |
| Methods of determining reaction mechanisms through kinetics, identification of products, intermediates and isotopic labelling |
| Linear free-energy relationshi-Hammett and Taft equations |
| Nucleophilic and electrophilic substitution reactions (both aromatic and aliphatic) |
| Addition reactions to carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom (N and O) multiple bonds |
| Elimination reactions |
| Reactive intermediates-carbocations, carbanions, carbenes, nitrenes, arynes and free radicals |
| Molecular rearrangements |
Organic chemistry: Unit 03
Organic synthesis |
|---|
| Synthesis, reactions, mechanisms and selectivity involving the following classes of compounds-alkenes, alkynes, arenes, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, nitriles, halides, nitro compounds, amines and amides |
| Uses of Mg, Li, Cu, B, Zn, P, S, Sn and Si based reagents in organic synthesis |
| Carbon-carbon bond formation through coupling reactions-Heck, Suzuki, Stille, Sonogoshira, Negishi, Kumada, Hiyama, Tsuji-Trost, olefin metathesis and McMurry |
| Concepts of multistep synthesis-retrosynthetic analysis, strategic disconnections, synthons and synthetic equivalents |
| Atom economy and green chemistry, umpolung reactivity-formyl and acyl anion equivalents |
| Selectivity in organic synthesis-chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivity |
| Protection and deprotection of functional groups |
| Concepts of asymmetric synthesis-resolution (including enzymatic), desymmetrization and use of chiral auxiliaries, organocatalysis |
| Carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond forming reactions through enolates (including boron enolates), enamines and silyl enol ethers |
| Stereoselective addition to C=O groups (Cram, Prelog and Felkin-Anh models) |
Organic chemistry: Unit 04
Pericyclic reactions and photochemistry |
|---|
| Electrocyclic, cycloaddition and sigmatropic reactions |
| Orbital correlations-FMO and PMO treatments, Woodward-Hoffmann rule |
| Photochemistry of alkenes, arenes and carbonyl compounds |
| Photooxidation and photoreduction |
| Di-π-methane rearrangement, Barton-McCombie reaction, Norrish type-I and II cleavage reaction |
Organic chemistry: Unit 05
Heterocyclic compounds |
|---|
| Structure, preparation, properties and reactions of furan, pyrrole, thiophene, pyridine, indole, quinoline and isoquinoline |
Organic chemistry: Unit 06
Biomolecules |
|---|
| Structure, properties and reactions of mono-and di-saccharides, physicochemical properties of amino acids, chemical synthesis of peptides, chemical structure determination of peptides and proteins |
| Structural features of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, steroids, terpenoids, carotenoids, and alkaloids |
Organic chemistry: Unit 07
Experimental techniques in organic chemistry |
|---|
| Optical rotation (polarimetry) |
| Applications of various chromatographic techniques such as thin-layer, column, HPLC and GC |
| Applications of UV-visible, IR, NMR and mass spectrometry in the structural determination of organic molecules |
GATE Electronics and Communication Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Vector space, basis, linear dependence and independence, matrix algebra, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, rank, solution of linear equations-existence and uniqueness |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Mean value theorems, theorems of integral calculus, evaluation of definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, multiple integrals, line, surface and volume integrals, Taylor series |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Differential equations |
|---|
| First order equations (linear and nonlinear), higher order linear differential equations, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, methods of solution using variation of parameters, complementary function and particular integral, partial differential equations |
| Variable separable method, initial and boundary value problems |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Vector analysis |
|---|
| Vectors in plane and space, vector operations, gradient, divergence and curl, Gauss's, Green's and Stokes' theorems |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
Complex analysis |
|---|
| Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem, Cauchy's integral formula, sequences, series, convergence tests, Taylor and Laurent series, residue theorem |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Mean, median, mode, standard deviation, combinatorial probability, probability distributions, binomial distribution, Poisson distribution, exponential distribution, normal distribution, joint and conditional probability |
Networks, signals, and systems
Networks, signals, and systems: Unit 01
Circuit analysis |
|---|
| Node and mesh analysis, superposition, Thevenin's theorem, Norton's theorem, reciprocity |
| Sinusoidal steady state analysis: Phasors, complex power, maximum power transfer |
| Time and frequency domain analysis of linear circuits: RL, RC and RLC circuits, solution of network equations using Laplace transform |
| Linear 2-port network parameters, Wye-delta transformation |
Networks, signals, and systems: Unit 02
Continuous-time signals |
|---|
| Fourier series and Fourier transform, sampling theorem and applications |
Networks, signals, and systems: Unit 03
Discrete-time signals |
|---|
| DTFT, DFT, z-transform, discrete-time processing of continuous-time signals |
| LTI systems: Definition and properties, causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeroes, frequency response, group delay, phase delay |
Electronic devices
Electronic devices: Unit 01
Energy bands in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors |
|---|
Electronic devices: Unit 02
Equilibrium carrier concentration |
|---|
Electronic devices: Unit 03
Direct and indirect band-gap semiconductors |
|---|
Electronic devices: Unit 04
Carrier transport |
|---|
| Diffusion current, drift current, mobility and resistivity, generation and recombination of carriers, Poisson and continuity equations |
Electronic devices: Unit 05
P-N junction |
|---|
Electronic devices: Unit 06
Zener diode |
|---|
Electronic devices: Unit 07
BJT |
|---|
Electronic devices: Unit 08
MOS capacitor |
|---|
Electronic devices: Unit 09
MOSFET |
|---|
Electronic devices: Unit 10
LED |
|---|
Electronic devices: Unit 11
Photo diode and solar cell |
|---|
Analog circuits
Analog circuits: Unit 01
Diode circuits |
|---|
| Clipping, clamping and rectifiers |
Analog circuits: Unit 02
BJT and MOSFET amplifiers |
|---|
| Biasing, ac coupling, small signal analysis, frequency response |
| Current mirrors and differential amplifiers |
Analog circuits: Unit 03
OP-AMP Circuits |
|---|
| Amplifiers, summers, differentiators, integrators, active filters, Schmitt triggers and oscillators |
Digital circuits
Digital circuits: Unit 01
Number representations |
|---|
| Binary, integer and floating-point-numbers |
Digital circuits: Unit 02
Combinatorial circuits |
|---|
| Boolean algebra, minimization of functions using Boolean identities and Karnaugh map, logic gates and their static CMOS implementations, arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers, decoders |
Digital circuits: Unit 03
Sequential circuits |
|---|
| Latches and flip-flops, counters, shift-registers, finite state machines, propagation delay, setup and hold time, critical path delay |
Digital circuits: Unit 04
Data converters |
|---|
| Sample and hold circuits, ADCs and DACs |
Digital circuits: Unit 05
Semiconductor memories |
|---|
| ROM, SRAM, DRAM |
Digital circuits: Unit 06
Computer organization |
|---|
| Machine instructions and addressing modes, ALU, data-path and control unit, instruction pipelining |
Control systems
Control systems: Unit 01
Basic control system components |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 02
Feedback principle |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 03
Transfer function |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 04
Block diagram representation |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 05
Signal flow graph |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 06
Transient and steady-state analysis of LTI systems |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 07
Frequency response |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 08
Routh-Hurwitz and Nyquist stability criteria |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 09
Bode and root-locus plots |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 10
Lag, lead and lag-lead compensation |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 11
State variable model and solution of state equation of LTI systems |
|---|
Communications
Communications: Unit 01
Random processes |
|---|
| Autocorrelation and power spectral density, properties of white noise, filtering of random signals through LTI systems |
Communications: Unit 02
Analog communications |
|---|
| Amplitude modulation and demodulation, angle modulation and demodulation, spectra of AM and FM, superheterodyne receivers |
Communications: Unit 03
Information theory |
|---|
| Entropy, mutual information and channel capacity theorem |
Communications: Unit 04
Digital communications |
|---|
| PCM, DPCM, digital modulation schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK, QAM), bandwidth, inter-symbol interference, MAP, ML detection, matched filter receiver, SNR and BER |
Communications: Unit 05
Fundamentals of error correction |
|---|
Communications: Unit 06
Hamming codes |
|---|
Communications: Unit 07
CRC |
|---|
Electromagnetics
Electromagnetics: Unit 01
Maxwell's equations |
|---|
| Differential and integral forms and their interpretation, boundary conditions, wave equation, Poynting vector |
Electromagnetics: Unit 02
Plane waves and properties |
|---|
| Reflection and refraction, polarization, phase and group velocity, propagation through various media, skin depth |
Electromagnetics: Unit 03
Transmission lines |
|---|
| Equations, characteristic impedance, impedance matching, impedance transformation, S-parameters, Smith chart |
Electromagnetics: Unit 04
Rectangular and circular waveguides |
|---|
Electromagnetics: Unit 05
Light propagation in optical fibers |
|---|
Electromagnetics: Unit 06
Dipole and monopole antennas |
|---|
Electromagnetics: Unit 07
Linear antenna arrays |
|---|
GATE Electrical Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Matrix algebra, systems of linear equations, eigen values, eigen vectors |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Mean value theorems, theorems of integral calculus, evaluation of definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, multiple integrals, Fourier series, vector identities, directional derivatives, line integral, surface integral |
| Volume integral, Stokes's theorem, Gauss's theorem, divergence theorem, Green's theorem |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Differential equations |
|---|
| First order equations (linear and nonlinear), higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, method of variation of parameters, Cauchy's equation, Euler's equation, Initial and boundary value problems |
| Partial differential equations, method of separation of variables |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Complex variables |
|---|
| Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem, Cauchy's integral formula, Taylor series, Laurent series, residue theorem, solution integrals |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Sampling theorems, conditional probability, mean, median, mode, standard deviation, random variables, discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson distribution, normal distribution, binomial distribution, correlation analysis, regression analysis |
Electric circuits
Electric circuits: Unit 01
Network elements |
|---|
| Ideal voltage and current sources, dependent sources, R, L, C, M elements |
Electric circuits: Unit 02
Network solution methods |
|---|
| KCL, KVL, node and mesh analysis |
Electric circuits: Unit 03
Network theorems |
|---|
| Thevenin's, Norton's, superposition and maximum power transfer theorem; transient response of dc and ac networks, sinusoidal steady-state analysis, resonance, two port networks, balanced three phase circuits, star-delta transformation |
| Complex power and power factor in ac circuits |
Electromagnetic fields
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 01
Coulomb's law |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 02
Electric field intensity |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 03
Electric flux density |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 04
Gauss's law |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 05
Divergence |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 06
Electric field and potential due to point, line, plane, and spherical charge distributions |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 07
Effect of dielectric medium |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 08
Capacitance of simple configurations |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 09
Biot‐Savart's law |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 10
Ampere's law |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 11
Curl |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 12
Faraday's law |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 13
Lorentz force |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 14
Inductance |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 15
Magnetomotive force |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 16
Reluctance |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 17
Magnetic circuits |
|---|
Electromagnetic fields: Unit 18
Self and mutual inductance of simple configurations |
|---|
Signals and systems
Signals and systems: Unit 01
Representation of continuous and discrete time signals |
|---|
Signals and systems: Unit 02
Shifting and scaling properties |
|---|
Signals and systems: Unit 03
Linear time invariant and causal systems |
|---|
Signals and systems: Unit 04
Fourier series representation of continuous and discrete time periodic signals |
|---|
Signals and systems: Unit 05
Sampling theorem |
|---|
Signals and systems: Unit 06
Applications of Fourier transform for continuous and discrete time signals |
|---|
Signals and systems: Unit 07
Laplace transform and Z transform |
|---|
Electrical machines
Electrical machines: Unit 01
Single phase transformer |
|---|
| Equivalent circuit, phasor diagram, open circuit and short circuit tests, regulation and efficiency |
Electrical machines: Unit 02
Three-phase transformers |
|---|
| Connections, vector groups, parallel operation |
Electrical machines: Unit 03
Auto-transformer |
|---|
Electrical machines: Unit 04
Electromechanical energy conversion principles |
|---|
Electrical machines: Unit 05
DC machines |
|---|
| Separately excited, series and shunt, motoring and generating mode of operation and their characteristics, speed control of dc motors |
Electrical machines: Unit 06
Three-phase induction machines |
|---|
| Principle of operation, types, performance, torque-speed characteristics, no-load and blocked-rotor tests, equivalent circuit, starting and speed control |
Electrical machines: Unit 07
Operating principle of single-phase induction motors |
|---|
Electrical machines: Unit 08
Synchronous machines |
|---|
| Cylindrical and salient pole machines, performance and characteristics, regulation and parallel operation of generators, starting of synchronous motors |
Electrical machines: Unit 09
Types of losses and efficiency calculations of electric machines |
|---|
Power systems
Power systems: Unit 01
Basic concepts of electrical power generation |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 02
AC and DC transmission concepts |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 03
Models and performance of transmission lines and cables |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 04
Series and shunt compensation |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 05
Electric field distribution and insulators |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 06
Distribution systems |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 07
Per‐unit quantities |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 08
Bus admittance matrix |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 09
Gauss-Seidel and Newton-Raphson load flow methods |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 10
Voltage and frequency control |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 11
Power factor correction |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 12
Symmetrical components |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 13
Symmetrical and unsymmetrical fault analysis |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 14
Principles of over‐current |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 15
Differential |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 16
Directional and distance protection |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 17
Circuit breakers |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 18
System stability concepts |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 19
Equal area criterion |
|---|
Power systems: Unit 20
Economic load dispatch (with and without considering transmission losses) |
|---|
Control systems
Control systems: Unit 01
Mathematical modeling and representation of systems |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 02
Feedback principle |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 03
Transfer function |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 04
Block diagrams and signal flow graphs |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 05
Transient and steady‐state analysis of linear time invariant systems |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 06
Stability analysis using Routh-Hurwitz and Nyquist criteria |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 07
Bode plots |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 08
Root loci |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 09
Lag |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 10
Lead and lead‐lag compensators |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 11
P, PI and PID controllers |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 12
State space model |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 13
Solution of state equations of LTI systems |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 14
R.M.S. value |
|---|
Control systems: Unit 15
Average value calculation for any general periodic waveform |
|---|
Electrical and electronic measurements
Electrical and electronic measurements: Unit 01
Bridges and potentiometers |
|---|
Electrical and electronic measurements: Unit 02
Measurement of voltage |
|---|
Electrical and electronic measurements: Unit 03
Current |
|---|
Electrical and electronic measurements: Unit 04
Power |
|---|
Electrical and electronic measurements: Unit 05
Energy and power factor |
|---|
Electrical and electronic measurements: Unit 06
Instrument transformers |
|---|
Electrical and electronic measurements: Unit 07
Digital voltmeters and multimeters |
|---|
Electrical and electronic measurements: Unit 08
Phase |
|---|
Electrical and electronic measurements: Unit 09
Time and frequency measurement |
|---|
Electrical and electronic measurements: Unit 10
Oscilloscopes |
|---|
Electrical and electronic measurements: Unit 11
Error analysis |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 01
Simple diode circuits |
|---|
| Clipping, clamping, rectifiers |
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 02
Amplifiers |
|---|
| Biasing, equivalent circuit and frequency response |
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 03
Oscillators and feedback amplifiers |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 04
Operational amplifiers |
|---|
| characteristics and applications |
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 05
Single stage active filters |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 06
Sallen Key |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 07
Butterworth |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 08
VCOs and timers |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 09
Combinatorial and sequential logic circuits |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 10
Multiplexers |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 11
Demultiplexers |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 12
Schmitt triggers |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 13
Sample and hold circuits |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 14
A/D and D/A converters |
|---|
Power electronics
Power electronics: Unit 01
Static V-I characteristics and firing/ gating circuits for thyristor |
|---|
Power electronics: Unit 02
MOSFET |
|---|
Power electronics: Unit 03
IGBT |
|---|
Power electronics: Unit 04
DC to DC conversion |
|---|
| Buck, boost, and buck-boost converters |
Power electronics: Unit 05
Single and three-phase configuration of uncontrolled rectifiers |
|---|
Power electronics: Unit 06
Voltage and current commutated thyristor based converters |
|---|
Power electronics: Unit 07
Bidirectional AC to DC voltage source converters |
|---|
Power electronics: Unit 08
Magnitude and phase of line current harmonics for uncontrolled and thyristor based converters |
|---|
Power electronics: Unit 09
Power factor and distortion factor of AC to DC converters |
|---|
Power electronics: Unit 10
Single-phase and three-phase voltage and current source inverters |
|---|
Power electronics: Unit 11
Sinusoidal pulse width modulation |
|---|
GATE Geology and Geophysics Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Common section
Common section: Unit 01
Earth and planetary system |
|---|
| Terrestrial planets and moons of the solar system; size, shape, internal structure and composition of the earth; concept of isostasy; elements of seismology-body and surface waves, propagation of body waves in the earth’s interior |
| Heat flow within the earth; gravitational field of the Earth; geomagnetism and paleomagnetism; continental drift; plate tectonics-relationship with earthquakes, volcanism and mountain building; continental and oceanic crust |
| Composition, structure, and thickness |
Common section: Unit 02
Weathering and soil formation |
|---|
Common section: Unit 03
Landforms created by river, wind, glacier, ocean, and volcanoes |
|---|
Common section: Unit 04
Basic structural geology |
|---|
| Stress, strain and material response; brittle and ductile deformation; nomenclature and classification of folds and faults |
Common section: Unit 05
Crystallography |
|---|
| Basic crystal symmetry and concept of point groups |
| Mineralogy-silicate crystal structure and determinative mineralogy of common rock forming minerals |
Common section: Unit 06
Petrology of common igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks |
|---|
Common section: Unit 07
Geological time scale |
|---|
Common section: Unit 08
Geochronology and absolute time |
|---|
Common section: Unit 09
Stratigraphic principles |
|---|
Common section: Unit 10
Major stratigraphic divisions of India |
|---|
Common section: Unit 11
Mineral, coal, and petroleum resources of India |
|---|
Common section: Unit 12
Introduction to remote sensing |
|---|
Common section: Unit 13
Engineering properties of rocks and soils |
|---|
Common section: Unit 14
Elements of hydrogeology |
|---|
Common section: Unit 15
Principles and applications of gravity, magnetic, electrical, electromagnetic, seismic, and radiometric methods of prospecting for oil, mineral, and ground water |
|---|
Common section: Unit 16
Introductory well logging |
|---|
Geology
Geology: Unit 01
Geomorphology |
|---|
| Geomorphic processes and agents; development and evolution of landforms in continental, and oceanic settings; tectonic geomorphology |
Geology: Unit 02
Structural geology |
|---|
| Forces and mechanism of rock deformation; primary and secondary structures; geometry and genesis of planar, and linear structures (bedding, cleavage, schistosity, lineation); folds, faults, joints, and unconformities; stereographic projection; shear zones |
| Thrusts and superposed folding; basement-cover relationship |
| Interpretation of geological maps |
Geology: Unit 03
Crystallography and mineralogy |
|---|
| Elements of crystal symmetry, form and twinning; crystallographic projection; crystal chemistry; classification of minerals, physical and optical properties of rock-forming minerals |
Geology: Unit 04
Geochemistry |
|---|
| Cosmic abundance of elements; meteorites; geochemical evolution of the earth; geochemical cycles; distribution of major, minor, and trace elements in crust and mantle; elements of high temperature and low temperature geochemical thermodynamics |
| Isotopic evolution of the crust and the mantle, mantle reservoirs; geochemistry of water and water-rock interaction |
Geology: Unit 05
Igneous petrology |
|---|
| Classification, forms, textures, and genesis of common igneous rocks; magmatic differentiation; binary and ternary phase diagrams; major and trace elements as monitors of partial melting and magma evolutionary processes |
| Mantle plumes, hotspots, and large igneous provinces |
Geology: Unit 06
Sedimentology |
|---|
| Texture, structure, and sedimentary processes; petrology of common sedimentary rocks; sedimentary facies and environments, cyclicities in sedimentary succession; provencance and basin analysis |
| Important sedimentary basins of India |
Geology: Unit 07
Metamorphic petrology |
|---|
| Structures and textures of metamorphic rocks |
| Physicochemical conditions of metamorphism and concept of metamorphic facies, grade and baric types; chemographic projections; metamorphism of pelitic, mafic and impure carbonate rocks; role of bulk composition including fluids in metamorphism |
| Thermobarometry and metamorphic P-T-t paths, and their tectonic significance |
Geology: Unit 08
Paleobiology |
|---|
| Diversity of life through time, mass extinctions-causes and effects; taphonomy-processes of fossilization |
| Taxonomy |
| Morphology and functional morphology of invertebrates (bivalves, brachiopods, gastropods, echinoids, ammonites); microfossils (foraminifera, ostracoda, conodonts, bryozoa); vertebrate paleonology (equus, probicidea, human) |
| Paleobotany (plant, spores, pollens) |
| Basic concepts of ecology/ paleoecology; classification-ecological and taxonomic schemes (diversity and richness) |
| Fossils and paleoenvironments |
Geology: Unit 09
Stratigraphy |
|---|
| Principles of stratigraphy and concepts of correlation; lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and chronostratigraphy |
| Principles of sequence stratigraphy and applications |
| Stratigraphy of peninsular and extra-peninsular India |
| Boundary problems in Indian stratigraphy |
Geology: Unit 10
Resource geology |
|---|
| Ore-mineralogy; ore forming processes vis-à-vis ore-rock association (magmatic, hydrothermal, sedimentary, supergene and metamorphogenic ores); fluid inclusions as ore genetic tools |
| Coal and petroleum geology; marine mineral resources |
| Prospecting and exploration of economic mineral deposits-sampling, ore reserve estimation, geostatistics, mining methods |
| Ore dressing and mineral economics |
| Distribution of mineral, fossil, and nuclear fuel deposits in India |
Geology: Unit 11
Global tectonics |
|---|
| Plate motions, driving mechanisms, plate boundaries, supercontinent cycles |
Geology: Unit 12
Applied geology |
|---|
| Physicomechanical properties of rocks and soils; rock index tests; rock failure criteria (Mohr-Coulomb, Griffith, and Hoek-Brown criteria); shear strength of rock discontinuities; rock mass classifications (RMR and Q Systems); in-situ stresses |
| Rocks as construction materials; geological factors in the construction of engineering structures including dams, tunnels, and excavation sites |
| Analysis of slope stability |
Geology: Unit 13
Natural hazards (landslide, volcanic, seismogenic, coastal) and mitigation |
|---|
Geology: Unit 14
Principles of climate change Hydrogeology |
|---|
| Groundwater flow and exploration, well hydraulics and water quality |
Geology: Unit 15
Basic principles of remote sensing |
|---|
| Energy sources and radiation principles, atmospheric absorption, interaction of energy with earth's surface, aerial-photo interpretation, multispectral remote sensing in visible, infrared, thermal IR and microwave regions |
| Digital processing of satellite images |
| GIS-basic concepts, raster and vector mode operations |
Geophysics
Geophysics: Unit 01
Solid-earth geophysics |
|---|
| The earth as a planet; different motions of the earth; gravity field of the earth, Clairaut's theorem, size and shape of earth; geomagnetic field, paleomagnetism; geothermics and heat flow; seismology and interior of the earth; variation of density |
| Velocity, pressure, temperature, electrical and magnetic properties of the earth |
Geophysics: Unit 02
Geodesy |
|---|
| Gravitational field of the earth; geoid; ellipsoid; geodetic reference systems; datum; Everest (1830) and WGS 84 (1984) systems; GPS and DGPS; levelling and surveying |
Geophysics: Unit 03
Earthquake Seismology |
|---|
| Elements of elasticity theory-stress and strain tensors, generalized Hooke's law; body and surface waves; rotational, dilatational, irrotational, and equivolumnal waves |
| Reflection and refraction of elastic waves; inhomogeneous and evanescent waves, and bounded waves; Eikonal equation and ray theory; earthquakes causes and measurements, magnitude and intensity, focal mechanisms; earthquake quantification |
| Source characteristics, seismotectonics, and seismic hazards; digital seismographs, earthquake statistics, wave propagation in elastic media, quantifying earthquake source from seismological data |
| Elements of seismic tomography |
Geophysics: Unit 04
Potential and time varying fields |
|---|
| Scalar and vector potential fields; Laplace, Maxwell, and Helmholtz equations for solution of different types of boundary value problems in Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical polar coordinates; Green's theorem; image theory |
| Integral equations in potential and time-varying field theory |
Geophysics: Unit 05
Gravity methods |
|---|
| Absolute and relative gravity measurements; gravimeters; land, airborne, shipborne, and bore-hole gravity surveys; tensorial gravity sensors and surveys; various corrections for gravity data reduction-free air, Bouguer, and isostatic anomalies |
| Density estimates of rocks; regional and residual gravity separation; principle of equivalent stratum; data enhancement techniques, upward and downward continuation; derivative maps, wavelength filtering; preparation and analysis of gravity maps |
| Gravity anomalies and their interpretation-anomalies due to geometrical and irregular shaped bodies, depth rules, calculation of mass |
Geophysics: Unit 06
Magnetic methods |
|---|
| Elements of Earth's magnetic field, units of measurement, magnetic susceptibility of rocks and measurements, magnetometers, and magnetic gradiometers, land, airborne and marine magnetic, and magnetic gradiometer surveys |
| Various corrections applied to magnetic data, IGRF, reduction to Pole transformation, Poisson's relation of gravity, and magnetic potential field, preparation of magnetic maps, upward and downward continuation |
| Magnetic anomalies due to geometrical and irregular shaped bodies; image processing concepts in processing of magnetic anomaly maps; depth rules; interpretation of processed magnetic anomaly data; derivative |
| Analytic signal and Euler depth solutions |
| Applications of gravity and magnetic methods for mineral, and oil exploration |
Geophysics: Unit 07
Electrical methods |
|---|
| Conduction of electricity through rocks, electrical conductivities of metals, non-metals, rock forming minerals and different rocks, concepts of DC resistivity measurement and depth of investigation; apparent resistivity and apparent chargeability |
| Concept of negative apparent resistivity and negative apparent chargeability; theory of reciprocity, sounding and profiling, various electrode arrangements, application of linear filter theory, sounding curves over multi-layered earth |
| Dar-Zarrouk parameters, reduction of layers, triangle of anisotropy, interpretation of resistivity field data, principles of equivalence and suppression, self-potential method and its origin; electrical resistivity tomography (ERT); induced polarization |
| Time and frequency domain IP measurements; interpretation and applications of SP, resistivity and IP data sets for ground-water exploration, mineral exploration, environmental and engineering applications |
Geophysics: Unit 08
Electromagnetic methods |
|---|
| Geoelectromagnetic spectrum; Biot Savart's law; Maxwell's equation, Helmholtz equation, basic concept of EM induction in the earth, skin-depth, elliptic polarization, in-phase and quadrature components, phasor diagrams |
| Response function and response parameters; ground and airborne methods, measurements in different source-receiver configurations; Earth's natural electromagnetic methods-tellurics, geomagnetic depth sounding and magnetotellurics |
| Electromagnetic profiling and sounding, time domain EM method; EM scale modelling, processing of EM data and interpretation; ground penetrating radar (GPR) methods; effect of conducting overburden; geological applications including groundwater |
| Mineral environmental and hydrocarbon exploration |
Geophysics: Unit 09
Seismic methods |
|---|
| Elastic properties of earth materials; reflection, refraction, and CDP surveys; land and marine seismic sources, generation, and propagation of elastic waves, velocity-depth models, geophones, hydrophones, digital recording systems, digital formats |
| Field layouts, seismic noise, and noise profile analysis, optimum geophone grouping, noise cancellation by shot and geophone arrays, 2D, 3D, and 4D seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation; CDP stacking charts, binning, filtering |
| Static and dynamic corrections, digital seismic data processing, seismic deconvolution and migration methods, attribute analysis, bright and dim spots, seismic stratigraphy, high resolution seismics, VSP, AVO, multi |
| Component seismics and seismic interferometry |
| Reservoir geophysics-rock physics and petrophysics |
| Geophysical survey design |
Geophysics: Unit 10
Geophysical signal processing |
|---|
| Sampling theorem, Nyquist frequency, aliasing, Fourier series, periodic waveform, Fourier and Hilbert transform, Z-transform and wavelet transform; power spectrum, delta function, auto correlation, cross correlation, convolution, deconvolution |
| Principles of digital filters, windows, poles, and zeros |
Geophysics: Unit 11
Geophysical well logging |
|---|
| Principles and techniques of geophysical well-logging, SP, resistivity, induction, gamma ray, neutron, density, sonic, temperature, dip meter, caliper, nuclear magnetic resonance-longitudinal and transverse relaxation, CPMG sequence |
| Porosity characterization, cement bond logging, micro-logs |
| Pulsed neutron devices and spectroscopy; multi-array and triaxial induction devices; quantitative evaluation of formations from well logs; logging while drilling; high angle and horizontal wells; clay quantification; lithology and porosity estimation |
| Saturation and permeability estimation; application of bore hole geophysics in ground water, mineral, and oil exploration |
Geophysics: Unit 12
Radioactive methods |
|---|
| Prospecting and assaying of mineral (radioactive and non-radioactive) deposits, half-life, decay constant, radioactive equilibrium, GM counter, scintillation detector, semiconductor devices, application of radiometric for exploration |
| Assaying and radioactive waste disposal |
Geophysics: Unit 13
Geophysical Inversion |
|---|
| Basic concepts of forward and inverse problems, ill-posedness of inverse problems, condition number, non-uniqueness and stability of solutions; L1, L2, and Lp norms, overdetermined, underdetermined, and mixed determined inverse problems |
| Quasi-linear and non-linear methods including Tikhonov's regularization method, singular value decomposition, Backus-Gilbert method, simulated annealing, genetic algorithms, swarm intelligence, machine learning, and artificial neural networks |
| Statistics of misfit and likelihood, Bayesian construction of posterior probabilities, sparsity promoting L1 optimization |
| Ambiguity and uncertainty in geophysical interpretation |
GATE Instrumentation Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Matrix algebra, systems of linear equations, consistency and rank, eigen values and eigen vectors |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Mean value theorems, theorems of integral calculus, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, multiple integrals, Fourier series, vector identities, line, surface and volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green's theorems |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Differential equations |
|---|
| First order equation (linear and nonlinear), second order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, method of variation of parameters, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, initial and boundary value problems |
| Solution of partial differential equations: variable separable method |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Analysis of complex variables |
|---|
| Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem and integral formula, Taylor's and Laurent's series, residue theorem, solution of integrals |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Sampling theorems, conditional probability, mean, median, mode, standard deviation and variance; random variables: Discrete and continuous distributions: Normal, Poisson and binomial distributions |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
Numerical methods |
|---|
| Matrix inversion, solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, iterative methods for solving differential equations, numerical integration, regression and correlation analysis |
Instrumentation engineering
Instrumentation engineering: Unit 01
Electricity and magnetism |
|---|
| Coulomb's law, electric field intensity, electric flux density, Gauss's law, divergence, electric field and potential due to point, line, plane and spherical charge distributions, effect of dielectric medium, capacitance of simple configurations |
| Biot‐Savart's law, Ampere's law, Curl, Faraday's law, Lorentz force, inductance, magnetomotive force, reluctance, magnetic circuits, self and mutual inductance of simple configurations |
Instrumentation engineering: Unit 02
Electrical circuits and machines |
|---|
| Voltage and current sources: Independent, dependent, ideal and practical; V-I relationships of resistor, inductor, mutual inductance and capacitor; transient analysis of RLC circuits with DC excitation |
| Kirchhoff's laws, mesh and nodal analysis, superposition, Thevenin, Norton, maximum power transfer and reciprocity theorems |
| Peak-, average- and RMS values of ac quantities; apparent-, active- and reactive powers; phasor analysis, impedance and admittance; series and parallel resonance, locus diagrams, realization of basic filters with R, L and C elements |
| Transient analysis of RLC circuits with AC excitation |
| One-port and two-port networks, driving point impedance and admittance, open-, and short circuit parameters |
| Single phase transformer: Equivalent circuit, phasor diagram, open circuit and short circuit tests, regulation and efficiency |
| Three phase induction motors: Principle of operation, types, performance, torque-speed characteristics, no-load and blocked rotor tests, equivalent circuit, starting and speed control; types of losses and efficiency calculations of electric machines |
Instrumentation engineering: Unit 03
Signals and systems |
|---|
| Periodic, aperiodic and impulse signals; Laplace, Fourier and z-transforms; transfer function, frequency response of first and second order linear time invariant systems, impulse response of systems; convolution, correlation |
| Discrete time system: Impulse response, frequency response, pulse transfer function; DFT and FFT; basics of IIR and FIR filters |
Instrumentation engineering: Unit 04
Control systems |
|---|
| Feedback principles, signal flow graphs, transient response, steady-state-errors, Bode plot, phase and gain margins, Routh and Nyquist criteria, root loci, design of lead, lag and lead-lag compensators, state-space representation of systems |
| Time-delay systems; mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic system components, synchro pair, servo and stepper motors, servo valves; on-off, P, PI, PID, cascade, feedforward, and ratio controllers, tuning of PID controllers and sizing of control valves |
Instrumentation engineering: Unit 05
Analog electronics |
|---|
| Characteristics and applications of diode, Zener diode, BJT and MOSFET; small signal analysis of transistor circuits, feedback amplifiers |
| Characteristics of ideal and practical operational amplifiers; applications of opamps: Adder, subtractor, integrator, differentiator, difference amplifier, instrumentation amplifier, precision rectifier, active filters, oscillators, signal generators |
| Voltage controlled oscillators and phase locked loop, sources and effects of noise and interference in electronic circuits |
Instrumentation engineering: Unit 06
Digital electronics |
|---|
| Combinational logic circuits, minimization of boolean functions |
| IC families: TTL and CMOS |
| Arithmetic circuits, comparators, Schmitt trigger, multi-vibrators, sequential circuits, flipflops, shift registers, timers and counters; sample-and-hold circuit, multiplexer |
| Analog-to-digital (successive approximation, integrating, flash and sigma-delta) and digital-to-analog converters (weighted R, R-2R ladder and current steering logic) |
| Characteristics of ADC and DAC (resolution, quantization, significant bits, conversion/ settling time); basics of number systems, embedded Systems: Microprocessor and microcontroller applications, memory and input-output interfacing |
| Basics of data acquisition systems, basics of distributed control systems (DCS) and programmable logic controllers (PLC) |
Instrumentation engineering: Unit 07
Measurements |
|---|
| SI units, standards (R,L,C, voltage, current and frequency), systematic and random errors in measurement, expression of uncertainty - accuracy and precision, propagation of errors, linear and weighted regression |
| Bridges: Wheatstone, Kelvin, Megohm, Maxwell, Anderson, Schering and Wien for measurement of R, L, C and frequency, Q-meter |
| Measurement of voltage, current and power in single and three phase circuits; AC and DC current probes; true RMS meters, voltage and current scaling, instrument transformers, timer/counter, time, phase and frequency measurements, digital voltmeter |
| Digital multimeter; oscilloscope, shielding and grounding |
Instrumentation engineering: Unit 08
Sensors and industrial instrumentation |
|---|
| Resistive-, capacitive-, inductive-, piezoelectric-, Hall effect sensors and associated signal conditioning circuits; transducers for industrial instrumentation: Displacement (linear and angular), velocity, acceleration, force, torque, vibration, shock |
| Pressure (including low pressure), flow (variable head, variable area, electromagnetic, ultrasonic, turbine and open channel flow meters) temperature (thermocouple, bolometer, RTD (3/4 wire), thermistor, pyrometer and semiconductor); liquid level, Ph |
| Conductivity and viscosity measurement |
| 4-20 mA two-wire transmitter |
Instrumentation engineering: Unit 09
Communication and optical instrumentation |
|---|
| Amplitude- and frequency modulation and demodulation; Shannon's sampling theorem, pulse code modulation; frequency and time division multiplexing, amplitude-, phase-, frequency-, quadrature amplitude, pulse shift keying for digital modulation |
| Optical sources and detectors: LED, laser, photo-diode, light dependent resistor, square law detectors and their characteristics; interferometer: Applications in metrology; basics of fiber optic sensing |
| UV-VIS spectro photometers, mass spectrometer |
GATE Mathematics Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Mathematics
Mathematics: Unit 01
Calculus |
|---|
| Functions of two or more variables, continuity, directional derivatives, partial derivatives, total derivative, maxima and minima, saddle point, method of Lagrange’s multipliers; double and triple integrals and their applications to area |
| Volume and surface area; vector calculus: Gradient, divergence, and curl, line integrals and surface integrals, Green's theorem, Stokes' theorem, and Gauss divergence theorem |
Mathematics: Unit 02
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Finite dimensional vector spaces over real or complex fields; linear transformations and their matrix representations, rank and nullity; systems of linear equations, characteristic polynomial, eigen values and eigen vectors, diagonalization |
| Minimal polynomial, Cayley-Hamilton theorem, finite dimensional inner product spaces, Gram-Schmidt orthonormalization process, symmetric, skew-symmetric, Hermitian, skew-Hermitian, normal, orthogonal and unitary matrices |
| Diagonalization by a unitary matrix, Jordan canonical form; bilinear and quadratic forms |
Mathematics: Unit 03
Real analysis |
|---|
| Metric spaces, connectedness, compactness, completeness; sequences and series of functions, uniform convergence, Ascoli-Arzela theorem; weier strass approximation theorem; contraction mapping principle, power series |
| Differentiation of functions of several variables, inverse and Implicit function theorems; Lebesgue measure on the real line, measurable functions; Lebesgue integral, Fatou’s lemma, monotone convergence theorem, dominated convergence theorem |
Mathematics: Unit 04
Complex analysis |
|---|
| Functions of a complex variable: Continuity, differentiability, analytic functions, harmonic functions; Complex integration: Cauchy's integral theorem and formula; Liouville's theorem, maximum modulus principle, Morera's theorem; zeros and singularities |
| Power series, radius of convergence, Taylor's series and Laurent's series; residue theorem and applications for evaluating real integrals; Rouche's theorem, argument principle, Schwarz lemma; conformal mappings, Mobius transformations |
Mathematics: Unit 05
Ordinary differential equations |
|---|
| First order ordinary differential equations, existence and uniqueness theorems for initial value problems, linear ordinary differential equations of higher order with constant coefficients |
| Second order linear ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients; Cauchy-Euler equation, method of Laplace transforms for solving ordinary differential equations, series solutions (power series, Frobenius method) |
| Legendre and Bessel functions and their orthogonal properties; systems of linear first order ordinary differential equations, Sturm's oscillation and separation theorems, Sturm-Liouville eigen value problems |
| Planar autonomous systems of ordinary differential equations: Stability of stationary points for linear systems with constant coefficients, linearized stability, Lyapunov functions |
Mathematics: Unit 06
Algebra |
|---|
| Groups, subgroups, normal subgroups, quotient groups, homomorphisms, automorphisms; cyclic groups, permutation groups, group action, Sylow's theorems and their applications; rings, ideals, prime and maximal ideals, quotient rings |
| Unique factorization domains, principle ideal domains, euclidean domains, polynomial rings, Eisenstein's irreducibility criterion; fields, finite fields, field extensions, algebraic extensions, algebraically closed fields |
Mathematics: Unit 07
Functional analysis |
|---|
| Normed linear spaces, banach spaces, Hahn-Banach theorem, open mapping and closed graph theorems, principle of uniform boundedness; inner-product spaces, Hilbert spaces, orthonormal bases, projection theorem, Riesz representation theorem |
| Spectral theorem for compact self-adjoint operators |
Mathematics: Unit 08
Numerical analysis |
|---|
| Systems of linear equations: Direct methods (Gaussian elimination, LU decomposition, Cholesky factorization), iterative methods (Gauss-Seidel and Jacobi) and their convergence for diagonally dominant coefficient matrices |
| Numerical solutions of nonlinear equations: Bisection method, secant method, Newton-Raphson method, fixed point iteration; interpolation: Lagrange and Newton forms of interpolating polynomial, error in polynomial interpolation of a function |
| Numerical differentiation and error, numerical integration: Trapezoidal and Simpson rules, Newton-Cotes integration formulas, composite rules, mathematical errors involved in numerical integration formulae |
| Numerical solution of initial value problems for ordinary differential equations: Methods of Euler, Runge-Kutta method of order 2 |
Mathematics: Unit 09
Partial differential equations |
|---|
| Method of characteristics for first order linear and quasilinear partial differential equations; second order partial differential equations in two independent variables: Classification and canonical forms |
| Second order partial differential equations in two independent variables: Method of separation of variables for Laplace equation in Cartesian and polar coordinates, heat and wave equations in one space variable |
| Wave equation: Cauchy problem and D' Alembert formula, domains of dependence and influence, non-homogeneous wave equation; heat equation: Cauchy problem; Laplace and Fourier transform methods |
Mathematics: Unit 10
Topology |
|---|
| Basic concepts of topology, bases, subbases, subspace topology, order topology, product topology, quotient topology, metric topology, connectedness, compactness, countability and separation axioms, Urysohn's Lemma |
Mathematics: Unit 11
Linear programming |
|---|
| Linear programming models, convex sets, extreme points; basic feasible solution, graphical method, simplex method, two phase methods, revised simplex method ; infeasible and unbounded linear programming models, alternate optima; duality theory |
| Weak duality and strong duality; balanced and unbalanced transportation problems, initial basic feasible solution of balanced transportation problems (least cost method, north-west corner rule, Vogel’s approximation method); optimal solution |
| Modified distribution method; solving assignment problems, hungarian method |
GATE Mechanical Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Matrix algebra, systems of linear equations, eigen values and eigen vectors |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Functions of single variable, limit, continuity, and differentiability, mean value theorems, indeterminate forms; evaluation of definite and improper integrals; double and triple integrals; partial derivatives, total derivative |
| Taylor series (in one and two variables), maxima and minima, Fourier series; gradient, divergence, and curl, vector identities, directional derivatives, line, surface and volume integrals, applications of Gauss, Stokes, and Green's theorems |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Differential equations |
|---|
| First order equations (linear and nonlinear); higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients; Euler-Cauchy equation; initial and boundary value problems; Laplace transforms; solutions of heat, wave and Laplace's equations |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Complex variables |
|---|
| Analytic functions; Cauchy-Riemann equations; Cauchy's integral theorem and integral formula; Taylor and Laurent series |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Definitions of probability, sampling theorems, conditional probability; mean, median, mode, and standard deviation; random variables, binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
Numerical methods |
|---|
| Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations; integration by trapezoidal and Simpson's rules; single and multi-step methods for differential equations |
Applied mechanics and design
Applied mechanics and design: Unit 01
Engineering mechanics |
|---|
| Free-body diagrams and equilibrium; friction and its applications including rolling friction, belt-pulley, brakes, clutches, screw jack, wedge, vehicles, etc; trusses and frames; virtual work; kinematics and dynamics of rigid bodies in plane motion |
| Impulse and momentum (linear and angular), and energy formulations; Lagrange's equation |
Applied mechanics and design: Unit 02
Mechanics of materials |
|---|
| Stress and strain, elastic constants, Poisson's ratio; Mohr's circle for plane stress and plane strain; thin cylinders; shear force and bending moment diagrams; bending and shear stresses; concept of shear centre; deflection of beams |
| Torsion of circular shafts; Euler's theory of columns; energy methods; thermal stresses; strain gauges and rosettes; testing of materials with universal testing machine; testing of hardness and impact strength |
Applied mechanics and design: Unit 03
Theory of machines |
|---|
| Displacement, velocity, and acceleration analysis of plane mechanisms; dynamic analysis of linkages; cams; gears and gear trains; flywheels and governors; balancing of reciprocating and rotating masses; gyroscope |
Applied mechanics and design: Unit 04
Vibrations |
|---|
| Free and forced vibration of single degree of freedom systems, effect of damping; vibration isolation; resonance; critical speeds of shafts |
Applied mechanics and design: Unit 05
Machine design |
|---|
| Design for static and dynamic loading; failure theories; fatigue strength and the S-N diagram; principles of the design of machine elements such as bolted, riveted and welded joints; shafts, gears, rolling and sliding contact bearings |
| Brakes and clutches, springs |
Fluid mechanics and thermal sciences
Fluid mechanics and thermal sciences: Unit 01
Fluid mechanics |
|---|
| Fluid properties; fluid statics, forces on submerged bodies, stability of floating bodies; control-volume analysis of mass, momentum, and energy; fluid acceleration; differential equations of continuity and momentum; Bernoulli's equation |
| Dimensional analysis; viscous flow of incompressible fluids, boundary layer, elementary turbulent flow, flow through pipes, head losses in pipes, bends, and fittings; basics of compressible fluid flow |
Fluid mechanics and thermal sciences: Unit 02
Heat-transfer |
|---|
| Modes of heat transfer; one dimensional heat conduction, resistance concept and electrical analogy, heat transfer through fins; unsteady heat conduction, lumped parameter system, Heisler's charts; thermal boundary layer |
| Dimensionless parameters in free and forced convective heat transfer, heat transfer correlations for flow over flat plates and through pipes, effect of turbulence; heat exchanger performance, LMTD and NTU methods; radiative heat transfer |
| Stefan-Boltzmann law, Wien's displacement law, black and grey surfaces, view factors, radiation network analysis |
Fluid mechanics and thermal sciences: Unit 03
Thermodynamics |
|---|
| Thermodynamic systems and processes; properties of pure substances, behaviour of ideal and real gases; zeroth and first laws of thermodynamics, calculation of work and heat in various processes; second law of thermodynamics |
| thermodynamic property charts and tables, availability and irreversibility; thermodynamic relations |
Fluid mechanics and thermal sciences: Unit 04
Applications |
|---|
| Power engineering: Air and gas compressors; vapour and gas power cycles, concepts of regeneration and reheat |
| IC engines: Air-standard Otto, diesel, and dual cycles |
| Refrigeration and air-conditioning: Vapour and gas refrigeration and heat pump cycles; properties of moist air, psychrometric chart, basic psychrometric processes |
| Turbomachinery: Impulse and reaction principles, velocity diagrams, pelton-wheel, Francis and Kaplan turbines; steam and gas turbines |
Materials, manufacturing and industrial engineering
Materials, manufacturing and industrial engineering: Unit 01
Engineering materials |
|---|
| Structure and properties of engineering materials, phase diagrams, heat treatment, stress-strain diagrams for engineering materials |
Materials, manufacturing and industrial engineering: Unit 02
Casting, forming, and joining processes |
|---|
| Different types of castings, design of patterns, moulds and cores; solidification and cooling; riser and gating design |
| Plastic deformation and yield criteria; fundamentals of hot and cold working processes; load estimation for bulk (forging, rolling, extrusion, drawing) and sheet (shearing, deep drawing, bending) metal forming processes; principles of powder metallurgy |
| Principles of welding, brazing, soldering, and adhesive bonding |
Materials, manufacturing and industrial engineering: Unit 03
Machining and machine tool operations |
|---|
| Mechanics of machining; basic machine tools; single and multi-point cutting tools, tool geometry and materials, tool life and wear; economics of machining; principles of non-traditional machining processes; principles of work holding, jigs, and fixtures |
| Abrasive machining processes; NC/ CNC machines and CNC programming |
Materials, manufacturing and industrial engineering: Unit 04
Metrology and inspection |
|---|
| Limits, fits, and tolerances; linear and angular measurements; comparators; interferometry; form and finish measurement; alignment and testing methods; tolerance analysis in manufacturing and assembly; concepts of coordinate-measuring machine (CMM) |
Materials, manufacturing and industrial engineering: Unit 05
Computer integrated manufacturing |
|---|
| Basic concepts of CAD/ CAM and their integration tools; additive manufacturing |
Materials, manufacturing and industrial engineering: Unit 06
Production planning and control |
|---|
| Forecasting models, aggregate production planning, scheduling, materials requirement planning; lean manufacturing |
Materials, manufacturing and industrial engineering: Unit 07
Inventory control |
|---|
| Deterministic models; safety stock inventory control systems |
Materials, manufacturing and industrial engineering: Unit 08
Operations research |
|---|
| Linear programming, simplex method, transportation, assignment, network flow models, simple queuing models, PERT and CPM |
GATE Metallurgical Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Matrices and determinants; systems of linear equations; eigen values and eigen vectors |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Limit, continuity, and differentiability; partial derivatives; maxima and minima; sequences and series; test for convergence; Fourier series |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Vector calculus |
|---|
| Gradient; divergence and curl; line; surface and volume integrals; Stokes, Gauss, and Green's theorems |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Differential equations |
|---|
| Linear and non-linear first order ODEs; higher order linear ODEs with constant coefficients; Cauchy's and Euler's equations; Laplace transforms; PDEs-Laplace, one dimensional heat, and wave equations |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Definitions of probability and sampling theorems, conditional probability, mean, median, mode, and standard deviation; random variables; Poisson, normal, and binomial distributions; analysis of experimental data; linear least squares method |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
Numerical methods |
|---|
| Solutions of linear and non-linear (bisection, secant, Newton-Raphson methods) algebraic equations; integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s rule; single and multi-step methods for differential equations |
Metallurgical thermodynamics
Metallurgical thermodynamics: Unit 01
Laws of thermodynamics |
|---|
| First law-energy conservation, second law-entropy; enthalpy, Gibbs and Helmholtz free energy; Maxwell's relations; chemical potential; applications to metallurgical systems, solutions, ideal and regular solutions; Gibbs phase rule, phase equilibrium |
| Binary phase diagram and lever rule, free-energy vs. composition diagrams; equilibrium constant, activity, Ellingham, and phase stability diagrams; thermodynamics of point defects, surfaces and interfaces, adsorption and segregation phenomena |
Metallurgical thermodynamics: Unit 02
Electrochemistry |
|---|
| Single electrode potential, electrochemical cells, Nernst equation, potential-pH diagrams |
Transport phenomena and rate processes
Transport phenomena and rate processes: Unit 01
Momentum transfer |
|---|
| Concept of viscosity, shell balances, Bernoulli's equation, mechanical energy balance equation, flow past plane surfaces and through pipes |
Transport phenomena and rate processes: Unit 02
Heat transfer |
|---|
| Conduction, Fourier's law, 1-D steady state conduction |
Transport phenomena and rate processes: Unit 03
Convection |
|---|
| Heat transfer coefficient relations for forced convection |
Transport phenomena and rate processes: Unit 04
Radiation |
|---|
| Black body radiation, Stefan-Boltzmann law, Kirchhoff's law |
Transport phenomena and rate processes: Unit 05
Mass transfer |
|---|
| Diffusion and Fick's laws, mass transfer coefficients |
Transport phenomena and rate processes: Unit 06
Dimensional analysis |
|---|
| Buckingham Pi theorem, significance of dimensionless numbers |
Transport phenomena and rate processes: Unit 07
Basic laws of chemical kinetics |
|---|
| First order reactions, reaction rate constant, Arrhenius relation, heterogeneous reactions, oxidation kinetics |
Transport phenomena and rate processes: Unit 08
Electrochemical kinetics |
|---|
| Polarization |
Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy
Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy: Unit 01
Comminution techniques |
|---|
Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy: Unit 02
Size classification |
|---|
Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy: Unit 03
Flotation |
|---|
Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy: Unit 04
Gravity and other methods of mineral beneficiation |
|---|
Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy: Unit 05
Agglomeration |
|---|
| Sintering, pelletizing, and briquetting |
Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy: Unit 06
Material and energy balances in metallurgical processes |
|---|
Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy: Unit 07
Principles and processes for the extraction of non-ferrous metals-aluminium, copper, and titanium |
|---|
Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy: Unit 08
Iron and steel making |
|---|
| Material and heat balance in blast furnace; structure and properties of slags, and molten salts-basicity of slags, sulphide, and phosphate capacity of slags; production of metallurgical coke |
Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy: Unit 09
Other methods of iron making (COREX, MIDRE) |
|---|
Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy: Unit 10
Primary steel making |
|---|
| Basic oxygen furnace, process dynamics, oxidation reactions, electric arc furnace |
Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy: Unit 11
Secondary steel making |
|---|
| Ladle process-deoxidation, argon stirring, desulphurization, inclusion shape control, principles of degassing methods; basics of stainless steel manufacturing |
Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy: Unit 12
Continuous casting |
|---|
| Fluid flow in the tundish and mould, heat transfer in the mould, segregation, inclusion control |
Physical metallurgy
Physical metallurgy: Unit 01
Chemical bonding |
|---|
| Ionic, covalent, metallic, and secondary bonding in materials, crystal structure of solids-metals and alloys, ionic and covalent solids, and polymers |
Physical metallurgy: Unit 02
X-ray diffraction |
|---|
| Bragg's law, optical metallography, principles of SEM imaging |
Physical metallurgy: Unit 03
Crystal imperfections |
|---|
| Point, line, and surface defects; coherent, semi-coherent, and incoherent interfaces |
Physical metallurgy: Unit 04
Diffusion in solids |
|---|
| Diffusion equation, steady state, and error function solutions; examples-homogenenization and carburization; Kirkendall effect; uphill diffusion; atomic models for interstitial and substitutional diffusion; pipe diffusion and grain boundary diffusion |
Physical metallurgy: Unit 05
Phase transformation |
|---|
| Driving force, homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation, growth kinetics |
Physical metallurgy: Unit 06
Solidification in isomorphous |
|---|
Physical metallurgy: Unit 07
Eutectic and peritectic systems |
|---|
Physical metallurgy: Unit 08
Cast structures and macrosegregation |
|---|
Physical metallurgy: Unit 09
Dendritic solidification and constitutional supercooling |
|---|
Physical metallurgy: Unit 10
Coring and microsegregation |
|---|
Physical metallurgy: Unit 11
Solid state transformations |
|---|
| Precipitation, spinoidal decomposition, ordering, massive transformation, discontinuous precipitation, eutectoid transformation, diffusionless transformations; precipitate coarsening, Gibbs-Thomson effect |
Physical metallurgy: Unit 12
Principles of heat treatment of steels, TTT and CCT diagrams |
|---|
Physical metallurgy: Unit 13
Surface hardening treatments |
|---|
Physical metallurgy: Unit 14
Recovery, recrystallization, and grain growth |
|---|
Physical metallurgy: Unit 15
Heat treatment of cast iron and aluminium alloys |
|---|
Physical metallurgy: Unit 16
Electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of materials |
|---|
Physical metallurgy: Unit 17
Basic forms of corrosion and its prevention |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 01
Strain tensor and stress tensor |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 02
Representation by Mohr's circle |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 03
Elasticity |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 04
Stiffness and compliance tensor |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 05
Yield criteria |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 06
Plastic deformation by slip and twinning |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 07
Dislocation theory |
|---|
| Edge, screw, and mixed dislocations, source and multiplication of dislocations, stress fields around dislocations; partial dislocations, dislocation interactions, and reactions |
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 08
Strengthening mechanisms |
|---|
| Work/ strain hardening, strengthening due to grain boundaries, solid solution, precipitation and dispersion |
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 09
Fracture behaviour |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 10
Griffith theory |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 11
Linear elastic fracture mechanics |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 12
Fracture toughness |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 13
Fractography |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 14
Ductile to brittle transition |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 15
Fatigue |
|---|
| Cyclic stress strain behaviour-low and high cycle fatigue, crack growth |
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 16
Mechanisms of high temperature deformation and failure |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 17
Creep and stress rupture |
|---|
Mechanical metallurgy: Unit 18
Stress exponent and activation energy |
|---|
Manufacturing processes
Manufacturing processes: Unit 01
Metal casting |
|---|
| Mould design involving feeding, gating, and risering, casting practices, casting defects |
Manufacturing processes: Unit 02
Hot, warm, and cold working of metals |
|---|
| Metal forming-fundamentals of metal forming processes of rolling, forging, extrusion, wire drawing, and sheet metal forming, defects in forming |
Manufacturing processes: Unit 03
Metal joining |
|---|
| Principles of soldering, brazing, and welding, welding metallurgy, defects in welded joints in steels and aluminium alloys |
Manufacturing processes: Unit 04
Powder metallurgy |
|---|
| production of powders, compaction, and sintering |
Manufacturing processes: Unit 05
Non-destructive testing (NDT) |
|---|
| Dye-penetrant, ultrasonic, radiography, eddy current, acoustic emission and magnetic particle inspection methods |
GATE Mining Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Matrices and determinants; inverse and rank of matrix; systems of linear equations; eigen values and eigen vectors |
| Cayley-Hamilton theorem |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Limit, continuity, and differentiability; partial derivatives; mean value theorems; indeterminate forms and L’ hospital's rule; maxima and minima; Taylor's theorem; sequences and series; test for convergence; Fourier series |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Vector calculus |
|---|
| Gradient; divergence and curl; line; surface and volume integrals; Stokes, Gauss, and Green's theorems |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Differential equations |
|---|
| Linear and non-linear first order ODEs; higher order linear ODEs with constant coefficients; Cauchy's and Euler's equations |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Measures of central tendency and dispersion; hypothesis testing; binomial, Poisson, exponential, and normal distributions; correlation and regression analysis |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
Numerical methods |
|---|
| Solutions of linear algebraic equations; interpolation; integration of trapezoidal and Simpson's rule; single and multi-step methods for differential equations |
Mining geology, mine development, and surveying
Mining geology, mine development, and surveying: Unit 01
Mining geology |
|---|
| Minerals, rocks, and their origin, classification, ore genesis; structural geology |
Mining geology, mine development, and surveying: Unit 02
Mine development |
|---|
| Methods of access to deposits; underground drivages; drilling methods and machines; explosives and energetics, blasting devices, blast design practices; rock-tool interaction applicable to mechanical cutting systems and their selection |
Mining geology, mine development, and surveying: Unit 03
Mine surveying |
|---|
| Levels and levelling, theodolite, tacheometry, triangulation; contouring; errors and adjustments; correlation; underground surveying; curves; photogrammetry; EDM, total station, GPS, basics of GIS and remote sensing |
Geomechanics and ground control
Geomechanics and ground control: Unit 01
Engineering mechanics |
|---|
| Equivalent force systems; equations of equilibrium; two dimensional frames and trusses; free body diagrams; friction forces; particle kinematics and dynamics; beam analysis |
Geomechanics and ground control: Unit 02
Geomechanics |
|---|
| Geotechnical properties of rocks; rock mass classification; instrumentation and in-situ stress measurement techniques; theories of rock failure; ground vibrations; stress distribution around mine openings; subsidence; slope stability |
Geomechanics and ground control: Unit 03
Ground control |
|---|
| Design of pillars; roof supporting systems; mine filling |
| Strata control and monitoring plan |
Mining methods and machinery
Mining methods and machinery: Unit 01
Mining methods |
|---|
| Surface mining: Layout, development, loading, transportation and mechanization, continuous surface mining systems; highwall mining; underground coal mining: Bord and pillar systems, room and pillar mining, longwall mining, thick seam mining methods |
| Underground metal mining: Open, supported, and caved stoping methods, stope mechanization, ore handling systems |
Mining methods and machinery: Unit 02
Mining machinery |
|---|
| Generation and transmission of mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic power; materials handling: wire ropes, haulages, conveyors, face and development machinery, hoisting systems, pumps; comminution methods and machinery |
Surface environment, mine ventilation, and underground hazards
Surface environment, mine ventilation, and underground hazards: Unit 01
Surface environment |
|---|
| Air, water, and soil pollution: Standards of quality, causes and dispersion of contamination, and control; noise pollution and control; land reclamation; EIA |
Surface environment, mine ventilation, and underground hazards: Unit 02
Mine ventilation |
|---|
| Underground atmosphere; heat load sources and thermal environment; air cooling; mechanics of airflow, distribution, natural and mechanical ventilation; mine fans and their usage; auxiliary ventilation; ventilation survey and planning; ventilation networks |
Surface environment, mine ventilation, and underground hazards: Unit 03
Underground hazards |
|---|
| Mine gases, methane drainage; underground hazards from fires, explosions, dust and inundation; rescue apparatus and practices; safety management plan; accident data analysis; assessment; mine lighting; mine legislation; occupational health and safety |
Mineral, economics, mine planning, systems engineering
Mineral, economics, mine planning, systems engineering: Unit 01
Mineral economics |
|---|
| Mineral resource classification; discounted cash flow analysis; mine valuation; mineral taxation |
Mineral, economics, mine planning, systems engineering: Unit 02
Mine planning |
|---|
| Sampling methods, practices, and interpretation; reserve estimation techniques: Basics of geostatistics and quality control; optimization of facility location; mine planning and its components, determination of mine size and mine life |
| Ultimate pit configuration and its determination, optimum mill cut-off grade and its determination, stop planning, design of haul road, selection of mining system vis-à-vis equipment system |
Mineral, economics, mine planning, systems engineering: Unit 03
Systems engineering |
|---|
| Concepts of reliability; reliability of simple systems; maintainability and availability; linear programming, transportation, and assignment problems; network analysis; inventory models; queuing theory; decision trees |
GATE Petroleum Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Petroleum engineering
Petroleum engineering: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Matrix algebra, systems of linear equations, eigen values and eigen vectors |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Functions of single variable, limit, continuity, and differentiability, Taylor series, mean value theorems, evaluation of definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, total derivative, maxima and minima, gradient, divergence, and curl |
| Vector identities, directional derivatives, line, surface, and volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss, and Green's theorems |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 03
Differential equations |
|---|
| First order equations (linear and nonlinear), higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transforms |
| Solutions of one dimensional heat and wave equations, and Laplace equation |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 04
Complex variables |
|---|
| Complex number, polar form of complex number, triangle inequality |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 05
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Definitions of probability and sampling theorems, conditional probability, mean, median, mode, and standard deviation, random variables, Poisson, normal, and binomial distributions, linear regression analysis |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 06
Numerical methods |
|---|
| Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations |
| Integration by trapezoidal and Simpson's rule |
| Single and multi-step methods for numerical solution of differential equations |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 07
Petroleum exploration |
|---|
| Classification and description of some common rocks with special reference to clastic, and nonclastic reservoir rocks |
| Origin, migration, and accumulation of petroleum |
| Petroleum exploration methods |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 08
Oil and gas well drilling technology |
|---|
| Well planning |
| Drilling method |
| Drilling rigs rig operating systems |
| Drilling fluids function and properties |
| Drilling fluid maintenance equipment |
| Oil and gas well cementing operations |
| Drill bit types and their applications |
| Drill string and casing string function, operations, selection, and design |
| Drilling problems, their control, and remedies |
| Directional drilling tools |
| Directional survey |
| Application of horizontal, multilateral, extended reach, slim wells |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 09
Reservoir engineering |
|---|
| Petrophysical properties of reservoir rocks |
| Coring and core analysis |
| Reservoir fluid properties |
| Phase behaviour of hydrocarbon system |
| Flow of fluids through porous media |
| Water and gas coning |
| Reservoir pressure measurements |
| Reservoir drives, drive mechanics, and recovery factors |
| Reserve estimation and techniques |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 10
Petroleum production operations |
|---|
| Well equipments |
| Well completion techniques |
| Well production problems and mitigation |
| Well servicing and work over operations |
| Work over and completion fluids |
| Formation damage |
| Well stimulation techniques |
| Artificial lift techniques |
| Field processing of oil and gas |
| Storage and transportation of petroleum, and petroleum products |
| Metering and measurements oil, and gas |
| Production system analysis and optimization |
| Production testing |
| Multiphase flow in tubing and flow-lines |
| Nodal system analysis |
| Pressure vessels, storage tanks, shell and tube heat exchangers, pumps and compressors, LNG value chain |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 11
Offshore drilling and production practices |
|---|
| Offshore oil and gas operations, and ocean environment |
| Offshore fixed platforms, offshore mobile units, station keeping methods like mooring and dynamic positioning system |
| Offshore drilling from fixed platform, jack-up, ships, and semi submersibles |
| Use of conductors and risers |
| Offshore well completion |
| Deep water applications of subsea technology |
| Offshore production: Oil processing platforms, water injection platforms, storage, SPM and SBM transportation, and utilities |
| Deep water drilling rig |
| Deep water production system |
| Emerging deep water technologies |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 12
Petroleum formation evaluation |
|---|
| Evaluation of petrophysical of sub-surface formations: Principles applications, advantages and disadvantages of SP, resistivity, radioactive, acoustic logs, and types of tools used |
| Evaluation of CBL/ VDL, USIT, SFT, RFT |
| Production logging tools, principles, limitations, and applications |
| Special type of logging tools |
| Casing inspection tools (principles, applications, and limitations), formations micro scanner (FMS), NMR logging principles |
| Standard log interpretation methods |
| Cross-plotting methods |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 13
Oil and gas well testing |
|---|
| Diffusivity equation, derivation, and solutions |
| Radius of investigation |
| Principle of superposition |
| Horner's approximation |
| Drill stem testing |
| Pressure transient tests: Drawdown and build up-test analysis |
| Wellbore effects |
| Multilayer reservoirs |
| Injection well testing |
| Multiple well testing |
| Interference testing, pulse testing, well-test analysis by use of type curves |
| Gas well testing |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 14
Health safety and environment in petroleum industry |
|---|
| Health hazards in petroleum industry: toxicity, physiological, asphyxiation, respiratory and skin effect of petroleum hydrocarbons, sour gases |
| Safety system: Manual and automatic shutdown system, blow down systems |
| Gas detection system |
| Fire detection and suppression systems |
| Personal protection system and measures |
| HSE policies |
| Disaster and crisis management in petroleum industry |
| Environment: Environment concepts, impact on ecosystem, air, water, and soil |
| The impact of drilling and production operations on environment, environmental transport of petroleum wastes |
| Offshore environmental studies |
| Offshore oil spill and oil spill control |
| Waste treatment methods |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 15
Enhanced oil recovery techniques |
|---|
| Basic principles and mechanism of EOR, screening of EOR process |
| Concept of pattern flooding, recovery efficiency, permeability heterogeneity |
| Macroscopic and microscopic displacement efficiency |
| EOR methods: Chemical flooding, miscible flooding, thermal recoveries (steam stimulation, hot water, and steam flooding, in-situ combustion), microbial EOR |
Petroleum engineering: Unit 16
Latest trends in petroleum engineering |
|---|
| Coal bed methane, shale gas, oil shale, gas hydrate, and heavy oil |
GATE Physics Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2-and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics: Unit 01
Vector calculus |
|---|
| Linear vector space: basis, orthogonality, and completeness; matrices; similarity transformations, diagonalization, eigen values and eigen vectors |
| Linear differential equations: Second order linear differential equations and solutions involving special functions; complex analysis: Cauchy-Riemann conditions, Cauchy's theorem, singularities, residue theorem and applications; Laplace transform |
| Fourier analysis; elementary ideas about tensors: Covariant and contravariant tensors |
Classical mechanics
Classical mechanics: Unit 01
Lagrangian formulation |
|---|
| D' Alembert's principle, Euler-Lagrange equation, Hamilton's principle, calculus of variations; symmetry and conservation laws; central force motion: Kepler problem and Rutherford scattering; small oscillations: Coupled oscillations and normal modes |
| Rigid body dynamics: Interia tensor, orthogonal transformations, Euler angles, torque free motion of a symmetric top; Hamiltonian and Hamilton's equations of motion; Liouville's theorem; canonical transformations: Action-angle variables, Poisson brackets |
| Canonical transformations: Hamilton-Jacobi equation |
Classical mechanics: Unit 02
Special theory of relativity |
|---|
| Lorentz transformations, relativistic kinematics, mass-energy equivalence |
Electromagnetic theory
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 01
Solutions of electrostatic and magnetostatic problems including boundary value problems |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 02
Method of images |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 03
Separation of variables |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 04
Dielectrics and conductors |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 05
Magnetic materials |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 06
Multipole expansion |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 07
Maxwell's equations |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 08
Scalar and vector potentials |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 09
Coulomb and Lorentz gauges |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 10
Electromagnetic waves in free space |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 11
Non-conducting and conducting media |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 12
Reflection and transmission at normal, and oblique incidences |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 13
Polarization of electromagnetic waves |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 14
Poynting vector |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 15
Poynting theorem |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 16
Energy and momentum of electromagnetic waves |
|---|
Electromagnetic theory: Unit 17
Radiation from a moving charge |
|---|
Quantum mechanics
Quantum mechanics: Unit 01
Postulates of quantum mechanics |
|---|
Quantum mechanics: Unit 02
Uncertainty principle |
|---|
Quantum mechanics: Unit 03
Schrodinger equation |
|---|
Quantum mechanics: Unit 04
Dirac Bra-Ket notation |
|---|
Quantum mechanics: Unit 05
Linear vectors and operators in Hilbert space |
|---|
Quantum mechanics: Unit 06
One dimensional potentials |
|---|
| Step potential, finite rectangular well, tunneling from a potential barrier, particle in a box, harmonic oscillator |
Quantum mechanics: Unit 07
Two and three dimensional systems |
|---|
| Concept of degeneracy |
Quantum mechanics: Unit 08
Hydrogen atom |
|---|
Quantum mechanics: Unit 09
Angular momentum and spin |
|---|
Quantum mechanics: Unit 10
Addition of angular momenta |
|---|
Quantum mechanics: Unit 11
Variational method and WKB approximation |
|---|
Quantum mechanics: Unit 12
Time independent perturbation theory |
|---|
Quantum mechanics: Unit 13
Elementary scattering theory |
|---|
Quantum mechanics: Unit 14
Born approximation |
|---|
Quantum mechanics: Unit 15
Symmetries in quantum mechanical systems |
|---|
Thermodynamics and statistical physics
Thermodynamics and statistical physics: Unit 01
Laws of thermodynamics |
|---|
Thermodynamics and statistical physics: Unit 02
Macrostates and microstates |
|---|
Thermodynamics and statistical physics: Unit 03
Phase space |
|---|
Thermodynamics and statistical physics: Unit 04
Ensembles |
|---|
Thermodynamics and statistical physics: Unit 05
Partition function |
|---|
Thermodynamics and statistical physics: Unit 06
Free energy |
|---|
Thermodynamics and statistical physics: Unit 07
Calculation of thermodynamic quantities |
|---|
Thermodynamics and statistical physics: Unit 08
Classical and quantum statistics |
|---|
Thermodynamics and statistical physics: Unit 09
Degenerate fermi gas |
|---|
Thermodynamics and statistical physics: Unit 10
Black body radiation and Planck's distribution law |
|---|
Thermodynamics and statistical physics: Unit 11
Bose-Einstein condensation |
|---|
Thermodynamics and statistical physics: Unit 12
First and second order phase transitions |
|---|
Thermodynamics and statistical physics: Unit 13
Phase equilibrium |
|---|
Thermodynamics and statistical physics: Unit 14
Critical point |
|---|
Atomic and molecular physics
Atomic and molecular physics: Unit 01
Spectra of one-and many-electron atoms |
|---|
Atomic and molecular physics: Unit 02
Spin-orbit interaction |
|---|
| Ls and jj couplings |
Atomic and molecular physics: Unit 03
Fine and hyperfine structures |
|---|
Atomic and molecular physics: Unit 04
Zeeman and stark effects |
|---|
Atomic and molecular physics: Unit 05
Electric dipole transitions and selection rules |
|---|
Atomic and molecular physics: Unit 06
Rotational and vibrational spectra of diatomic molecules |
|---|
Atomic and molecular physics: Unit 07
Electronic transitions in diatomic molecules |
|---|
Atomic and molecular physics: Unit 08
Franck-Condon principle |
|---|
Atomic and molecular physics: Unit 09
Raman effect |
|---|
Atomic and molecular physics: Unit 10
EPR, NMR, ESR, X-ray spectra |
|---|
Atomic and molecular physics: Unit 11
Lasers |
|---|
| Einstein coefficients, population inversion, two and three level systems |
Solid state physics
Solid state physics: Unit 01
Elements of crystallography |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 02
Diffraction methods for structure determination |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 03
Bonding in solids |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 04
Lattice vibrations and thermal properties of solids |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 05
Free electron theory |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 06
Band theory of solids |
|---|
| Nearly free electron and tight binding models |
Solid state physics: Unit 07
Metals, semiconductors, and insulators |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 08
Conductivity, mobility, and effective mass |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 09
Optical properties of solids |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 10
Kramer's-Kronig relation |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 11
Intra-and inter-band transitions |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 12
Dielectric properties of solid |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 13
Dielectric function |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 14
Polarizability |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 15
Ferroelectricity |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 16
Magnetic properties of solids |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 17
Dia, para, ferro, antiferro, and ferri-magnetism |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 18
Domains and magnetic anisotropy |
|---|
Solid state physics: Unit 19
Superconductivity |
|---|
| Type-I and Type II super conductors, Meissner effect, London equation, BCS theory, flux quantization |
Electronics
Electronics: Unit 01
Semiconductors in equilibrium |
|---|
| Electron and hole statistics in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors; metal-semiconductor junctions; Ohmic and rectifying contacts; PN diodes, bipolar junction transistors, field effect transistors; negative and positive feedback circuits; oscillators |
| Operational amplifiers, active filters; basics of digital logic circuits, combinational and sequential circuits, flip-flops, timers, counters, registers, A/ D and D/ A conversion |
Nuclear and particle physics
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 01
Nuclear radii and charge distributions |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 02
Nuclear binding energy |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 03
Electric and magnetic moments |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 04
Semi-empirical mass formula |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 05
Nuclear models |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 06
Liquid drop model |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 07
Nuclear shell model |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 08
Nuclear force and two nucleon problem |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 09
Alpha decay |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 10
Beta-decay |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 11
Electromagnetic transitions in nuclei |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 12
Rutherford scattering |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 13
Nuclear reactions |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 14
Conservation laws |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 15
Fission and fusion |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 16
Particle accelerators and detectors |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 17
Elementary particles |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 18
Photons, baryons, mesons, and leptons |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 19
Quark model |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 20
Isospin symmetry |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 21
Charge conjugation |
|---|
Nuclear and particle physics: Unit 22
Parity and time-reversal invariance |
|---|
GATE Production and Industrial Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Matrix algebra, systems of linear equations, eigen values and eigen vectors |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Functions of single variable, limit, continuity, and differentiability, mean value theorems, evaluation of definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, total derivative, maxima and minima, gradient, divergence and curl, vector identities |
| Directional derivatives; line, surface and volume integrals; Stokes, Gauss and Green's theorems |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Differential equations |
|---|
| First order equations (linear and nonlinear), higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transforms |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Complex variables |
|---|
| Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem, Taylor series |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Definitions of probability and sampling theorems, conditional probability, mean, median, mode and standard deviation, linear regression, random variables, Poisson, normal, binomial and exponential distributions |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
Numerical methods |
|---|
| Numerical solutions of linear and nonlinear algebraic equations, integration by trapezoidal and Simpson's rules, single and multi-step methods for differential equations |
General engineering
General engineering: Unit 01
Engineering materials |
|---|
| Structure, physical, and mechanical properties, and applications of common engineering materials (metals and alloys, semiconductors, ceramics, polymers, and composites-metal, polymer and ceramic based); iron-carbon equilibrium phase diagram |
| Heat treatment of metals and alloys and its influence on mechanical properties; stress-strain behavior of metals and alloys |
General engineering: Unit 02
Applied mechanics |
|---|
| Engineering mechanics-equivalent force systems, free body concepts, equations of equilibrium; trusses; strength of materials-stress, strain, and their relationship; failure theories; Mohr's circle (stress); deflection of beams, bending and shear stresses |
| Euler's theory of columns; thick and thin cylinders; torsion |
General engineering: Unit 03
Theory of machines and design |
|---|
| Analysis of planar mechanisms, cams and followers; governors and fly wheels; design of bolted, riveted and welded joints; interference/ shrink fit joints; friction and lubrication; design of shafts, keys, couplings, spur gears, belt drives |
| Brakes and clutches; pressure vessels |
General engineering: Unit 04
Thermal and fluids engineering |
|---|
| Fluid mechanics-fluid statics, Bernoulli's equation, flow through pipes, laminar and turbulent flows, equations of continuity and momentum, capillary action; dimensional analysis; thermodynamics-zeroth, first and second laws of thermodynamics |
| Thermodynamic systems and processes, calculation of work and heat for systems and control volumes; air standard cycles; heat transfer-basic applications of conduction, convection and radiation |
Manufacturing processes-I
Manufacturing processes-I: Unit 01
Casting |
|---|
| Types of casting processes and applications; sand casting: Patterns-types, materials and allowances; molds and cores-materials, making, and testing; design of gating system and riser |
| Casting techniques of cast iron, steels, and nonferrous metals and alloys; analysis of solidification and microstructure development; other casting techniques: pressure die casting, centrifugal casting, investment casting, shell mold casting |
| Casting defects and their inspection by non-destructive testing |
Manufacturing processes-I: Unit 02
Metal forming |
|---|
| Stress-strain relations in elastic and plastic deformation; Von Mises and Tresca yield criteria, concept of flow stress; hot, warm, and cold working; bulk forming processes-forging, rolling, extrusion and wire drawing |
| Sheet metal working processes-blanking, punching, bending, stretch forming, spinning and deep drawing; ideal work and slab analysis; defects in metal working and their causes |
Manufacturing processes-I: Unit 03
Joining of materials |
|---|
| Classification of joining processes; principles of fusion welding processes using different heat sources (flame, arc, resistance, laser, electron beam), heat transfer and associated losses; arc welding processes-SMAW, GMAW, GTAW, plasma arc |
| Submerged arc welding processes; principles of solid state welding processes-friction welding, friction stir welding, ultrasonic welding; welding defects-causes and inspection; principles of adhesive joining, brazing and soldering processes |
Manufacturing processes-I: Unit 04
Powder processing |
|---|
| Production of metal/ ceramic powders, compaction and sintering of metals and ceramic powders, cold and hot isostatic pressing |
Manufacturing processes-I: Unit 05
Polymers and composites |
|---|
| Polymer processing-injection, compression and blow molding, extrusion, calendaring and thermoforming; molding of composites |
Manufacturing processes-II
Manufacturing processes-II: Unit 01
Machining |
|---|
| Orthogonal and oblique machining, single point cutting tool and tool signature, chip formation, cutting forces, Merchant's analysis, specific cutting energy and power; machining parameters and material removal rate; tool materials, tool wear and tool life |
| Thermal aspects of machining, cutting fluids, machinability; economics of machining; machining processes-turning, taper turning, thread cutting, drilling, boring, milling, gear cutting, thread production |
| Finishing processes-grinding, honing, lapping and super-finishing |
Manufacturing processes-II: Unit 02
Machine tools |
|---|
| Lathe, milling, drilling and shaping machines-construction and kinematics; jigs and fixtures-principles, applications, and design |
Manufacturing processes-II: Unit 03
Advanced manufacturing |
|---|
| Principles and applications of USM, AJM, WJM, AWJM, EDM and Wire EDM, LBM, EBM, PAM, CHM, ECM; effect of process parameters on material removal rate, surface roughness and power consumption; additive manufacturing techniques |
Manufacturing processes-II: Unit 04
Computer integrated manufacturing |
|---|
| Basic concepts of CAD and CAM, geometric modeling, CNC; automation in manufacturing; industrial robots-configurations, drives and controls; cellular manufacturing and FMS-group technology, CAPP |
Quality and reliability
Quality and reliability: Unit 01
Metrology and inspection |
|---|
| Accuracy and precision; types of errors; limits, fits and tolerances; gauge design, interchangeability, selective assembly |
| Linear, angular, and form measurements (straightness, flatness, roundness, runout and cylindricity) by mechanical and optical methods; inspection of screw threads and gears; surface roughness measurement by contact and non-contact methods |
Quality and reliability: Unit 02
Quality management |
|---|
| Quality-concept and costs; statistical quality control-process capability analysis, control charts for variables and attributes and acceptance sampling; six sigma; total quality management; quality assurance and certification-ISO 9000, ISO14000 |
Quality and reliability: Unit 03
Reliability and maintenance |
|---|
| Reliability, availability and maintainability; distribution of failure and repair times; determination of MTBF and MTTR, reliability models; determination of system reliability; preventive and predictive maintenance and replacement |
| Total productive maintenance |
Industrial engineering
Industrial engineering: Unit 01
Product design and development |
|---|
| Principles of product design, tolerance design; quality and cost considerations; product life cycle; standardization, simplification, diversification; value engineering and analysis; concurrent engineering; design for “X” |
Industrial engineering: Unit 02
Work system design |
|---|
| Taylor's scientific management, Gilbreths's contributions; productivity-concepts and measurements; method study, micro-motion study, principles of motion economy; work measurement-time study, work sampling, standard data, PMTS; ergonomics |
| Job evaluation and merit rating |
Industrial engineering: Unit 03
Facility design |
|---|
| Facility location factors and evaluation of alternate locations; types of plant layout and their evaluation; computer aided layout design techniques; assembly line balancing; materials handling systems |
Operations research and operations management
Operations research and operations management: Unit 01
Operation research |
|---|
| Linear programming-problem formulation, simplex method, duality and sensitivity analysis; transportation and assignment models; integer programming; constrained and unconstrained nonlinear optimization; Markovian queuing models |
| Simulation-manufacturing applications |
Operations research and operations management: Unit 02
Engineering economy and costing |
|---|
| Elementary cost accounting and methods of depreciation; break-even analysis; techniques for evaluation of capital investments; financial statements; activity based costing |
Operations research and operations management: Unit 03
Production control |
|---|
| Forecasting techniques-causal and time series models, moving average, exponential smoothing, trend and seasonality; aggregate production planning; master production scheduling; MRP, MRP-II and ERP; routing, scheduling and priority dispatching |
| Push and pull production systems, concepts of Lean and JIT manufacturing systems; logistics, distribution, and supply chain management; inventory-functions, costs, classifications, deterministic inventory models, quantity discount |
| Perpetual and periodic inventory control systems |
Operations research and operations management: Unit 04
Project management |
|---|
| Scheduling techniques-Gantt chart, CPM, PERT and GERT |
GATE Statistics Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Statistics
Statistics: Unit 01
Calculus |
|---|
| Finite, countable and uncountable sets; real number system as a complete ordered field, Archimedean property; sequences of real numbers, convergence of sequences, bounded sequences, monotonic sequences, Cauchy criterion for convergence |
| Series of real numbers, convergence, tests of convergence, alternating series, absolute and conditional convergence; power series and radius of convergence; functions of a real variable: Limit, continuity, monotone functions, uniform continuity |
| Differentiability, Rolle's theorem, mean value theorems, Taylor's theorem, L’ hospital rules, maxima and minima, Riemann integration and its properties, improper integrals; functions of several real variables: Limit, continuity, partial derivatives |
| Directional derivatives, gradient, Taylor's theorem, total derivative, maxima and minima, saddle point, method of Lagrange multipliers, double and triple integrals and their applications |
Statistics: Unit 02
Matrix theory |
|---|
| Subspaces of Rⁿ and Cⁿ, span, linear independence, basis and dimension, row space and column space of a matrix, rank and nullity, row reduced echelon form, trace, and determinant, inverse of a matrix, systems of linear equations |
| Inner products in Rⁿ and Cⁿ, Gram-Schmidt orthonormalization; eigen values and eigen vectors, characteristic polynomial, Cayley-Hamilton theorem, symmetric, skew-symmetric, Hermitian, skew-Hermitian, orthogonal |
| Unitary matrices and their eigen values, change of basis matrix, equivalence and similarity, diagonalizability, positive definite and positive semi-definite matrices and their properties, quadratic forms, singular value decomposition |
Statistics: Unit 03
Probability |
|---|
| Axiomatic definition of probability, properties of probability function, conditional probability, Baye's theorem, independence of events; random variables and their distributions, distribution function, probability mass function |
| Probability density function and their properties, expectation, moments and moment generating function, quantiles, distribution of functions of a random variable, Chebyshev, Markov, and Jensen inequalities |
| Standard discrete and continuous univariate distributions: Bernoulli, binomial, geometric, negative binomial, hypergeometric, discrete uniform, Poisson, continuous uniform, exponential, gamma, beta, Weibull, normal |
| Jointly distributed random variables and their distribution functions, probability mass function, probability density function, and their properties, marginal and conditional distributions, conditional expectation and moments, product moments |
| Simple correlation coefficient, joint moment generating function, independence of random variables, functions of random vector and their distributions, distributions of order statistics, joint and marginal distributions of order statistics |
| Multinomial distribution, bivariate normal distribution, sampling distributions: Central, chi-square, central t, and central F distributions |
| Convergence in distribution, convergence in probability, convergence almost surely, convergence in r-th mean and their inter-relations, Slutsky's lemma, Borel-Cantelli lemma; weak and strong laws of large numbers |
| Central limit theorem for IID random variables, delta method |
Statistics: Unit 04
Stochastic processes |
|---|
| Markov chains with finite and countable state space, classification of states, limiting behaviour of n-step transition probabilities, stationary distribution, Poisson process, birth-and-death process, pure-birth process, pure-death process |
| Brownian motion and its basic properties |
Statistics: Unit 05
Estimation |
|---|
| Sufficiency, minimal sufficiency, factorization theorem, completeness, completeness of exponential families, ancillary statistic, Basu's theorem and its applications, unbiased estimation, uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimation |
| Rao-Blackwell theorem, Lehmann-Scheffe theorem, Cramer-Rao inequality, consistent estimators, method of moments estimators, method of maximum likelihood estimators, and their properties |
| Interval estimation: Pivotal quantities and confidence intervals based on them, coverage probability |
Statistics: Unit 06
Testing of hypotheses |
|---|
| Neyman-Pearson lemma, most powerful tests, monotone likelihood ratio (MLR) property, uniformly most powerful tests, uniformly most powerful tests for families having MLR property, uniformly most powerful unbiased tests |
| Uniformly most powerful unbiased tests for exponential families, likelihood ratio tests, large sample tests |
Statistics: Unit 07
Non-parametric statistics |
|---|
| Empirical distribution function and its properties, goodness of fit tests, chi-square test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, sign test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, Mann-Whitney U-test, rank correlation coefficients of Spearman and Kendall |
Statistics: Unit 08
Multivariate analysis |
|---|
| Multivariate normal distribution: Properties, conditional, and marginal distributions, maximum likelihood estimation of mean vector and dispersion matrix, hotelling’s T² test, Wishart distribution and its basic properties |
| Multiple and partial correlation coefficients, and their basic properties |
Statistics: Unit 09
Regression analysis |
|---|
| Simple and multiple linear regression, R² and adjusted R², and their applications, distributions of quadratic forms of random vectors: Fisher-Cochran theorem, Gauss-Markov theorem, tests for regression coefficients, confidence intervals |
GATE Textile Engineering and Fibre Science Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Matrices and determinants; systems of linear equations; eigen values and eigen vectors |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Limit, continuity, and differentiability; successive differentiation; partial differentiation; maxima and minima; errors and approximations; definite and improper integrals; sequences and series; test for convergence; power series; Taylor series |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Differential equations |
|---|
| First order linear and non-linear differential equations; higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients; Euler-Cauchy equation; partial differential equations; wave and heat equations; Laplace’s equation |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Random variables; Poisson, binomial, and normal distributions; mean, mode, median, standard deviation; confidence interval; test of hypothesis; correlation analysis; regression analysis; analysis of variance; control charts |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
Numerical methods |
|---|
| Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations; numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules; single-step and multi-step numerical methods for differential equations |
Textile engineering and fibre science
Textile engineering and fibre science: Unit 01
Textile fibers |
|---|
| Classification of textile fibres; essential requirements of fibre forming polymers; gross and fine structures of natural fibres like cotton, wool, silk; introduction to bastfibres |
| Properties and uses of natural and man-made fibres including carbon, aramid and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibres; physical and chemical methods of fibre and blend identification and blend analysis |
| Molecular architecture, amorphous and crystalline phases, glass transition, plasticization, crystallization, melting, factors affecting Tg and Tm; polymerization of nylon-6, nylon-66, poly (ethylene terephthalate), polyacrylonitrile and polypropylene |
| Melt spinning processes for PET, polyamide and polypropylene; preparation of spinning dope; principles of wet spinning, dry spinning, dry-jet-wet spinning and gel spinning; spinning of acrylic |
| Viscose and other regenerated cellulosic fibres such as polynosic and lyocell; post spinning operations such as drawing, heat setting, tow-to-top conversion; spin finish composition and applications; different texturing methods |
| Methods of investigating fibre structure such as density, X-ray diffraction, birefringence, optical and electron microscopy such as SEM and TEM, I.R. spectroscopy, thermal methods such as DSC, DMA, TMA and TGA; structure and morphology of man-made fibres |
| Mechanical properties of fibres; moisture sorption of fibres; fibre structure-property correlation |
Textile engineering and fibre science: Unit 02
Yarn manufacture, yarn structure, and properties |
|---|
| Principles of ginning; principles of opening, cleaning and blending; working principles of modern blowroom machines; fundamentals of carding; conventional vs. modern carding machine; card setting; card clothing; periodic mass variation in card sliver |
| Card autoleveller; principles of roller drawing; roller arrangements in drafting systems; periodic mass variation in drawn sliver; draw frame auto leveller; principles of cotton combing; combing cycle and mechanisms; recent developments in combing machine |
| Principles of drafting, twisting, and bobbin building in roving formation; modern developments in roving machine; principles of drafting, twisting and cop building in ring spinning; causes of end breakages; modern developments in ring spinning machine |
| Working principles of ring doubler and two-for-one twister; relationship between single yarn twist and folded yarn twist; principles of compact, rotor, air-jet, air-vortex, friction, core, wrap and twist-less spinning processes |
| Influence of fibre geometry, fibre configuration and fibre orientation in yarn; fibre packing density of yarn; yarn diameter; yarn twist and its relation to yarn strength; helical arrangement of fibres in yarns; yarn contraction; fibre migration in yarns |
| Stress-strain relation in yarn; mass irregularity of yarn; structure-property relationship in ring, compact, rotor, air-jet and friction spun yarns |
Textile engineering and fibre science: Unit 03
Fabric manufacture, structure, and properties |
|---|
| Principles of winding processes; classification of winding methods; patterning mechanism; yarn clearers and tensioners; different systems of yarn splicing; warping objectives and classification; different types of warping creels |
| Features of beam and sectional warping machines; different sizing systems; sizing of spun and filament yarns; drawing-in process; principles of pirn winding |
| Primary and secondary motions of loom; shedding motion; positive and negative shedding mechanisms; type of sheds; tappet, dobby and jacquard shedding; weft insertion; mechanics of weft insertion with shuttle; shuttle picking and checking; beat-up |
| Kinematics of sley; loom timing diagram; cam designing; effect of sley setting and cam profile on fabric formation; take-up and let-off motions; warp and weft stop motions; warp protection; weft replenishment |
| Principles of weft insertion systems of shuttle-less weaving machinessuch as projectile, rapier, water-jet and air-jet; principles of functioning of multiphase and circular looms; types of selvedges |
| Basic woven fabric constructions and their derivatives; crepe, cord, terry, gauze, leno and double cloth constructions; drawing and lifting plans |
| Fundamentals of weft knitting; classification of weft knitting technologies; weft knitted constructions such as plain, rib, interlock and purl; different knit stitches such as loop, tuck and float |
| Principle of warp knitting; classification of warp knitting technologies; swinging and shogging motion of guide bar; basic warp knit construction such aspillar, tricot, atlas, inlay and nets |
| Fibre preparation processes for non wovens; web formation and bonding processes; spun-bonding and melt-blowing technologies; applications of nonwoven fabrics |
| Principles of braiding; type of braids; Maypole braiding technology |
| Peirce's equations for plain woven fabric geometry; elastica model of plain-woven fabric; thickness, cover and maximum set of woven fabrics; geometry of plain weft knitted loop; Munden's constants and tightness factor for plain weft knitted fabrics |
| Geometry of tubular braids |
Textile engineering and fibre science: Unit 04
Textile testing |
|---|
| Sampling techniques for fibres, yarns and fabrics; sample size and sampling errors |
| Moisture in textiles; fibre length, fineness, crimp, maturity and trash content; tensile testing of fibres; high volume fibre testing |
| Linear density of sliver, roving and yarn; twist and hairiness of yarn; tensile testing of yarns; evenness testing; fault measurement and analysis of yarns |
| Fabric thickness, compressibility, stiffness, shear, drape, crease recovery, tear strength, bursting strength, pilling and abrasion resistance; tensile testing of fabrics; objective evaluation of low stress mechanical characteristics; air permeability |
| Wetting and wicking; water-vapour transmission through fabrics; thermal resistance of fabrics |
Textile engineering and fibre science: Unit 05
Chemical processing |
|---|
| Impurities in natural fibre; singeing; chemistry and practice of preparatory processes for cotton; preparatory processing of wool and silk; mercerization of cotton; preparatory processes for manmade fibres and their blends; optical brightening agent |
| Classification of dyes; dyeing of cotton, wool, silk, polyester, nylon and acrylic with appropriate classes of dyes; dyeing of polyester/ cotton and polyester/ wool blends; dyeing machines; dyeing processes and machines for cotton knitted fabrics |
| Dye-fibre interaction; introduction to thermodynamics and kinetics of dyeing; brief idea about the relation between colour and chemical constitution; Beer-Lambert's law; Kubelka-Munk theory and its application in colour measurement |
| Methods for determination of wash, light and rubbing fastness |
| Methods of printing such as roller printing and screen printing; preparation of printing paste; various types of thickeners; printing auxiliaries |
| Direct styles of printing of-(i) cotton with reactive dyes, (ii) wool, silk, nylon with acid and metal complex dyes, (iii) polyester with disperse dyes; resist and discharge printing of cotton, silk and polyester; pigment printing |
| Transfer printing of polyester; inkjet printing; printing faults |
| Mechanical finishing of cotton; stiff, soft, wrinkle resistant, water repellent, flame retardant and enzyme (bio-polishing) finishing of cotton; milling, decatizing and shrink resistant finishing of wool; antistatic and soil release finishing |
| Heat setting of synthetic fabrics; minimum application techniques |
| Pollution control and treatment of effluents |
GATE Ecology and Evolution Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Ecology
Ecology: Unit 01
Fundamental concepts |
|---|
| Abiotic and biotic components; scales (population, species, community, ecosystems, biomes); niches and habitats |
Ecology: Unit 02
Population ecology |
|---|
| Population growth rates (density dependent/ independent); metapopulation ecology (colonization, persistence, extinction, patches, sources, sinks); age-structured populations |
Ecology: Unit 03
Interactions |
|---|
| Types (mutualism, symbiosis, commensalism, competition, parasitism, predation, etc); ecophysiology (physiological adaptations to abiotic environment); prey-predator interactions (Lotka-Voltera equation etc) |
Ecology: Unit 04
Community ecology |
|---|
| Community assembly, organization, and succession; species richness, evenness, and diversity indices, species-area relationships; theory of island biogeography |
Ecology: Unit 05
Ecosystems structure and function |
|---|
| Trophic levels and their interactions; nutrient cycles; primary and secondary productivity |
Evolution
Evolution: Unit 01
History of evolutionary thought |
|---|
| Lamarckism; Darwinism; modern synthesis |
Evolution: Unit 02
Fundamentals |
|---|
| Variation; heritability; natural selection; fitness and adaptation; types of selection (stabilizing, directional, disruptive) |
Evolution: Unit 03
Diversity of life |
|---|
| Origin and history of life on earth; diversity and classification of life; systems of classification (cladistics and phenetics) |
Evolution: Unit 04
Life history strategies |
|---|
| Allocation of resources; tradeoffs; r/K selection; semelparity and iteroparity |
Evolution: Unit 05
Interactions |
|---|
| Coevolution (coadaptations, arms race, red queen hypothesis, cospeciation); prey-predator interactions (mimicry, crypsis, etc) |
Evolution: Unit 06
Population and quantitative genetics |
|---|
| Origins of genetic variation; Mendelian genetics; Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; drift; selection (one-locus two-alleles model); population genetic structure (panmixia, gene flow, FST); polygenic traits; gene-environment interactions (phenotypic plasticity) |
| Heritability |
Evolution: Unit 07
Molecular evolution and phylogenetics |
|---|
| Neutral theory; molecular clocks; rates of evolution; phylogenetic reconstruction; molecular systematics |
Evolution: Unit 08
Macroevolution |
|---|
| Species concepts and speciation; adaptive radiation; convergence; biogeography |
Mathematics and quantitative ecology
Mathematics and quantitative ecology: Unit 01
Mathematics and statistics in ecology |
|---|
| Simple functions (linear, quadratic, exponential, logarithmic, etc); concept of derivatives and slope of a function; permutations and combinations; basic probability (probability of random events; sequences of events, etc) |
| Frequency distributions and their descriptive statistics (mean, variance, coefficient of variation, correlation, etc) |
Mathematics and quantitative ecology: Unit 02
Statistical hypothesis testing |
|---|
| Concept of p-value; type I and type II error, test statistics like t-test and chi-square test; basics of linear regression and ANOVA |
Behavioural ecology
Behavioural ecology: Unit 01
Classical ethology |
|---|
| Instinct; fixed action patters; imprinting; learnt behaviour; proximate and ultimate questions |
Behavioural ecology: Unit 02
Sensory ecology |
|---|
| Neuroethology; communication (chemical, acoustic, and visual signaling); recognition systems |
Behavioural ecology: Unit 03
Foraging ecology |
|---|
| Foraging behaviour; optimal foraging theory |
Behavioural ecology: Unit 04
Reproduction |
|---|
| Cost of sex; sexual dimorphism; mate choice; sexual selection (runaway selection, good-genes, handicap principle, etc); sexual conflict; mating systems; parental care |
Behavioural ecology: Unit 05
Social living |
|---|
| Costs and benefits of group-living (including responses to predators); effect of competition (scramble and contest) on group formation; dominance relationships; eusociality; kin selection; altruism; reciprocity; human behaviour |
Applied ecology and evolution
Applied ecology and evolution: Unit 01
Biodiversity and conservation |
|---|
| Importance of conserving biodiversity; ecosystem services; threats to biodiversity; invasive species; in-situ conservation (endemism, biodiversity hotspots, protected areas); ex-situ conservation |
| Conservation genetics (genetic diversity, inbreeding depression); DNA fingerprinting and DNA barcoding |
Applied ecology and evolution: Unit 02
Disease ecology and evolution |
|---|
| Epidemiology; zoonotic diseases; antibiotic resistance; vector control |
Applied ecology and evolution: Unit 03
Plant and animal breeding |
|---|
| Marker assisted breeding; genetic basis of economically important traits |
Applied ecology and evolution: Unit 04
Global climate change |
|---|
| Causes; consequences; mitigation |
GATE XE Engineering Mathematics Syllabus
Linear algebra
Linear algebra: Unit 01
Algebra of real matrices |
|---|
| Determinant, inverse, and rank of a matrix; system of linear equations (conditions for unique solution, no solution, and infinite number of solutions); eigen values and eigen vectors of matrices |
| Properties of eigen values and eigen vectors of symmetric matrices, diagonalization of matrices; Cayley-Hamilton theorem |
Calculus
Calculus: Unit 01
Functions of single variable |
|---|
| Limit, indeterminate forms and L' hospital's rule; continuity and differentiability; mean value theorems; maxima and minima; Taylor's theorem; fundamental theorem and mean value theorem of integral calculus; evaluation of definite and improper integrals |
| Applications of definite integrals to evaluate areas and volumes (rotation of a curve about an axis) |
Calculus: Unit 02
Functions of two variables |
|---|
| Limit, continuity, and partial derivatives; directional derivative; total derivative; maxima, minima, and saddle points; method of Lagrange multipliers; double integrals and their applications |
Calculus: Unit 03
Sequences and series |
|---|
| Convergence of sequences and series; tests of convergence of series with non-negative terms (ratio, root, and integral tests); power series; Taylor's series; Fourier series of functions of period 2π |
Vector calculus
Vector calculus: Unit 01
Gradient, divergence, and curl |
|---|
Vector calculus: Unit 02
Line integrals and Green's theorem |
|---|
Complex variables
Complex variables: Unit 01
Complex numbers |
|---|
Complex variables: Unit 02
Argand plane and polar representation of complex numbers |
|---|
Complex variables: Unit 03
De Moivre's theorem |
|---|
Complex variables: Unit 04
Analytic functions |
|---|
Complex variables: Unit 05
Cauchy-Riemann equations |
|---|
Ordinary differential equations
Ordinary differential equations: Unit 01
First order equations (linear and nonlinear) |
|---|
Ordinary differential equations: Unit 02
Second order linear differential equations with constant coefficients |
|---|
Ordinary differential equations: Unit 03
Cauchy-Euler equation |
|---|
Ordinary differential equations: Unit 04
Second order linear differential equations with variable coefficients |
|---|
Ordinary differential equations: Unit 05
Wronskian |
|---|
Ordinary differential equations: Unit 06
Method of variation of parameters |
|---|
Ordinary differential equations: Unit 07
Eigen value problem for second order equations with constant coefficients |
|---|
Ordinary differential equations: Unit 08
Power series solutions for ordinary points |
|---|
Partial differential equations
Partial differential equations: Unit 01
Classification of second order linear partial differential equations |
|---|
Partial differential equations: Unit 02
Method of separation of variables |
|---|
| One dimensional heat equation and two dimensional Laplace equation |
Probability and statistics
Probability and statistics: Unit 01
Axioms of probability |
|---|
Probability and statistics: Unit 02
Conditional probability |
|---|
Probability and statistics: Unit 03
Baye's theorem |
|---|
Probability and statistics: Unit 04
Mean, variance, and standard deviation of random variables |
|---|
Probability and statistics: Unit 05
Binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions |
|---|
Probability and statistics: Unit 06
Correlation and linear regression |
|---|
Numerical methods
Numerical methods: Unit 01
Solution of systems of linear equations using LU decomposition |
|---|
Numerical methods: Unit 02
Gauss elimination method |
|---|
Numerical methods: Unit 03
Lagrange and Newton's interpolations |
|---|
Numerical methods: Unit 04
Solution of polynomial and transcendental equations by Newton-Raphson method |
|---|
Numerical methods: Unit 05
Numerical integration by trapezoidal rule and Simpson's rule |
|---|
Numerical methods: Unit 06
Numerical solutions of first order differential equations by explicit Euler's method |
|---|
GATE XE Fluid Mechanics Syllabus
Flow and fluid properties
Flow and fluid properties: Unit 01
Fluid properties |
|---|
| Density, viscosity, surface tension, relationship between stress and strain-rate for Newtonian fluids |
Flow and fluid properties: Unit 02
Classification of flows |
|---|
| Viscous versus inviscid flows, incompressible versus compressible flows, internal versus external flows, steady versus unsteady flows, laminar versus turbulent flows, 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D flows, Newtonian versus non-Newtonian fluid flow |
Flow and fluid properties: Unit 03
Hydrostatics |
|---|
| Buoyancy, manometry, forces on submerged bodies and its stability |
Kinematics of fluid motion
Kinematics of fluid motion: Unit 01
Eulerian and Lagrangian descriptions of fluid motion |
|---|
Kinematics of fluid motion: Unit 02
Concept of local, convective, and material derivatives |
|---|
Kinematics of fluid motion: Unit 03
Streamline, streakline, pathline, and timeline |
|---|
Integral analysis for a control volume
Integral analysis for a control volume: Unit 01
Reynolds transport theorem (RTT) for conservation of mass |
|---|
Integral analysis for a control volume: Unit 02
Linear and angular momentum |
|---|
Differential analysis
Differential analysis: Unit 01
Differential equations of mass and momentum for incompressible flows |
|---|
Differential analysis: Unit 02
Inviscid flows |
|---|
Differential analysis: Unit 03
Euler equations and viscous flows |
|---|
Differential analysis: Unit 04
Navier-Stokes equations |
|---|
Differential analysis: Unit 05
Concept of fluid rotation |
|---|
Differential analysis: Unit 06
Vorticity |
|---|
Differential analysis: Unit 07
Stream function and circulation |
|---|
Differential analysis: Unit 08
Exact solutions of Navier-Stokes equations for Couette flow and Poiseuille flow |
|---|
Differential analysis: Unit 09
Thin film flow |
|---|
Dimensional analysis
Dimensional analysis: Unit 01
Concept of geometric, kinematic, and dynamic similarity |
|---|
Dimensional analysis: Unit 02
Buckingham Pi theorem and its applications |
|---|
Dimensional analysis: Unit 03
Non-dimensional parameters and their physical significance |
|---|
| Reynolds number, Froude number, and Mach number |
Internal flows
Internal flows: Unit 01
Fully developed pipe flow |
|---|
Internal flows: Unit 02
Empirical relations for laminar and turbulent flows |
|---|
| Friction factor, Darcy-Weisbach relation, and Moody's chart |
Internal flows: Unit 03
Major and minor losses |
|---|
Bernoulli's equation and its applications, potential flows
Bernoulli's equation and its applications, potential flows: Unit 01
Bernoulli's equation |
|---|
| Assumptions and applications |
| Flow measurements-Venturi meter, Pitot-static tube, and orifice meter |
Bernoulli's equation and its applications, potential flows: Unit 02
Elementary potential flows |
|---|
| Velocity potential function |
| Uniform flow, source, sink and vortex, and their superposition for flow past simple geometries |
External flows
External flows: Unit 01
Prandtl boundary layer equations |
|---|
| Concept and assumptions |
External flows: Unit 02
Boundary layer characteristics |
|---|
| Boundary layer thickness, displacement thickness, and momentum thickness |
External flows: Unit 03
Qualitative idea of boundary layer separation |
|---|
External flows: Unit 04
Streamlined and bluff bodies, and drag, and lift forces |
|---|
GATE XE Materials Science Syllabus
Classification and structure of materials
Classification and structure of materials: Unit 01
Classification of materials |
|---|
| Metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites |
Classification and structure of materials: Unit 02
Nature of bonding in materials |
|---|
| Metallic, ionic, covalent, and mixed bonding; structure of materials: Fundamentals of crystallography, symmetry operations, crystal systems, Bravais lattices, unit cells, primitive cells, crystallographic planes and directions; structures of metals |
| Ceramics, polymers, amorphous materials, and glasses |
Classification and structure of materials: Unit 03
Defects in crystalline materials |
|---|
| 0-D, 1-D and 2-D defects; vacancies, interstitials, solid solutions in metals and ceramics, Frenkel and Schottky defects; dislocations; grain boundaries, twins, stacking faults; surfaces and interfaces |
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and phase transformations
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and phase transformations: Unit 01
Extensive and intensive thermodynamic properties |
|---|
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and phase transformations: Unit 02
Laws of thermodynamics |
|---|
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and phase transformations: Unit 03
Phase equilibrium |
|---|
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and phase transformations: Unit 04
Phase rule |
|---|
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and phase transformations: Unit 05
Phase diagrams (unary and binary) |
|---|
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and phase transformations: Unit 06
Basic electrochemistry |
|---|
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and phase transformations: Unit 07
Reaction kinetics |
|---|
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and phase transformations: Unit 08
Fundamentals of diffusion |
|---|
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and phase transformations: Unit 09
Fick's laws, their solutions and applications |
|---|
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and phase transformations: Unit 10
Solidification of pure metals and alloys |
|---|
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and phase transformations: Unit 11
Nucleation and growth |
|---|
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and phase transformations: Unit 12
Diffusional solid-state phase transformations (precipitation and eutectoid) |
|---|
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and phase transformations: Unit 13
Martensitic transformation |
|---|
Properties and applications of materials
Properties and applications of materials: Unit 01
Mechanical properties of metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites at room temperature |
|---|
Properties and applications of materials: Unit 02
Stress-strain response (elastic, anelastic, and plastic deformation) |
|---|
Properties and applications of materials: Unit 03
Electronic properties |
|---|
| Free electron theory, Fermi energy, density of states, elements of band theory, semiconductors, Hall effect, dielectric behaviour, piezo- and ferro-electric behaviour |
Properties and applications of materials: Unit 04
Magnetic properties |
|---|
| Origin of magnetism in materials, para-, dia-, ferro-, and ferri-magnetism |
Properties and applications of materials: Unit 05
Thermal properties |
|---|
| Specific heat, heat conduction, thermal diffusivity, thermal expansion, and thermoelectricity |
Properties and applications of materials: Unit 06
Optical properties |
|---|
| Refractive index, absorption and transmission of electromagnetic radiation |
Properties and applications of materials: Unit 07
Examples of materials exhibiting the above properties, and their typical/ common applications |
|---|
Characterization and measurements of properties
Characterization and measurements of properties: Unit 01
X-ray diffraction |
|---|
Characterization and measurements of properties: Unit 02
Spectroscopic techniques such as UV-Vis, IR, and Raman |
|---|
Characterization and measurements of properties: Unit 03
Optical microscopy |
|---|
Characterization and measurements of properties: Unit 04
Electron microscopy |
|---|
Characterization and measurements of properties: Unit 05
Composition analysis in electron microscopes |
|---|
Characterization and measurements of properties: Unit 06
Tensile test |
|---|
Characterization and measurements of properties: Unit 07
Hardness measurement |
|---|
Characterization and measurements of properties: Unit 08
Electrical conductivity |
|---|
Characterization and measurements of properties: Unit 09
Carrier mobility and concentrations |
|---|
Characterization and measurements of properties: Unit 10
Thermal analysis techniques |
|---|
| Thermogravimetry and calorimetry |
Processing of materials
Processing of materials: Unit 01
Heat treatment of ferrous and aluminium alloys |
|---|
Processing of materials: Unit 02
Preparation of ceramic powders, sintering |
|---|
Processing of materials: Unit 03
Thin film deposition |
|---|
| Evaporation and sputtering techniques, and chemical vapour deposition, thin film growth phenomena |
Degradation of materials
Degradation of materials: Unit 01
Corrosion and its prevention |
|---|
Degradation of materials: Unit 02
Embrittlement of metals |
|---|
Degradation of materials: Unit 03
Polymer degradation |
|---|
GATE XE Solid Mechanics Syllabus
Mechanics of rigid bodies
Mechanics of rigid bodies: Unit 01
Equivalent force systems |
|---|
Mechanics of rigid bodies: Unit 02
Free-body diagrams |
|---|
Mechanics of rigid bodies: Unit 03
Equilibrium equations |
|---|
Mechanics of rigid bodies: Unit 04
Analysis of determinate trusses and frames |
|---|
Mechanics of rigid bodies: Unit 05
Friction |
|---|
Mechanics of rigid bodies: Unit 06
Principle of minimum potential energy |
|---|
Mechanics of rigid bodies: Unit 07
Particle kinematics and dynamics |
|---|
Mechanics of rigid bodies: Unit 08
Dynamics of rigid bodies under planar motion |
|---|
Mechanics of rigid bodies: Unit 09
Law of conservation of energy |
|---|
Mechanics of rigid bodies: Unit 10
Law of conservation of momentum |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 01
Stresses and strains |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 02
Transformation of stresses and strains |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 03
Principal stresses and strains |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 04
Mohr's circle for plane stress and plane strain |
|---|
| Free vibration of undamped single degree of freedom systems |
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 05
Generalized Hooke's law |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 06
Elastic constants |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 07
Thermal stresses |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 08
Theories of failure |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 09
Axial force, shear force, and bending moment diagrams |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 10
Axial, shear, and bending stresses |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 11
Combined stresses |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 12
Deflection (for symmetric bending) |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 13
Torsion in circular shafts |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 14
Thin walled pressure vessels |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 15
Energy methods (Castigliano's theorems) |
|---|
Mechanics of deformable bodies: Unit 16
Euler buckling |
|---|
Vibrations
Vibrations: Unit 01
Free vibration of undamped single degree of freedom systems |
|---|
GATE XE Thermodynamics Syllabus
Basic concepts
Basic concepts: Unit 01
Continuum and macroscopic approach |
|---|
Basic concepts: Unit 02
Thermodynamic systems (closed and open) |
|---|
Basic concepts: Unit 03
Thermodynamic properties and equilibrium |
|---|
Basic concepts: Unit 04
State of a system |
|---|
Basic concepts: Unit 05
State postulate for simple compressible substances |
|---|
Basic concepts: Unit 06
State diagrams |
|---|
Basic concepts: Unit 07
Paths and processes on state diagrams |
|---|
Basic concepts: Unit 08
Concepts of heat and work |
|---|
Basic concepts: Unit 09
Different modes of work |
|---|
Basic concepts: Unit 10
Zeroth law of thermodynamics |
|---|
Basic concepts: Unit 11
Concept of temperature |
|---|
First law of thermodynamics
First law of thermodynamics: Unit 01
Concept of energy and various forms of energy |
|---|
First law of thermodynamics: Unit 02
Internal energy |
|---|
First law of thermodynamics: Unit 03
Enthalpy |
|---|
First law of thermodynamics: Unit 04
Specific heats |
|---|
First law of thermodynamics: Unit 05
First law applied to elementary processes |
|---|
First law of thermodynamics: Unit 06
Closed systems and control volumes |
|---|
First law of thermodynamics: Unit 07
Steady and unsteady flow analysis |
|---|
Second law of thermodynamics
Second law of thermodynamics: Unit 01
Limitations of the first law of thermodynamics |
|---|
Second law of thermodynamics: Unit 02
Concepts of heat engines and heat pumps/ refrigerators |
|---|
Second law of thermodynamics: Unit 03
Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements and their equivalence |
|---|
Second law of thermodynamics: Unit 04
Reversible and irreversible processes |
|---|
Second law of thermodynamics: Unit 05
Carnot cycle and Carnot principles/ theorems |
|---|
Second law of thermodynamics: Unit 06
Thermodynamic temperature scale |
|---|
Second law of thermodynamics: Unit 07
Clausius inequality and concept of entropy |
|---|
Second law of thermodynamics: Unit 08
Microscopic interpretation of entropy |
|---|
Second law of thermodynamics: Unit 09
The principle of increase of entropy |
|---|
Second law of thermodynamics: Unit 10
T-s diagrams |
|---|
Second law of thermodynamics: Unit 11
Second law analysis of control volume |
|---|
Second law of thermodynamics: Unit 12
Availability and irreversibility |
|---|
Second law of thermodynamics: Unit 13
Third law of thermodynamics |
|---|
Properties of pure substances
Properties of pure substances: Unit 01
Thermodynamic properties of pure substances in solid, liquid, and vapour phases |
|---|
Properties of pure substances: Unit 02
P-v-T behaviour of simple compressible substances |
|---|
Properties of pure substances: Unit 03
Phase rule |
|---|
Properties of pure substances: Unit 04
Thermodynamic property tables and charts |
|---|
Properties of pure substances: Unit 05
Ideal and real gases |
|---|
Properties of pure substances: Unit 06
Ideal gas equation of state and Van Der Waals equation of state |
|---|
Properties of pure substances: Unit 07
Law of corresponding states |
|---|
Properties of pure substances: Unit 08
Compressibility factor and generalized compressibility chart |
|---|
Thermodynamic relations
Thermodynamic relations: Unit 01
T-ds relations |
|---|
Thermodynamic relations: Unit 02
Helmholtz and Gibbs functions |
|---|
Thermodynamic relations: Unit 03
Gibbs relations |
|---|
Thermodynamic relations: Unit 04
Maxwell relations |
|---|
Thermodynamic relations: Unit 05
Joule-Thomson coefficient |
|---|
Thermodynamic relations: Unit 06
Coefficient of volume expansion |
|---|
Thermodynamic relations: Unit 07
Adiabatic and isothermal compressibilities |
|---|
Thermodynamic relations: Unit 08
Clapeyron and Clapeyron-Clausius equations |
|---|
Thermodynamic cycles
Thermodynamic cycles: Unit 01
Carnot vapour cycle |
|---|
Thermodynamic cycles: Unit 02
Ideal Rankine cycle |
|---|
Thermodynamic cycles: Unit 03
Rankine reheat cycle |
|---|
Thermodynamic cycles: Unit 04
Air-standard Otto cycle |
|---|
Thermodynamic cycles: Unit 05
Air-standard diesel cycle |
|---|
Thermodynamic cycles: Unit 06
Air-standard Brayton cycle |
|---|
Thermodynamic cycles: Unit 07
Vapour-compression refrigeration cycle |
|---|
Ideal gas mixtures
Ideal gas mixtures: Unit 01
Dalton's and Amagat's laws |
|---|
Ideal gas mixtures: Unit 02
Properties of ideal gas mixtures |
|---|
Ideal gas mixtures: Unit 03
Air-water vapour mixtures and simple thermodynamic processes involving them |
|---|
Ideal gas mixtures: Unit 04
Specific and relative humidities |
|---|
Ideal gas mixtures: Unit 05
Dew point and wet bulb temperature |
|---|
Ideal gas mixtures: Unit 06
Adiabatic saturation temperature |
|---|
Ideal gas mixtures: Unit 07
Psychrometric chart |
|---|
GATE XE Polymer Science and Engineering Syllabus
Polymer science and engineering
Polymer science and engineering: Unit 01
Chemistry of high polymers |
|---|
| Monomers, functionality, degree of polymerizations, classification of polymers, glass transition, melting transition, criteria for rubberiness, polymerization methods: Addition and condensation; their kinetics |
| Metallocene polymers and other newer methods of polymerization, copolymerization, monomer reactivity ratios and its significance, kinetics, different copolymers, random, alternating, azeotropic copolymerization, block and graft copolymers |
| Techniques for polymerization-bulk, solution, suspension, emulsion |
| Concept of intermolecular order (morphology)-amorphous, crystalline, orientation states |
| Factor affecting crystallinity |
| Crystalline transition |
| Effect of morphology on polymer properties |
Polymer science and engineering: Unit 02
Polymer characterization |
|---|
| Solubility and swelling, concept of molecular weight distribution and its significance, concept of average molecular weight, determination of number average, weight average, viscosity average and Z-average molecular weights, polymer crystallinity |
| Analysis of polymers using IR, XRD, thermal (DSC, DMTA, TGA), microscopic (optical and electronic) techniques, Molecular wt. distribution: Broad and Narrow, GPC, Mooney viscosity |
Polymer science and engineering: Unit 03
Synthesis, manufacturing, and properties |
|---|
| Commodity and general purpose thermoplastics: PE, PP, PS, PVC, polyesters, acrylic, PU polymers |
| Engineering plastics: Nylon, PC, PBT, PSU, PPO, ABS, fluoropolymers thermosetting polymers: Polyurethane, PF, MF, UF, Epoxy, unsaturated polyester, alkyds |
| Natural and synthetic rubbers: Recovery of NR hydrocarbon from latex; SBR, nitrile, CR, CSM, EPDM, IIR, BR, silicone, TPE, speciality plastics: PEK, PEEK, PPS, PSU, PES etc |
| Biopolymers such as PLA, PHA/ PHB |
Polymer science and engineering: Unit 04
Polymer blends and composites |
|---|
| Difference between blends and composites, their significance, choice of polymers for blending, blend miscibility-miscible and immiscible blends, thermodynamics, phase morphology, polymer alloys, polymer eutectics, plastic-plastic |
| Rubber-plastic and rubber-rubber blends, FRP, particulate, long and short fibre reinforced composites |
| Polymer reinforcement, reinforcing fibers-natural and synthetic, base polymer for reinforcement (unsaturated polyester), ingredients/ recipes for reinforced polymer composite |
Polymer science and engineering: Unit 05
Polymer technology |
|---|
| Polymer compounding-need and significance, different compounding ingredients for rubber and plastics (antioxidants, light stabilizers, UV stabilizers, lubricants, processing aids, impact modifiers, flame retardant, antistatic agents |
| PVC stabilizers and plasticizers) and their function, use of carbon black, polymer mixing equipments, cross-linking and vulcanization, vulcanization kinetics |
Polymer science and engineering: Unit 06
Polymer rheology |
|---|
| Flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, different flow equations, dependence of shear modulus on temperature, molecular/ segmental deformations at different zones and transitions |
| Measurements of rheological parameters by capillary rotating, parallel plate, cone-plate rheometer |
| Viscoelasticity-creep and stress relaxations, mechanical models, control of rheological characteristics through compounding, rubber curing in parallel plate viscometer, ODR and MDR |
Polymer science and engineering: Unit 07
Polymer processing |
|---|
| Compression molding, transfer molding, injection molding, blow molding, reaction injection molding, filament winding, SMC, BMC, DMC, extrusion, pultrusion, calendaring, rotational molding, thermoforming, powder coating |
| Rubber processing in two-roll mill, internal mixer, twin screw extruder |
Polymer science and engineering: Unit 08
Polymer testing |
|---|
| Mechanical-static and dynamic tensile, flexural, compressive, abrasion, endurance, fatigue, hardness, tear, resilience, impact, toughness |
| Conductivity-thermal and electrical, dielectric constant, dissipation factor, power factor, electric resistance, surface resistivity, volume resistivity, swelling, ageing resistance, environmental stress cracking resistance, limiting oxygen index |
| Heat deflection temperature-Vicat softening temperature, brittleness temperature, glass transition temperature, coefficient of thermal expansion, shrinkage, flammability, dielectric constant, dissipation factor, power factor, optical properties |
| Refractive index, luminous transmittance and haze, melt flow index |
Polymer science and engineering: Unit 09
Polymer recycling and waste management |
|---|
| Polymer waste, and its impact on environment, sources, identification, and separation techniques, recycling classification, recycling of thermoplastics, thermosets and rubbers, applications of recycled materials |
| Life cycle assessment of polymer products (case studies like PET bottles, packaging bags) |
GATE XE Food Technology Syllabus
Food chemistry and nutrition
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 01
Carbohydrates |
|---|
| Structure and functional properties of mono-, oligo-, and poly-saccharides including starch, cellulose, pectic substances and dietary fibre, gelatinization and retrogradation of starch |
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 02
Proteins |
|---|
| Classification and structure of proteins in food, biochemical changes in post mortem and tenderization of muscles |
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 03
Lipids |
|---|
| Classification and structure of lipids, rancidity, polymerization and polymorphism |
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 04
Pigments |
|---|
| Carotenoids, chlorophylls, anthocyanins, tannins, and myoglobin |
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 05
Food flavours |
|---|
| Terpenes, esters, aldehydes, ketones, and quinines |
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 06
Enzymes |
|---|
| Specificity, simple, and inhibition kinetics, coenzymes, enzymatic and non-enzymatic browning |
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 07
Nutrition |
|---|
| Balanced diet, essential amino acids and essential fatty acids, protein efficiency ratio, water soluble and fat soluble vitamins, role of minerals in nutrition, cofactors, anti-nutrients, nutraceuticals, nutrient deficiency diseases |
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 08
Chemical and biochemical changes |
|---|
| Changes occur in foods during different processing |
Food microbiology
Food microbiology: Unit 01
Characteristics of microorganisms |
|---|
| Morphology of bacteria, yeast, mold, and actinomycetes, spores and vegetative cells, gram-staining |
Food microbiology: Unit 02
Microbial growth |
|---|
| Growth and death kinetics, serial dilution technique |
Food microbiology: Unit 03
Food spoilage |
|---|
| Spoilage micro organisms in different food products including milk, fish, meat, egg, cereals and, their products |
Food microbiology: Unit 04
Toxins from microbes |
|---|
| Pathogens and non-pathogens including staphylococcus, salmonella, Shebelle, escherichia, bacillus, clostridium, and aspergillums genera |
Food microbiology: Unit 05
Fermented foods and beverages |
|---|
| Curd, yoghurt, cheese, pickles, soya-sauce, sauerkraut, idly, dose, vinegar, alcoholic beverages and sausage |
Food products technology
Food products technology: Unit 01
Processing principles |
|---|
| Thermal processing, chilling, freezing, dehydration, addition of preservatives and food additives, irradiation, fermentation, hurdle technology, intermediate moisture food |
Food products technology: Unit 02
Food pack aging and storage |
|---|
| Packaging materials, aseptic packaging, controlled and modified atmosphere storage |
Food products technology: Unit 03
Cereal processing and products |
|---|
| Milling of rice, wheat, and maize, parboiling of paddy, bread, biscuits, extruded products and ready to eat breakfast cereals |
Food products technology: Unit 04
Oil processing |
|---|
| Expelling, solvent extraction, refining, and hydrogenation |
Food products technology: Unit 05
Fruits and vegetables processing |
|---|
| Extraction, clarification, concentration, and packaging of fruit juice, jam, jelly, marmalade, squash, candies, tomato sauce, ketchup, and puree, potato chips, pickles |
Food products technology: Unit 06
Plantation crops processing and products |
|---|
| Tea, coffee, cocoa, spice, extraction of essential oils, and oleoresins from spices |
Food products technology: Unit 07
Milk and milk products processing |
|---|
| Pasteurization and sterilization, cream, butter, ghee, ice-cream, cheese, and milk powder |
Food products technology: Unit 08
Processing of animal products |
|---|
| Drying, canning, and freezing of fish and meat; production of egg powder |
Food products technology: Unit 09
Waste utilization |
|---|
| Pectin from fruit wastes, uses of by-products from rice milling |
Food products technology: Unit 10
Food standards and quality maintenance |
|---|
| FPO, PFA, A-Mark, ISI, HACCP, food plant sanitation and cleaning in place (CIP) |
Food engineering
Food engineering: Unit 01
Mass and energy balance |
|---|
Food engineering: Unit 02
Momentum transfer |
|---|
| Flow rate and pressure drop relationships for Newtonian fluids flowing through pipe, Reynolds number |
Food engineering: Unit 03
Heat transfer |
|---|
| Heat transfer by conduction, convection, radiation, heat exchangers |
Food engineering: Unit 04
Mass transfer |
|---|
| Molecular diffusion and Flick's law, conduction and convective mass transfer, permeability through single and multilayer films |
Food engineering: Unit 05
Mechanical operations |
|---|
| Size reduction of solids, high pressure homogenization, filtration, centrifugation, settling, sieving, mixing and agitation of liquid |
Food engineering: Unit 06
Thermal operations |
|---|
| Thermal sterilization, evaporation of liquid foods, hot air drying of solids, spray and freeze-drying, freezing and crystallization |
Food engineering: Unit 07
Mass transfer operations |
|---|
| Psychometric, humidification, and dehumidification operations |
GATE XE Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Syllabus
Atmospheric and Ocean science
Atmospheric and Ocean science: Unit 01
Atmospheric science |
|---|
| Vertical structure and composition of the atmosphere |
| Blackbody radiation and radiation balance |
| Modes of heat transfer in the atmosphere |
| Greenhouse effect |
| Cloud types |
| Laws of thermodynamics |
| Gas laws |
| Hydrostatic equation |
| Clausius Clapeyron equation |
| Adiabatic processes |
| Humidity in the atmosphere |
| Atmospheric stability |
| Weather and climate |
| Navier-Stokes and Continuity equations |
| Compressible and incompressible fluids |
| Pressure gradient |
| Centripetal, centrifugal, and Coriolis forces |
| Geostrophic |
| Gradient and cyclostrophic balances |
| Circulations and vorticity |
| General circulation of the atmosphere |
| Broad features of Indian monsoons |
| Monsoon depressions |
| Tropical convergence zones |
| Tropical cyclones |
Atmospheric and Ocean science: Unit 02
Ocean science |
|---|
| Vertical profiles of temperature and salinity |
| Stability and double diffusion |
| Equation of state |
| Equations for conservation of mass |
| Momentum |
| Heat and salt |
| Inertial currents |
| Geostrophic motion |
| Air-sea surface fluxes |
| Wind-driven circulation |
| Ekman and Sverdrup transports |
| Storm surges |
| Tides |
| Tsunamis and wind waves |
| Eddies and gyres |
| Eastern and western boundary currents |
| Equatorial currents |
| Indian ocean current systems |
| Thermohaline circulation |
| Chemical properties of seawater |
| Major and minor elements |
| Ocean acidification |
| Biochemical cycling of nutrients |
| Trace metals and organic matter |
| Biological pump |
| Primary and secondary biological productivity |
| Air-sea exchange of biogenic dissolved gases |
| Marine ecology |
GATE XL Chemistry Syllabus
Atomic structure and periodicity
Atomic structure and periodicity: Unit 01
Planck's quantum theory |
|---|
Atomic structure and periodicity: Unit 02
Wave particle duality |
|---|
Atomic structure and periodicity: Unit 03
Uncertainty principle |
|---|
Atomic structure and periodicity: Unit 04
Comparison between Bohr's model and quantum mechanical model of hydrogen atom |
|---|
Atomic structure and periodicity: Unit 05
Electronic configuration of atoms and ions |
|---|
Atomic structure and periodicity: Unit 06
Hund's rule and Pauli's exclusion principle |
|---|
Atomic structure and periodicity: Unit 07
Periodic table and periodic properties |
|---|
| Ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, and atomic size |
Structure and bonding
Structure and bonding: Unit 01
Ionic and covalent bonding |
|---|
Structure and bonding: Unit 02
MO and VB approaches for diatomic molecules |
|---|
Structure and bonding: Unit 03
VSEPR theory and shape of molecules |
|---|
Structure and bonding: Unit 04
Hybridization |
|---|
Structure and bonding: Unit 05
Resonance |
|---|
Structure and bonding: Unit 06
Dipole moment |
|---|
Structure and bonding: Unit 07
Structure parameters such as bond length, bond angle, and bond energy |
|---|
Structure and bonding: Unit 08
Hydrogen bonding and Van Der Waals interactions |
|---|
Structure and bonding: Unit 09
Ionic solids, ionic radii, and lattice energy (Born‐Haber cycle) |
|---|
Structure and bonding: Unit 10
HSAB principle |
|---|
s, p, and d block elements
s, p, and d block elements: Unit 01
Oxides |
|---|
s, p, and d block elements: Unit 02
Halides and hydrides of alkali |
|---|
s, p, and d block elements: Unit 03
Alkaline earth metals |
|---|
s, p, and d block elements: Unit 04
B, Al, Si, N, P, and S |
|---|
s, p, and d block elements: Unit 05
General characteristics of 3D elements |
|---|
s, p, and d block elements: Unit 06
Coordination complexes |
|---|
| Valence bond and crystal field theory, colour, geometry, magnetic properties and isomerism |
Chemical equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium: Unit 01
Osmotic pressure |
|---|
Chemical equilibrium: Unit 02
Elevation of boiling point and depression of freezing point |
|---|
Chemical equilibrium: Unit 03
Ionic equilibrium in solution |
|---|
Chemical equilibrium: Unit 04
Solubility product |
|---|
Chemical equilibrium: Unit 05
Common ion effect |
|---|
Chemical equilibrium: Unit 06
Hydrolysis of salts |
|---|
Chemical equilibrium: Unit 07
Ph |
|---|
Chemical equilibrium: Unit 08
Buffer and their applications |
|---|
Chemical equilibrium: Unit 09
Equilibrium constants (Kc, Kp, and Kx) for homogeneous reactions |
|---|
Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry: Unit 01
Conductance |
|---|
Electrochemistry: Unit 02
Kohlrausch's law |
|---|
Electrochemistry: Unit 03
Cell potentials |
|---|
Electrochemistry: Unit 04
EMF |
|---|
Electrochemistry: Unit 05
Nernst equation |
|---|
Electrochemistry: Unit 06
Thermodynamic aspects and their applications |
|---|
Reaction kinetics
Reaction kinetics: Unit 01
Rate constant |
|---|
Reaction kinetics: Unit 02
Order of reaction |
|---|
Reaction kinetics: Unit 03
Molecularity |
|---|
Reaction kinetics: Unit 04
Activation energy |
|---|
Reaction kinetics: Unit 05
Zero, first, and second order kinetics |
|---|
Reaction kinetics: Unit 06
Catalysis and elementary enzyme reactions |
|---|
Reaction kinetics: Unit 07
Reversible and irreversible inhibition of enzymes |
|---|
Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics: Unit 01
Qualitative treatment of state and path functions |
|---|
Thermodynamics: Unit 02
First law of thermodynamics |
|---|
Thermodynamics: Unit 03
Reversible and irreversible processes |
|---|
Thermodynamics: Unit 04
Internal energy |
|---|
Thermodynamics: Unit 05
Enthalpy |
|---|
Thermodynamics: Unit 06
Kirchhoff equation |
|---|
Thermodynamics: Unit 07
Heat of reaction |
|---|
Thermodynamics: Unit 08
Hess's law |
|---|
Thermodynamics: Unit 09
Heat of formation |
|---|
Thermodynamics: Unit 10
Second law of thermodynamics |
|---|
Thermodynamics: Unit 11
Entropy and free energy |
|---|
Thermodynamics: Unit 12
Gibbs‐Helmholtz equation |
|---|
Thermodynamics: Unit 13
Free energy change and spontaneity |
|---|
Thermodynamics: Unit 14
Free energy changes from equilibrium constant |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 01
Acids and bases |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 02
Electronic and steric effects |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 03
Stereochemistry |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 04
Optical and geometrical isomerism |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 05
Tautomerism |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 06
Conformers and concept of aromaticity |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 07
Elementary treatment of SN1, SN2, E1, E2, and radical reactions |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 08
Hoffmann/ Saytzeff rules |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 09
Addition reactions |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 10
Markovnikov's rule and Kharasch effect |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 11
Elementary hydroboration reactions |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 12
Grignard's reagents and their uses |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 13
Aromatic electrophilic substitutions |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 14
Orientation effect as exemplified by various functional groups |
|---|
Structure-reactivity correlations and organic reaction mechanisms: Unit 15
Identification of common functional groups by chemical tests |
|---|
Chemistry of biomolecules
Chemistry of biomolecules: Unit 01
Amino acids |
|---|
Chemistry of biomolecules: Unit 02
Proteins |
|---|
Chemistry of biomolecules: Unit 03
Nucleic acids and nucleotides |
|---|
Chemistry of biomolecules: Unit 04
Peptide sequencing by chemical and enzymatic proteolytic methods |
|---|
Chemistry of biomolecules: Unit 05
DNA sequencing by chemical and enzymatic methods |
|---|
Chemistry of biomolecules: Unit 06
Carbohydrates (up to hexoses only) |
|---|
Chemistry of biomolecules: Unit 07
Lipids (triglycerides only) |
|---|
Chemistry of biomolecules: Unit 08
Principles of biomolecule purification-ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography |
|---|
Chemistry of biomolecules: Unit 09
Identification of these biomolecules and Beer-Lambert's law |
|---|
GATE XL Biochemistry Syllabus
Biochemistry
Biochemistry: Unit 01
Section-1 |
|---|
| Organization of life |
| Importance of water |
| Structure and function of biomolecules: Amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids |
| Protein structure |
| Folding/ misfolding and function |
| Myoglobin |
| Haemoglobin |
| Lysozyme |
| Ribonuclease A |
| Carboxypeptidase and chymotrypsin |
Biochemistry: Unit 02
Section-2 |
|---|
| Enzyme kinetics including its regulation and inhibition |
| Vitamins and coenzymes |
| Metabolism and bioenergetics |
| Generation and utilization of ATP |
| Metabolic pathways and their regulation: Glycolysis, TCA cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phosphorylation, gluconeogenesis, glycogen and fatty acid metabolism |
| Metabolism of nitrogen containing compounds: Nitrogen fixation, amino acids and nucleotides |
| Photosynthesis |
| Calvin cycle |
Biochemistry: Unit 03
Section-3 |
|---|
| Biochemical separation techniques: Ion exchange, size exclusion and affinity chromatography, centrifugation |
| Characterization of biomolecules by electrophoresis |
| DNA-protein and protein-protein interactions |
| UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy |
| Mass spectrometry |
Biochemistry: Unit 04
Section-4 |
|---|
| Cell structure and organelles |
| Biological membranes |
| Action potential |
| Transport across membranes |
| Membrane assembly and protein targeting |
| Signal transduction |
| Receptor-ligand interaction |
| Hormones and neurotransmitters |
Biochemistry: Unit 05
Section-5 |
|---|
| DNA replication |
| Transcription and translation |
| DNA damage and repair |
| Biochemical regulation of gene expression |
| Recombinant DNA technology and applications: PCR, site directed mutagenesis, DNA-microarray |
| Next generation sequencing |
| Gene silencing and editing |
Biochemistry: Unit 06
Section-6 |
|---|
| Immune system: Innate and adaptive |
| Cell of the immune system |
| Active and passive immunity |
| Complement system |
| Antibody structure, function and diversity |
| B cell and T cell receptors |
| B cell and T cell activation |
| Major histocompatibilty complex |
| Immunological techniques: Immunodiffusion, immune-electrophoresis, RIA and ELISA, flow cytometry |
| monoclonal antibodies and their applications |
GATE XL Botany Syllabus
Botany
Botany: Unit 01
Plant systematics |
|---|
| Botanical nomenclature, history of plant taxonomy, diversity and classification of plants, APG system of plant classification; phylogenetics and cladistics, molecular taxonomy and DNA barcoding; centers for plant taxonomy and herbaria in India |
Botany: Unit 02
Plant anatomy |
|---|
| Anatomy of root, stem, and leaves, floral organs, embryo and young seedlings, primary and secondary meristems, stellar organization, vascular system and their ontogeny, xylem and phloem structure, secondary growth in plants and wood anatomy |
| Plant cell structure and differences from animal cells |
Botany: Unit 03
Plant development; cell and tissue morphogenesis |
|---|
| Life cycle of an angiosperm, development of male and female gametophyte; cell fate determination and tissue patterning; spacing mechanisms in trichomes and stomata |
| Embryogenesis, organization and function of shoot, and root apical meristems |
| Transition to flowering: Photoperiodism and vernalization, ABC model of floral organ patterning, pollen germination, double fertilization, seed development; xylem and phloem cell differentiation, photomorphogenesis; phytochrome, cryptochrome, phototropin |
| Role of auxin, cytokinin, gibberellins, and brassinosteroids on plant development |
Botany: Unit 04
Plant physiology and biochemistry |
|---|
| Plant water relations, mechanisms of uptake and transport of water, ions, solutes from soil to plants, apoplastic and symplastic transport mechanisms |
| Mechanism of stomatal movements, nitrogen metabolism, photosynthesis; C3, C4, and CAM cycles, photorespiration, respiration: Glycolysis, TCA cycle, and electron transport chain |
| Plant responses and mechanisms of abiotic stresses including drought, salinity, freezing, and heat stress, metal toxicity; role of abscisic acid in abiotic stresses |
| Structure and function of biomolecules (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acid), enzyme kinetics |
| Structure and biosynthesis of major plant secondary metabolites (alkaloids, terpenes, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids) |
| Biosynthesis, mechanism of action, and physiological effects of auxin, cytokinin, gibberellic acids, brassinosteroid, ethylene, strigolactone, abscisic acid, salicylic and jasmonic acid |
| Senescence and programmed cell death |
Botany: Unit 05
Genetics and genomics |
|---|
| Cell cycle and cell division |
| Principles of Mendelian inheritance, linkage, recombination, genetic mapping; extra chromosomal inheritance; introduction to epigenetics; gene silencing-transgene silencing, post transcriptional gene silencing, miRNA and siRNA |
| Evolution and organization of eukaryotic genome structure, gene expression, gene mutation, and repair, chromosomal aberrations (numerical: Euploidy and aneuploidy, and structural: Deletion, duplication, inversion, translocation), transposons |
| Model organisms for functional genetics and genomics; introduction to transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics |
Botany: Unit 06
Plant breeding, genetic modification, genome editing |
|---|
| Principles, methods-selection, hybridization, heterosis; male sterility, genetic maps, and molecular markers, embryo rescue, haploid and doubled haploids, plant tissue culture: Micropropagation, embryo culture, and in vitro regeneration |
| Plant tissue culture: Somatic embryogenesis, artificial seed, cryopreservation, somaclonal variation, somatic cell hybridization, marker-assisted selection, gene transfer methods viz. direct and vector-mediated, generation of transgenic plants |
| Introduction to genome editing: CRISPR/ Cas9, cre-lox system to generate chimeras; plastid transformation; chemical mutagenesis |
Botany: Unit 07
Economic and applied botany |
|---|
| A general account of economically and medicinally important plants-cereals, pulses, plants yielding fibers, timber, sugar, beverages, oils, rubber, pigments, dyes, gums, drugs and narcotics |
| Economic importance of algae, fungi, lichen, and bacteria |
| Major Indian cash crops |
| Effect of industrialization on agricultural botany such as plastic on fiber economy |
| Genetically modified crops and its regulation example Bt cotton, Bt brinjal, golden rice etc |
Botany: Unit 08
Plant pathology |
|---|
| Nature and classification of plant diseases, diseases of important crops caused by fungi, bacteria, nematodes, and viruses, and their control measures (chemical and biological) mechanism (s) of pathogenesis |
| Resistance: Basal, systemic, induced systemic resistance, gene for gene concept |
| Molecular detection of pathogens; plant-microbe interactions: Symbionts and mycorrhiza, pathogens and pests |
| Signaling pathways in plant defence response; salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) in plant-pathogen and plant-herbivore interaction, necrosis; host-parasitic plant interaction (such as cuscuta) |
Botany: Unit 09
Ecology and environment |
|---|
| Ecosystems-types, dynamics, degradation, biogeochemical cycles, ecological succession; food webs and energy flow through ecosystem; vegetation types of the world, Indian vegetation types and biogeographical zones, climate, and flora endemism |
| Pollution and global climate change, speciation and extinction, biodiversity and conservation strategies, ecological hotspots, afforestation, habitat restoration; plant interactions with other organisms; epiphytes, parasites, and endophytes |
GATE XL Microbiology Syllabus
Microbiology
Microbiology: Unit 01
Historical perspective |
|---|
| Discovery of microbial world |
| Landmark discoveries relevant to the field of microbiology |
| Controversy over spontaneous generation |
| Role of microorganisms in transformation of organic matter and in the causation of diseases |
Microbiology: Unit 02
Methods in microbiology |
|---|
| Pure culture techniques |
| Principles of microbial nutrition |
| Enrichment culture techniques for isolation of microorganisms |
| Antigen and antibody detection methods for microbial diagnosis |
| Light-, phase contrast-, fluorescence-, and electron-microscopy |
| PCR, real-time PCR for quantitation of microbes |
| Next generation sequencing technologies in microbiology |
Microbiology: Unit 03
Microbial taxonomy and diversity |
|---|
| Bacteria, archea, and their broad classification |
| Eukaryotic microbes: Yeasts, molds, and protozoa |
| Viruses and their classification |
| Molecular approaches to microbial taxonomy and phylogeny |
Microbiology: Unit 04
Prokaryotic cells: Structure and function |
|---|
| Prokaryotic cells: Cell walls, cell membranes and their biosynthesis, mechanisms of solute transport across membranes, flagella and pili, capsules, cell inclusions like endospores and gas vesicles |
| Bacterial locomotion, including positive and negative chemotaxis |
Microbiology: Unit 05
Microbial growth |
|---|
| Definition of growth |
| Growth curve |
| Mathematical expression of exponential growth phase |
| Measurement of growth and growth yields |
| Synchronous growth |
| Continuous culture |
| Effect of environmental factors on growth |
| Bacterial biofilm and biofouling |
Microbiology: Unit 06
Control of microorganisms |
|---|
| Disinfection and sterilization: Principles, methods, and assessment of efficacy |
Microbiology: Unit 07
Microbial metabolism |
|---|
| Energetics: Redox reactions and electron carriers |
| Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation |
| An overview of metabolism |
| Glycolysis |
| Pentose-phosphate pathway |
| Entner-Doudoroff pathway |
| Glyoxalate pathway |
| The citric acid cycle |
| Fermentation |
| Aerobic and anaerobic respiration |
| Chemolithotrophy |
| Photosynthesis |
| Calvin cycle |
| Biosynthetic pathway for fatty acids synthesis |
| Common regulatory mechanisms in synthesis of amino acids |
| Regulation of major metabolic pathways |
Microbiology: Unit 08
Microbial diseases and host pathogen interaction |
|---|
| Normal microbiota |
| Classification of infectious diseases |
| Reservoirs of infection |
| Nosocomial infection |
| Opportunistic infections |
| Emerging infectious diseases |
| Mechanism of microbial pathogenicity |
| Nonspecific defense of host; antigens and antibodies |
| Humoral and cell mediated immunity |
| Vaccines |
| Passive immunization |
| Immune deficiency |
| Human diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, and pathogenic fungi |
Microbiology: Unit 09
Chemotherapy/ antibiotics |
|---|
| General characteristics of antimicrobial drugs |
| Antibiotics: Classification molecular mechanism of mode of action and resistance |
| Antifungal and antiviral drugs |
Microbiology: Unit 10
Microbial genetics |
|---|
| Types of mutation |
| UV and chemical mutagens |
| Selection of mutants |
| Ames test for mutagenesis |
| Bacterial genetic system: Transformation, conjugation, transduction, recombination, plasmids, transposons |
| DNA repair |
| Regulation of gene expression: Repression and induction |
| Operon model |
| Bacterial genome with special reference to E. coli |
| Phage λ and its life cycle |
| RNA phages |
| Mutation in virus genomes, virus recombination and reassortment |
| Basic concept of microbial genomics |
Microbiology: Unit 11
Microbial ecology |
|---|
| Microbial interactions |
| Carbon, sulphur, and nitrogen cycles |
| Soil microorganisms associated with vascular plants |
| Bioremediation |
| Uncultivable microorganisms |
| Basic concept of metagenomics and metatranscriptomics |
GATE XL Zoology Syllabus
Zoology
Zoology: Unit 01
Animal diversity |
|---|
| Distribution |
| Systematics and classification of animals |
| Phylogenetic relationships (based on classical and molecular phylogenetic tools) |
Zoology: Unit 02
Evolution |
|---|
| Origin and history of life on earth |
| Theories of evolution |
| Natural selection |
| Adaptation |
| Speciation |
Zoology: Unit 03
Genetics |
|---|
| Basic principles of inheritance |
| Molecular basis of heredity |
| Sex determination and sex-linked characteristics |
| Cytoplasmic inheritance |
| Linkage |
| Recombination and mapping of genes in eukaryotes |
| Population genetics |
| Genetic disorders |
| Roles of model organisms in understanding genetic principles |
Zoology: Unit 04
Biochemistry and molecular biology |
|---|
| Nucleic acids |
| Proteins |
| Lipids and carbohydrates |
| Replication |
| Transcription and translation |
| Krebs cycle |
| Glycolysis |
| Enzyme Catalysis |
| Hormones and their actions |
| Roles of vitamins and minerals |
Zoology: Unit 05
Cell biology |
|---|
| Basic principles of cellular microscopy |
| Structure of cell |
| Cytoskeletal organization |
| Cellular organelles and their structure and function |
| Cell cycle |
| Cell division |
| Chromosomes and chromatin structure |
Zoology: Unit 06
Gene expression in Eukaryotes |
|---|
| Eukaryotic genome organization and regulation of gene expression |
| Transposable elements |
Zoology: Unit 07
Animal anatomy and physiology |
|---|
| Comparative physiology |
| The respiratory system |
| Muscular system |
| Circulatory system |
| Digestive system |
| The nervous system |
| The excretory system |
| The endocrine system |
| The reproductive system |
| The skeletal system |
Zoology: Unit 08
Parasitology and immunology |
|---|
| Nature of parasite |
| Host-parasite relation |
| Protozoan and helminthic parasites |
| The immune response |
| Cellular and humoral immune response |
Zoology: Unit 09
Development biology |
|---|
| Gametogenesis |
| Embryonic development |
| Cellular differentiation |
| Organogenesis |
| Metamorphosis |
| Model organisms used in developmental biology |
| Genetic and molecular basis of development |
| Stem cells |
Zoology: Unit 10
Ecology |
|---|
| The ecosystem |
| Animal distribution |
| Ecological niche and its contribution to ecological diversity |
| The food chain |
| Population dynamics |
| Species diversity |
| Zoogeography |
| Biogeochemical cycles |
| Conservation biology |
| Ecotoxicology |
Zoology: Unit 11
Animal behaviour |
|---|
| Type of behaviours |
| Courtship |
| Mating and territoriality |
| Instinct |
| Learning and memory |
| Social behaviour across the animal taxa |
| Communication |
| Pheromones |
| Evolution of behaviour in animals |
GATE XL Food Technology Syllabus
Food chemistry and nutrition
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 01
Carbohydrates |
|---|
| Structure and functional properties of mono-, oligo-, and poly-saccharides including starch, cellulose, pectic substances and dietary fibre, gelatinization and retrogradation of starch |
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 02
Proteins |
|---|
| Classification and structure of proteins in food, biochemical changes in post mortem and tenderization of muscles |
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 03
Lipids |
|---|
| Classification and structure of lipids, rancidity, polymerization and polymorphism |
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 04
Pigments |
|---|
| Carotenoids, chlorophylls, anthocyanins, tannins, and myoglobin |
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 05
Food flavours |
|---|
| Terpenes, esters, aldehydes, ketones, and quinines |
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 06
Enzymes |
|---|
| Specificity, simple, and inhibition kinetics, coenzymes, enzymatic and non-enzymatic browning |
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 07
Nutrition |
|---|
| Balanced diet, essential amino acids and essential fatty acids, protein efficiency ratio, water soluble and fat soluble vitamins, role of minerals in nutrition, cofactors, anti-nutrients, nutraceuticals, nutrient deficiency diseases |
Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 08
Chemical and biochemical changes |
|---|
| Changes occur in foods during different processing |
Food microbiology
Food microbiology: Unit 01
Characteristics of microorganisms |
|---|
| Morphology of bacteria, yeast, mold, and actinomycetes, spores and vegetative cells, gram-staining |
Food microbiology: Unit 02
Microbial growth |
|---|
| Growth and death kinetics, serial dilution technique |
Food microbiology: Unit 03
Food spoilage |
|---|
| Spoilage micro organisms in different food products including milk, fish, meat, egg, cereals and, their products |
Food microbiology: Unit 04
Toxins from microbes |
|---|
| Pathogens and non-pathogens including staphylococcus, salmonella, Shebelle, escherichia, bacillus, clostridium, and aspergillums genera |
Food microbiology: Unit 05
Fermented foods and beverages |
|---|
| Curd, yoghurt, cheese, pickles, soya-sauce, sauerkraut, idly, dose, vinegar, alcoholic beverages and sausage |
Food products technology
Food products technology: Unit 01
Processing principles |
|---|
| Thermal processing, chilling, freezing, dehydration, addition of preservatives and food additives, irradiation, fermentation, hurdle technology, intermediate moisture food |
Food products technology: Unit 02
Food pack aging and storage |
|---|
| Packaging materials, aseptic packaging, controlled and modified atmosphere storage |
Food products technology: Unit 03
Cereal processing and products |
|---|
| Milling of rice, wheat, and maize, parboiling of paddy, bread, biscuits, extruded products and ready to eat breakfast cereals |
Food products technology: Unit 04
Oil processing |
|---|
| Expelling, solvent extraction, refining, and hydrogenation |
Food products technology: Unit 05
Fruits and vegetables processing |
|---|
| Extraction, clarification, concentration, and packaging of fruit juice, jam, jelly, marmalade, squash, candies, tomato sauce, ketchup, and puree, potato chips, pickles |
Food products technology: Unit 06
Plantation crops processing and products |
|---|
| Tea, coffee, cocoa, spice, extraction of essential oils, and oleoresins from spices |
Food products technology: Unit 07
Milk and milk products processing |
|---|
| Pasteurization and sterilization, cream, butter, ghee, ice-cream, cheese, and milk powder |
Food products technology: Unit 08
Processing of animal products |
|---|
| Drying, canning, and freezing of fish and meat; production of egg powder |
Food products technology: Unit 09
Waste utilization |
|---|
| Pectin from fruit wastes, uses of by-products from rice milling |
Food products technology: Unit 10
Food standards and quality maintenance |
|---|
| FPO, PFA, A-Mark, ISI, HACCP, food plant sanitation and cleaning in place (CIP) |
Food engineering
Food engineering: Unit 01
Mass and energy balance |
|---|
Food engineering: Unit 02
Momentum transfer |
|---|
| Flow rate and pressure drop relationships for Newtonian fluids flowing through pipe, Reynolds number |
Food engineering: Unit 03
Heat transfer |
|---|
| Heat transfer by conduction, convection, radiation, heat exchangers |
Food engineering: Unit 04
Mass transfer |
|---|
| Molecular diffusion and Flick's law, conduction and convective mass transfer, permeability through single and multilayer films |
Food engineering: Unit 05
Mechanical operations |
|---|
| Size reduction of solids, high pressure homogenization, filtration, centrifugation, settling, sieving, mixing and agitation of liquid |
Food engineering: Unit 06
Thermal operations |
|---|
| Thermal sterilization, evaporation of liquid foods, hot air drying of solids, spray and freeze-drying, freezing and crystallization |
Food engineering: Unit 07
Mass transfer operations |
|---|
| Psychometric, humidification, and dehumidification operations |
GATE Biomedical Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Engineering mathematics
Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Matrix algebra, systems of linear equations, eigen values and eigen vectors |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Mean value theorems, theorems of integral calculus, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, multiple integrals, Fourier series, vector identities, line, surface and volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green's theorems |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
Differential equations |
|---|
| First order linear and nonlinear differential equations, higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, method of separation of variables, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, initial and boundary value problems |
| Solution of partial differential equations |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
Analysis of complex variables |
|---|
| Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem and integral formula, Taylor's and Laurent's series, residue theorem |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Sampling theorems, conditional probability, mean, median, mode and standard deviation, random variables, discrete and continuous distributions: Normal, Poisson, and binomial distributions |
| Tests of Significance, statistical power analysis, and sample size estimation |
| Linear regression and correlation analysis |
Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
Numerical methods |
|---|
| Matrix inversion, numerical solutions of nonlinear algebraic equations, iterative methods for solving differential equations, numerical integration |
Electrical Circuits
Electrical Circuits: Unit 01
Voltage and current sources |
|---|
| Independent, dependent, ideal and practical; v-i relationships of resistor, inductor and capacitor; transient analysis of RLC circuits with de excitation; Kirchhoff's laws, superposition, Thevenin, Norton, maximum power transfer and reciprocity theorems |
| Peak, average and RMS values of ac quantities; apparent, active and reactive powers; phasor analysis, impedance and admittance; series and parallel resonance, realization of basic filters with R, L and C elements, Bode plot |
Signals and systems
Signals and systems: Unit 01
Continuous and discrete signal and systems |
|---|
| Periodic, aperiodic and impulse signals; sampling theorem; Laplace and Fourier transforms; impulse response of systems; transfer function, frequency response of first and second order linear time invariant systems, convolution, correlation |
| Discrete time systems-impulse response, frequency response, DFT, Z - transform; basics of IIR and FIR filters |
Analog and digital electronics
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 01
Basic characteristics and applications of diode, BJT and MOSFET |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 02
Characteristics and applications of operational amplifiers |
|---|
| Difference amplifier, adder, subtractor, integrator, differentiator, instrumentation amplifier, buffer, filters and waveform generators |
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 03
Number systems |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 04
Boolean algebra |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 05
Combinational logic circuits |
|---|
| Arithmetic circuits, comparators, Schmitt trigger, encoder/ decoder, MUX/ DEMUX, multi-vibrators |
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 06
Sequential circuits |
|---|
| Latches and flip flops, state diagrams, shift registers and counters |
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 07
Principles of ADC and DAC |
|---|
Analog and digital electronics: Unit 08
Microprocessor |
|---|
| Architecture, interfacing memory and input- output devices |
Measurements and control systems
Measurements and control systems: Unit 01
SI units |
|---|
Measurements and control systems: Unit 02
Systematic and random errors in measurement, |
|---|
Measurements and control systems: Unit 03
Expression of uncertainty |
|---|
| Accuracy and precision index, propagation of errors |
Measurements and control systems: Unit 04
PMMC |
|---|
Measurements and control systems: Unit 05
MI and dynamometer type instruments |
|---|
Measurements and control systems: Unit 06
De potentiometer |
|---|
Measurements and control systems: Unit 07
Bridges for measurement of R, L and C, Q-meter |
|---|
Measurements and control systems: Unit 08
Basics of control system-transfer function |
|---|
Sensors and bioinstrumentation
Sensors and bioinstrumentation: Unit 01
Sensors |
|---|
| Resistive, capacitive, inductive, piezoelectric, Hall effect, electro chemical, optical; sensor signal conditioning circuits; application of LASER in sensing and therapy |
Sensors and bioinstrumentation: Unit 02
Origin of biopotentials and their measurement techniques |
|---|
| ECG, EEG, EMG, ERG, EOG, GSR, PCG, principles of measuring blood pressure, body temperature, volume and flow in arteries, veins and tissues, respiratory measurements and cardiac output measurement |
Sensors and bioinstrumentation: Unit 03
Operating principle of medical equipment |
|---|
| Sphygmomanometer, ventilator, cardiac pacemaker, defibrillator, pulse oximeter, hemodialyzer; Electrical Isolation (optical and electrical) and safety of biomedical instruments |
Human anatomy and physiology
Human anatomy and physiology: Unit 01
Basics of cell |
|---|
Human anatomy and physiology: Unit 02
Types of tissues and organ systems |
|---|
Human anatomy and physiology: Unit 03
Homeostasis |
|---|
Human anatomy and physiology: Unit 04
Basics of organ systems |
|---|
| Musculoskeletal, respiratory, circulatory, excretory, endocrine, nervous, gastro-intestinal and reproductive |
Medical imaging systems
Medical imaging systems: Unit 01
Basic physics |
|---|
Medical imaging systems: Unit 02
Instrumentation and image formation techniques in medical imaging modalities |
|---|
| X-ray, computed tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound |
Biomechanics
Biomechanics: Unit 01
Kinematics of muscles and joints |
|---|
| Free-body diagrams and equilibrium, forces and stresses in joints, biomechanical analysis of joints, Gait analysis |
Biomechanics: Unit 02
Hard tissues |
|---|
| Definition of stress and strain, deformation mechanics, structure and mechanical properties of bone-cortical and cancellous bones |
Biomechanics: Unit 03
Soft tissues |
|---|
| Structure, functions, material properties, viscoelastic properties, Maxwell and Voight models |
Biomechanics: Unit 04
Biofluid mechanics |
|---|
| Flow properties of blood in the intact human cardiovascular system |
Biomaterials
Biomaterials: Unit 01
Basic properties of biomaterials |
|---|
| Metallic, ceramic, polymeric and composite |
Biomaterials: Unit 02
Fundamental characteristics of implants |
|---|
| Biocompatibility, bioactivity, biodegradability |
Biomaterials: Unit 03
Basics of drug delivery |
|---|
Biomaterials: Unit 04
Basics of tissue engineering |
|---|
Biomaterials: Unit 05
Biomaterial characterization techniques |
|---|
| Rheology, atomic force microscopy, electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy |
GATE Environmental Science and Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech |
| Basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context |
| Reading and comprehension |
| Narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series |
| Mensuration and geometry |
| Elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction |
| Analogy |
| Numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Mathematics foundation
Mathematics foundation: Unit 01
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Determinants and matrices, systems of linear equations, eigen values and eigen vectors |
Mathematics foundation: Unit 02
Calculus |
|---|
| Functions, limit, continuity, differentiability, local maxima and minima, Taylor series, tests for convergence, definite and indefinite integrals, application of definite integral to obtain area and volume, partial and total derivatives |
Mathematics foundation: Unit 03
Differential equations |
|---|
| Linear and non-linear first order ordinary differential equations (ODE), higher order linear ODEs with constant coefficients, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, Laplace transform and its application in solving linear ODEs |
Mathematics foundation: Unit 04
Probability and Statistics |
|---|
| Descriptive statistics, measurement of central tendency, dispersion, Skewness and kurtosis, probability concepts, conditional probability, Baye's theorem, risk and reliability, probability distributions, correlation, single and multiple regression models |
| Hypothesis testing (t-test, F-test, chi-square test) |
Environmental chemistry
Environmental chemistry: Unit 01
Fundamentals of environmental chemistry |
|---|
| Covalent and ionic bonding; chemical equations, concentration and activity; structure and chemistry of organic molecules; radioactivity of elements; chemical equilibria; thermodynamics and kinetics of chemical reactions |
Environmental chemistry: Unit 02
Principles of water chemistry |
|---|
| Water quality parameters and their measurement; acid-base equilibria; buffer solution; carbonate system; solubility of gases in water; complexation, precipitation, and redox reactions; inorganic and organic contaminants in water and their speciation |
Environmental chemistry: Unit 03
Soil chemistry |
|---|
| Organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, cation exchange capacity, base saturation, and sodium absorption ratio |
Environmental chemistry: Unit 04
Atmospheric chemistry |
|---|
| Composition of the atmosphere; reactivity of trace substances in the atmosphere; urban atmosphere-smog and particulate pollution; chemistry of ozone formation; chemistry of stratosphere |
Environmental microbiology
Environmental microbiology: Unit 01
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms |
|---|
Environmental microbiology: Unit 02
Characteristics of diverse groups of microorganisms |
|---|
Environmental microbiology: Unit 03
Classification of microorganisms |
|---|
Environmental microbiology: Unit 04
Microbial diversity |
|---|
Environmental microbiology: Unit 05
Plant-microbe and soil-microbe interactions |
|---|
Environmental microbiology: Unit 06
Role of microorganisms in waste water treatment |
|---|
Environmental microbiology: Unit 07
Bioremediation and biogeochemical cycling |
|---|
Environmental microbiology: Unit 08
Cell chemistry and cell biology |
|---|
| Structure of proteins, nucleic acid (DNA and RNA), lipids and polysaccharides; bonds in biomolecules; stereoisomerism in biomolecules; structure of cell; structure and function of cytoplasmic membrane, cell wall, outer membrane, glycocalyx, chromosomes |
| Endospores, storage products, mitochondria and chloroplasts |
Environmental microbiology: Unit 09
Microbial metabolism |
|---|
| Anabolism and catabolism; phosphorylation; glycolysis; TCA cycle; electron transport chain; fermentation; anaerobic respiration; energy balances; enzymes and enzyme kinetics |
Environmental microbiology: Unit 10
Growth and control of microorganisms |
|---|
| Bacterial nutrition and growth; specific growth rate and doubling time; Monod's model; types of culture media; batch and continuous culture; effects of environmental factors on growth; control of microbes using physical and chemical methods |
Environmental microbiology: Unit 11
Microbiology and health |
|---|
| Pathogens and modes of transmission; indicator organisms; quantification of coliforms using MPN and membrane filtration techniques |
Water resources and environmental hydraulics
Water resources and environmental hydraulics: Unit 01
Global water resources |
|---|
| Structure, properties, and distribution of water; water quality; threats to water resources; water conservation |
Water resources and environmental hydraulics: Unit 02
Surface water resources |
|---|
| Hydrological cycle and water balance-precipitation, infiltration, evapotranspiration, runoff; flow hydrographs; unit hydrographs; stage-discharge relationship; reservoir capacity; reservoir and channel routing; surface run-off models |
| Surface water management; rain water harvesting and storage |
Water resources and environmental hydraulics: Unit 03
Ground water resources |
|---|
| Geologic formations as aquifers; vadose and saturated zones; confined and unconfined aquifers and their parameters-porosity, permeability, transmissivity and storage coefficient; Darcy's law and applications; steady state well hydraulics |
Water resources and environmental hydraulics: Unit 04
Environmental hydraulics |
|---|
| Concepts of mechanics; properties of fluids; pressure measurement; hydrostatic force on surfaces; buoyancy and flotation; Laminar and turbulent flow; flow through pipes; pipe networks; boundary layer theory; forces on immersed bodies |
| Flow measurement in channels and pipes; kinematics of flow; continuity, momentum and energy equations; channel hydraulics-specific energy, critical flow, hydraulic jump, rapid and gradually varied flow; design of lined and unlined channels |
Water and waste water treatment and management
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 01
Water and waste water quality parameters |
|---|
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 02
Eutrophication and thermal stratification in lakes |
|---|
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 03
River pollution-oxygen sag curve |
|---|
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 04
Water treatment methods |
|---|
| Screening, sedimentation with and without coagulation, filtration, desalination, disinfection; water distribution and storage |
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 05
Point and non-point sources of waste water |
|---|
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 06
Population forecasting methods |
|---|
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 07
Design of sewer and storm water sewers |
|---|
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 08
Sewer appurtenances |
|---|
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 09
Preliminary, primary, secondary and tertiary sewage treatment |
|---|
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 10
Sludge generation |
|---|
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 11
Processing and disposal methods |
|---|
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 12
Sewage farming |
|---|
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 13
Sources and characteristics of industrial effluents |
|---|
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 14
Concept of common effluent treatment plants (CETP) |
|---|
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 15
Waste water recycling and zero liquid discharge |
|---|
Water and waste water treatment and management: Unit 16
Kinetics and reactor design |
|---|
| Mass and energy balance, order and rate of reactions, batch reactors, completely mixed flow reactors, plug flow reactors |
Air and noise pollution
Air and noise pollution: Unit 01
Structure of the atmosphere |
|---|
Air and noise pollution: Unit 02
Natural and anthropogenic sources of pollution |
|---|
Air and noise pollution: Unit 03
Atmospheric sources, sinks, transport |
|---|
Air and noise pollution: Unit 04
Indoor air pollution |
|---|
Air and noise pollution: Unit 05
Effects on health and environment |
|---|
Air and noise pollution: Unit 06
Air pollution |
|---|
| Gases and particulate matter; air quality standards; primary and secondary pollutants |
Air and noise pollution: Unit 07
Criteria pollutants |
|---|
Air and noise pollution: Unit 08
Ambient and source standards |
|---|
Air and noise pollution: Unit 09
Air quality indices |
|---|
Air and noise pollution: Unit 10
Visibility |
|---|
Air and noise pollution: Unit 11
Particulate pollutants |
|---|
| Measurement and control methods; control of particulate air pollutants using gravitational settling chambers, cyclone separators, wet collectors, fabric filters (bag-house filter), electrostatic precipitators (ESP) |
Air and noise pollution: Unit 12
Gaseous pollutants |
|---|
| Measurement and control methods; control of gaseous contaminants: Absorption, adsorption, condensation and combustion; control of sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons; vapour-liquid and vapour-solid equilibria |
| Diffusion, Fick's law and interfacial mass transfer |
| Automotive emission controls, fuel quality, diesel particulate filters, catalytic convertors |
Air and noise pollution: Unit 13
Air quality management |
|---|
| Point, line and area sources; inventory; influence of meteorology-wind rose diagrams, stability, mixing height, topography, dispersion modelling, monitoring |
Air and noise pollution: Unit 14
Noise pollution |
|---|
| Sources; health effects; standards; measurement and control methods |
Solid and hazardous waste management
Solid and hazardous waste management: Unit 01
Integrated solid waste management |
|---|
Solid and hazardous waste management: Unit 02
Waste hierarchy |
|---|
Solid and hazardous waste management: Unit 03
Rules and regulations for solid waste management in India |
|---|
Solid and hazardous waste management: Unit 04
Municipal solid waste management |
|---|
| Sources, generation, characteristics, collection and transportation, waste processing and disposal (including reuse options, biological methods, energy recovery processes and landfilling) |
Solid and hazardous waste management: Unit 05
Hazardous waste management |
|---|
| Characteristics, generation, fate of materials in the environment, treatment and disposal |
| Soil contamination and leaching of contaminants into groundwater |
Solid and hazardous waste management: Unit 06
Management of biomedical waste, plastic waste and e-waste |
|---|
| Sources, generation and characteristics; waste management practices including storage, collection and transfer |
Global and regional environmental issues
Global and regional environmental issues: Unit 01
Global effects of air pollution |
|---|
| Greenhouse gases, global warming, climate change, urban heat islands, acid rain, ozone hole |
Global and regional environmental issues: Unit 02
Ecology and various ecosystems |
|---|
Global and regional environmental issues: Unit 03
Biodiversity |
|---|
Global and regional environmental issues: Unit 04
Factors influencing increase in population, energy consumption, and environmental degradation |
|---|
Environmental management and sustainable development
Environmental management and sustainable development: Unit 01
Environmental management systems |
|---|
Environmental management and sustainable development: Unit 02
ISO14000 series |
|---|
Environmental management and sustainable development: Unit 03
Environmental auditing |
|---|
| Environmental impact assessment; life cycle assessment; human health risk assessment |
Environmental management and sustainable development: Unit 04
Environmental law and policy |
|---|
| Objectives; polluter pays principle, precautionary principle; the water and air acts with amendments; the environment (protection) act (EPA) 1986; national green tribunal act, 2010; national environment policy |
| Principles of international law and international treaties |
Environmental management and sustainable development: Unit 05
Energy and environment |
|---|
| Energy sources-overview of resources and reserves; renewable and non-renewable energy sources; energy-environment nexus |
Environmental management and sustainable development: Unit 06
Sustainable development |
|---|
| Definition and concepts of sustainable development; sustainable development goals; hurdles to sustainability; environment and economics |
GATE XH Reasoning and Comprehension Syllabus
Reasoning and comprehension
Reasoning and comprehension: Unit 01
Reading comprehension |
|---|
| Complex language material in short paragraphs |
Reasoning and comprehension: Unit 02
Expression |
|---|
| Stylistic and rhetorical aspects of a short passage including corrections or modifications of particular sentences |
Reasoning and comprehension: Unit 03
Analytical reasoning |
|---|
| Relationships in statements or short passages and being able to draw reasonable conclusions/ inferences from them |
Reasoning and comprehension: Unit 04
Logical reasoning |
|---|
| Thinking critically to evaluate or to predict an argument, identify the main and supporting arguments, predict outcomes, etc |
GATE XH Economics Syllabus
Microeconomics
Microeconomics: Unit 01
Theory of consumer behaviour |
|---|
| Cardinal approach and ordinal approach; consumer preferences; nature of the utility function; Marshallian and Hicksian demand functions; duality theorem |
Microeconomics: Unit 02
Slutsky equation and comparative statics |
|---|
Microeconomics: Unit 03
Homogeneous and homothetic utility functions |
|---|
Microeconomics: Unit 04
Euler's theorem |
|---|
Microeconomics: Unit 05
The theory of revealed preference |
|---|
| Weak axiom of revealed preference and strong axiom of revealed preference, theory of production and costs: Short-run and long-run analysis, existence, uniqueness and stability of market equilibrium: Walrasian and Marshallian stability analysis |
Microeconomics: Unit 06
The cobweb model |
|---|
Microeconomics: Unit 07
Decision making under uncertainty and risk |
|---|
Microeconomics: Unit 08
Asymmetric information |
|---|
| Adverse selection and moral hazard |
Microeconomics: Unit 09
Theory of agency costs |
|---|
Microeconomics: Unit 10
The theory of search, non-cooperative games: |
|---|
| Constant sum game, mixed strategy and pure strategy, Bayesian Nash equilibrium, SPNE, perfect Bayesian equilibria |
Microeconomics: Unit 11
Theory of firm |
|---|
| Market structures-competitive and non-competitive equilibria and their efficiency properties |
Microeconomics: Unit 12
Structure-conduct-performance paradigm |
|---|
Microeconomics: Unit 13
Factor pricing |
|---|
| Marginal productivity theory of distribution in perfectly competitive markets; theory of employment in imperfectly competitive markets-monopolistic exploitation, general equilibrium analysis |
Microeconomics: Unit 14
Welfare economics |
|---|
| Fundamental theorems, social welfare function |
Microeconomics: Unit 15
Efficiency criteria |
|---|
| Pareto-optimality |
Macroeconomics
Macroeconomics: Unit 01
National income accounting |
|---|
| Closed economy concepts and measurement and open economy issues |
Macroeconomics: Unit 02
Determination of output and employment |
|---|
| Classical and Keynesian framework |
Macroeconomics: Unit 03
Theories of consumption |
|---|
| Absolute income hypothesis, relative income hypothesis, life cycle hypothesis, permanent income hypothesis and Robert Hall's random walk model; |
Macroeconomics: Unit 04
Investment function specifications |
|---|
| Dale Jorgenson's neoclassical theory of capital accumulation and Tobin's, Keynesian stabilization policies |
Macroeconomics: Unit 05
(Autonomous) multipliers and investment accelerator |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 06
Demand and supply of money |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 07
Components of money supply |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 08
Liquidity preference and liquidity trap |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 09
Money multiplier |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 10
Interest rate determination |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 11
Central banking |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 12
Objectives, instruments (direct and indirect) of monetary policy |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 13
Prudential regulation |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 14
Quantitative easing (unconventional monetary policy) |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 15
Commercial banking |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 16
Non-banking financial institutions |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 17
Capital market and its regulation |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 18
Theories of inflation and expectations augmented Phillips curve |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 19
Real business cycles |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 20
Adaptive expectations hypothesis |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 21
Rational expectation hypothesis and its critique |
|---|
Macroeconomics: Unit 22
Closed economy IS-LM model and Mundell Fleming model |
|---|
| Monetary and fiscal policy efficacy |
Macroeconomics: Unit 23
The impossible trinity |
|---|
Statistics, econometrics and mathematical economics
Statistics, econometrics and mathematical economics: Unit 01
Probability theory |
|---|
| Concepts of probability, probability distributions (discrete and continuous), central limit theorem, index numbers and construction of price indices, sampling methods and sampling distribution, statistical inferences, hypothesis testing |
| Linear regression models and the Gauss Markov theorem, heteroscedasticity, multicollinearity and autocorrelation, spurious regressions and unit roots, simultaneous equation models-recursive and non-recursive |
Statistics, econometrics and mathematical economics: Unit 02
Identification problem |
|---|
Statistics, econometrics and mathematical economics: Unit 03
Differential calculus and its applications |
|---|
Statistics, econometrics and mathematical economics: Unit 04
Linear algebra-matrices |
|---|
Statistics, econometrics and mathematical economics: Unit 05
Applications of Cramer's rule |
|---|
Statistics, econometrics and mathematical economics: Unit 06
Static optimization problems and applications |
|---|
Statistics, econometrics and mathematical economics: Unit 07
Input-output model |
|---|
Statistics, econometrics and mathematical economics: Unit 08
Linear programming |
|---|
Statistics, econometrics and mathematical economics: Unit 09
Difference equations and differential equations with applications |
|---|
International economics
International economics: Unit 01
Theories of international trade |
|---|
International economics: Unit 02
International trade under imperfect competition |
|---|
International economics: Unit 03
Gains from trade |
|---|
International economics: Unit 04
Terms of trade |
|---|
International economics: Unit 05
Trade multiplier |
|---|
International economics: Unit 06
Tariff and non-tariff barriers to trade |
|---|
International economics: Unit 07
Dumping and anti-dumping policies |
|---|
International economics: Unit 08
GATT, WTO, and regional trade blocks |
|---|
International economics: Unit 09
Trade policy issues |
|---|
International economics: Unit 10
Balance of payments |
|---|
| Composition, equilibrium and disequilibrium and adjustment mechanisms, foreign exchange market and arbitrage, exchange rate determination, IMF and World bank |
Public economics
Public economics: Unit 01
Market failure and remedial measures |
|---|
| Asymmetric information, public Goods, externality, regulation of market-collusion and Consumers' welfare |
Public economics: Unit 02
Public revenue |
|---|
| Tax and non-tax revenue, direct and indirect taxes, progressive and non-progressive taxation, incidence and effects of taxation, public expenditure, public debt and its management, public budget and budget multiplier, tax incidence |
| Fiscal policy and its implications, environment as a public good, market failure and Coase theorem, cost-benefit analysis |
Development economics
Development economics: Unit 01
Theories of economic development |
|---|
| Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Karl Marx, J. Schumpeter, W. Rostow, balanced and unbalanced growth, big push approach |
Development economics: Unit 02
Indicators of economic development |
|---|
| HDI, SDGs, MDGs, poverty and inequalities-concepts and measurement issues |
Development economics: Unit 03
Social sector development |
|---|
| Health, education, gender, fertility, morbidity, mortality, migration, child labor, age structure, demographic dividend |
Development economics: Unit 04
Models of economic growth |
|---|
| Harrod-Domar, Solow, Ramsey, technical progress-disembodied and embodied, endogenous growth models |
Indian economy
Indian economy: Unit 01
Economic growth in India |
|---|
| Pattern and structure |
Indian economy: Unit 02
Agriculture, industry, and services sector |
|---|
| Pattern and structure of growth, major challenges, policy responses, rural and urban development-issues, challenges and policy responses, flow of foreign capital, trade policies |
Indian economy: Unit 03
Infrastructure development |
|---|
| Physical and social; public-private partnerships, reforms in land, labour and capital markets, poverty, inequality and unemployment, functioning of monetary policy in India |
Indian economy: Unit 04
Fiscal policy in the Indian context |
|---|
| Structure of receipts and expenditure, tax reforms-goods and services tax, issues of growth and equity, fiscal federalism, centre-state financial relations and finance commissions of India; sustainability of deficits and debt |
| The fiscal responsibility and budget management act 2003, demonetization and aftermath |
Indian economy: Unit 05
India's balance of payments |
|---|
Indian economy: Unit 06
Composition of India's trade |
|---|
Indian economy: Unit 07
Competitiveness of India's exports |
|---|
Indian economy: Unit 08
India's exchange rate policy |
|---|
GATE XH English Syllabus
English
English: Unit 01
Multi-genre literatures in English |
|---|
| Poetry, the novel and other forms of fiction including the short story, drama, creative non-fiction, and non fiction prose-with emphasis on the long 19th and 20th centuries |
English: Unit 02
Especially in a comparative context, anglophone and in English translation, literatures from India and, extending to some degree, the larger Indian subcontinent |
|---|
English: Unit 03
Literary criticism and theory; critical and cultural intellectual |
|---|
| Traditions and approaches widely referred to, and used in the discipline of English |
English: Unit 04
History of English literature and English literary studies |
|---|
English: Unit 05
Research approaches and methodologies, including interpretive techniques responsive to literary forms, devices, concepts, and genres |
|---|
GATE XH Linguistics Syllabus
Language and linguistics
Language and linguistics: Unit 01
Language spoken, written, and signed |
|---|
Language and linguistics: Unit 02
Description and prescription |
|---|
Language and linguistics: Unit 03
Language and cultural heritage |
|---|
Language and linguistics: Unit 04
Language and social identity |
|---|
Language and linguistics: Unit 05
Language as an object of inquiry |
|---|
| Its structure, units and components |
Language and linguistics: Unit 06
Design features |
|---|
Language and linguistics: Unit 07
Writing systems |
|---|
Language and linguistics: Unit 08
Biological foundations and language faculty |
|---|
Language and linguistics: Unit 09
Linguistic competence and performance |
|---|
Language and linguistics: Unit 10
Levels of grammar |
|---|
Language and linguistics: Unit 11
Contrast and complementation |
|---|
Language and linguistics: Unit 12
Rules-context dependent and context free |
|---|
Language and linguistics: Unit 13
Levels of adequacy for analysis |
|---|
Language and linguistics: Unit 14
Interdisciplinary approaches |
|---|
Language and linguistics: Unit 15
Schools of linguistic thought (European, American) and the Indian grammatical tradition |
|---|
Levels of grammar and grammatical analysis
Levels of grammar and grammatical analysis: Unit 01
Phonetics and phonology |
|---|
| Vocal tract anatomy; phonation; articulatory parameters; classification of sounds; gestural theory of speech production; cardinal vowels; secondary and coarticulation; suprasegmentals-length, stress, tone, intonation and juncture; IPA |
| Basic physics of sound and of phonation and articulation; acoustic cues for speech sounds; organisation of phones into phonemes; phoneme inventories and cross-linguistic properties, syllable structure and phonological properties |
| Principles of phonological analysis-phonetic similarity, contrastive and complementary distribution, free variation, allophones; linear and non-linear approaches; levels of representation; phonological rules |
| Distinctive features (major class, manner, place, etc); feature geometry; rule ordering, markedness and unspecified featural values; core principles of lexical phonology, optimality theory, auto segmental phonology, and prosodic morphology |
Levels of grammar and grammatical analysis: Unit 02
Morphology |
|---|
| Concepts of morpheme, morph, allomorph, zero allomorph, conditions on allomorphs; lexeme and word; types of morphemes-structural and functional; affixes vs. clitics; grammatical categories |
| Morphological theories-generative, lexicalist, process and distributed morphology; identification of morphemes and parts of speech; alternation; morphophonology; inflection vs. derivation; conjugation and declension |
| Word creation and word formation rules and processes; creativity and productivity, blocking, bracketing paradoxes, constraints on affix ordering; mental lexicon; lexical |
Levels of grammar and grammatical analysis: Unit 03
Syntax |
|---|
| Basic syntactic units and their types: Word, phrase, clause, sentence and their description, and generation; grammatical and case relations; key ideas from syntactic theories, generative grammars including minimalist program, HPSG |
| Basic syntactic units and their types: Relational grammar and lexical functional grammar; phrase structure rules (including X-bar theory); universal grammar and cross-linguistic properties; idea of grammaticality judgments |
| Basic syntactic units and their types: Solving the language acquisition problem; diagnostics of structure; syntactic phenomena such as movement, binding, ellipses, case-checking, islands, argument structure etc; unergatives and unaccusatives |
Levels of grammar and grammatical analysis: Unit 04
Semantics and pragmatics |
|---|
| Types of meaning, lexical and compositional; syntax-semantics interface (semantic roles, binding, scope, LF etc); sense and reference, connotation and denotation, lexical semantic relations (homonymy, hypo/ hypernymy, antonymy, synonymy, ambiguity) |
| Prototype theory and componential analysis; sentence meaning and truth conditions, contradictions, entailment; basic set theory; propositions, truth values, sentential connectives; arguments, predicates, quantifiers, variables |
| In/ definiteness, mood and modality; language use in context; sentence meaning and utterance meaning; speech acts; deixis; presupposition and implicature: Gricean maxims; information structure; politeness, power and solidarity; discourse analysis |
Historical linguistics
Historical linguistics: Unit 01
Neogrammarian laws of phonetic change such as Grimm's, Verner's, Grassmann's laws |
|---|
Historical linguistics: Unit 02
Genesis and spread of sound change |
|---|
Historical linguistics: Unit 03
Split and merger |
|---|
Historical linguistics: Unit 04
Conditioned vs. unconditioned change |
|---|
Historical linguistics: Unit 05
Lexical diffusion of sound change |
|---|
Historical linguistics: Unit 06
Analogical changes and paradigm levelling |
|---|
Historical linguistics: Unit 07
Relative chronology of different changes |
|---|
Historical linguistics: Unit 08
Study of sound change in progress |
|---|
Historical linguistics: Unit 09
Morphosyntactic (syncretism, grammaticalisation, and lexicalisation) and semantic change (extension, narrowing, figurative speech) |
|---|
Historical linguistics: Unit 10
Linguistic reconstruction-external vs. internal |
|---|
| The comparative method; lexicostatistics; language contact and dialect geography-borrowing, and impact of borrowing; pidgins and creoles; bi-and multilingualism as the source for borrowing; dialect geography-dialect atlas |
| Isogloss, focal, transition, and relic areas |
Sociolinguistics
Sociolinguistics: Unit 01
Micro-and macro approaches to language in society |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 02
Linguistic repertoire language, dialect, sociolect, idiolect |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 03
Diglossia |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 04
Taboo, slang and euphemism |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 05
Elaborated and restricted codes |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 06
Speech community and communicative competence |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 07
Ethnography of speaking |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 08
Lingua franca |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 09
Diasporic language |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 10
Linguistic variables and their covariation along linguistic/ social dimensions |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 11
Language policies and development (especially in India) |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 12
Language contact and outcomes (language loss, pidginization, and creolization) |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 13
Code-mixing and code-switching |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 14
Language movements-state and societal interventions |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 15
Script development and modifications |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 16
Linguistic minorities |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 17
Language ecology and endangerment linguistic vitality, language endangerment (EGIDS scale) |
|---|
Sociolinguistics: Unit 18
Parameters of endangerment, documentation and revitalisation |
|---|
Areal typology, universals, cross-linguistic features
Areal typology, universals, cross-linguistic features: Unit 01
Morphological types of languages agglutinative, analytical (isolating), synthetic fusional (inflecting), polysynthetic (incorporating) languages |
|---|
Areal typology, universals, cross-linguistic features: Unit 02
Formal and substantive universals, absolute and statistical universals |
|---|
Areal typology, universals, cross-linguistic features: Unit 03
Implicational and non-implicational universals (greenberg) |
|---|
Areal typology, universals, cross-linguistic features: Unit 04
Linguistic relatedness |
|---|
Areal typology, universals, cross-linguistic features: Unit 05
Universals and parametric variation |
|---|
Areal typology, universals, cross-linguistic features: Unit 06
Word order typology |
|---|
Areal typology, universals, cross-linguistic features: Unit 07
Salient features of South Asian languages |
|---|
| Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Austro-Asiatic, and Tibeto-Burman language families |
Areal typology, universals, cross-linguistic features: Unit 08
Linguistic survey of India |
|---|
Areal typology, universals, cross-linguistic features: Unit 09
Contact induced typological change |
|---|
Methods of analysis
Methods of analysis: Unit 01
Experimental and non-experimental methods |
|---|
Methods of analysis: Unit 02
Sampling and tools |
|---|
Methods of analysis: Unit 03
Identification of variables and their variants |
|---|
Methods of analysis: Unit 04
Data processing and interpretation |
|---|
Methods of analysis: Unit 05
Quantitative analysis of data |
|---|
Methods of analysis: Unit 06
Ethnomethodology |
|---|
Methods of analysis: Unit 07
Participant observation |
|---|
Methods of analysis: Unit 08
Field methods and elicitation |
|---|
Methods of analysis: Unit 09
Document creation |
|---|
Methods of analysis: Unit 10
Ethics |
|---|
Applied linguistics
Applied linguistics: Unit 01
Psycholinguistics |
|---|
| The study of how humans learn, represent, comprehend, and produce language |
| Topics include word recognition and storage, sentence production and comprehension, reading, speech perception, language acquisition, neural representation of language, bilingualism, and language disorders |
GATE XH Philosophy Syllabus
Classical Indian philosophy
Classical Indian philosophy: Unit 01
Orthodox systems |
|---|
| Sānkhya-Puruṣa, Prakṛti, Guṇas, Satkāryavāda, mokṣa (Kaivalya), Pramāṇas and theory of error, Yoga-Pramāṇas, theory of error, Iśvara, Citta, Kleśa, Aṣṭānga-yoga, Kaivalya (Mokṣa) |
| Nyāya-Pramāṇas, Hetvābhāsa, Iśvara, Asatkāryavāda, theory of error, Navya-Nyāya, Vaiśeṣika-Parataḥprāmāṇya, Padārthas (categories), theory of atomism (paramāṇuvāda), Mīmāmsā-dharma, Apūrva, mokṣa, Pramāṇas (both in Kumārila and Prabhākara), Anyathākhyāti |
| Vedānta-Advaita (Adhyāsa, Brahman, Iśvara, Ātman, Jīva, Mokṣa, Viśiṣṭādvaita (Tattva-traya, mokṣa, and refutation of Māyāvāda), Dvaita, Dvaitādvaita, Śuddhādvaita, Pramāṇa in Advaita and Viśiṣṭādvaita |
Classical Indian philosophy: Unit 02
Heterodox systems |
|---|
| Cārvāka-Pramāṇa, Indian marerislism and Hedonism, Jainism-Pramāṇas, Syādvāda, Anekāntavāda, Padārtha (categories), Jīva and Ajīva, Mokṣa, Mahāvrata, Aṇuvrata, and Buddhism-Ti-piṭaka, Sarvāstivāda, Sautrāntika, Mādhyamika, Yogācāra-Vijñānavāda |
| Buddhism-Pañca-skandha, Anityavāda, Anātmavāda, doctrine of momentariness, doctrine of dependent origination, Pramānas, doctrine of two truths, doctrine of Tri-kāya, Ṣaḍ-pāramitās, Brahmavihāras, Pāñcaśīla, and Bodhisattva Ideal, and Upāyakauśalya |
Classical Indian philosophy: Unit 03
Upaniṣads, Bhagavadgītā, and Dharmaśāstras |
|---|
| Philosophy of the Upaniṣads-pure Monism, Brahmam and Ātman, Pañca-kośa, Parā-vidyā and Aparā-vidyā, meaning of dharma, Ṛta, Purusārtha, Śreyas and Preyas, Varṇāśrama-dharma, dharma-Svadharma and Sādhāraṇa Dharma, Ṛna, Yajña, Karma-yoga, Sthitaprajña |
| Lokasaṃgraha and law of Karma |
Classical Indian philosophy: Unit 04
Kāṣmira Śaivism, Śaivasiddhānta, Vīra Śaivism, Śāktism, and Vaiṣṇavism |
|---|
| Kāṣmīra Śaivism-Pratyābhijña school, Śiva and Śakti, and conception of Kriyā, Śaivasiddhānta-God (pati) and divine power (śakti), proofs for God's existence, bondage and liberation, Vīra Śaivism-philosophical basis of Vīra Śaivism |
| Śāktism-philosophical basis of Śāktism, and Vaiṣṇavism-philosophical basis of Vaiṣṇavism |
Contemporary Indian philosophy
Contemporary Indian philosophy: Unit 01
Vivekananda |
|---|
| Notion of God, freedom and Karma, nature of soul/ self, practical Vedanta, and universal religion |
Contemporary Indian philosophy: Unit 02
Aurobindo |
|---|
| World process-involution and evolution, four theories of existence, the supermind, integral yoga, and Gnostic being |
Contemporary Indian philosophy: Unit 03
Iqbal |
|---|
| Nature of intuition, nature of self, and notion of God |
Contemporary Indian philosophy: Unit 04
Tagore |
|---|
| Humanism and nature of man, notion of religion, and nationalism |
Contemporary Indian philosophy: Unit 05
K. C. Bhattacharyya |
|---|
| Concept of absolute and its alternative forms, and notion subjectivity and freedom |
Contemporary Indian philosophy: Unit 06
Radhakrishnan |
|---|
| Nature of ultimate reality, religious experience, intellect and intuition, Hindu view of life |
Contemporary Indian philosophy: Unit 07
J. Krishnamurti |
|---|
| Notion of freedom, choiceless awareness, truth is a pathless land, and notion of education |
Contemporary Indian philosophy: Unit 08
Gandhi |
|---|
| Notion of truth, non-violence, Satyagraha, Swaraj, and trusteeship |
Contemporary Indian philosophy: Unit 09
Ambedkar |
|---|
| Annihilation of caste, neo-Buddhism, democracy, and natural rights and law |
Contemporary Indian philosophy: Unit 10
M.N. Roy |
|---|
| Radical humanism and materialism |
Classical and modern western philosophy
Classical and modern western philosophy: Unit 01
Metaphysics |
|---|
| Pre-Socratic philosophy of Thales, Anaxagoras, Anaximenies, Ionians, Pythagoras, Parmenides, Heraclitus and Democritus |
| Metaphysics of Plato and Aristotle: The question of being (to on/ousia)-being as idea in Plato's Phaedo, republic and the Sophist, being as synthesis of hyle (matter) and morphe (form) in Aristotle's metaphysics and physics |
| Problem of evil and existence of God in St. Augustine, St. Anselm, and St. Thomas Aquinas metaphysics in modern philosophy: Substance, mind-body dualism, attribute, parallelism, pre-established harmony, the existence of God, problem of Solipsism |
| St. Thomas Aquinas metaphysics in modern philosophy: Self and personal identity, rejection of metaphysics, phenomena and noumena, transcendental deduction of categories, being and becoming, absolute idealism |
Classical and modern western philosophy: Unit 02
Epistemology |
|---|
| Plato and Aristotle's theory of knowledge, Doxa, Episteme, and Sophia, method of dialectics, theoretical and practical reason, theory of causation, Descarte's method of doubt, cogito ergo sum, innate ideas and its refutation |
| Principle of non-contradiction, sufficient reason, and identity of indiscernible, Locke's three grades of knowledge, Berkeley's critique of abstract ideas, Hume's impressions and ideas, induction and causality, Kant's Copernican revolution |
| Forms of sensibility, possibility of synthetic a priori judgments |
| Hegel's dialectics, spirit, and absolute idealism |
Classical and modern western philosophy: Unit 03
Ethics |
|---|
| Concepts of good, right, justice, duty, obligation, cardinal virtues, eudaemonism; intuition as explained in teleological and deontological theories; egoism, altruism, universalism, subjectivism, cultural relativism, super-naturalism |
| Ethical realism and intuitionism, Kant's moral theory, postulates of morality, good-will, categorical imperative, duty, means and ends, maxims; utilitarianism: Principle of utility, problem of sanction and justification of morality |
| Moral theories of Bentham, J.S. Mill, Sidgwick; theories of punishment; ethical cognitivism and non-cognitivism, emotivism, prescriptivism, descriptivism |
Classical and modern western philosophy: Unit 04
Social and political philosophy |
|---|
| Plato's theory of justice and state, Aristotle's definition of state and political naturalism; classical liberalism and social contract theory (Hobbes, Rousseau, Locke); Marx's dialectical materialism, alienation, and critique of capitalism |
Classical and modern western philosophy: Unit 05
Logic |
|---|
| Truth and validity, nature of propositions, categorical syllogism, laws of thought classification of propositions square of opposition, truth-functions and propositional logic, quantification and rules of quantification |
| Symbolic logic: Use of symbols; truth table for testing the validity of arguments; differences between deductive and inductive logic, causality and Mill's method |
Contemporary western philosophy
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 01
Frege's sense and reference |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 02
Logical positivism's verification theory of meaning |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 03
Elimination of metaphysics |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 04
Moore's distinction between sense and reference |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 05
Defense of common-sense |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 06
Proof of an external world |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 07
Russell's logical atomism |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 08
Definite descriptions |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 09
Refutation of idealism |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 10
Wittgenstein on language and reality |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 11
The picture theory |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 12
Critique of private language |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 13
Meaning and use |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 14
Forms of life |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 15
Gilbert Ryle on systematically misleading expressions |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 16
Critique of Cartesian dualism |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 17
W.V.O. Quine's two dogmas of empiricism |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 18
P.F. Strawson's concept of person |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 19
Husserl's phenomenological method |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 20
Philosophy as a rigorous science |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 21
Intentionality |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 22
Phenomenological reduction |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 23
Inter-subjectivity |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 24
Heidegger's concept of being (Dasein) |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 25
Being in the world |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 26
Sartre's concept of freedom, bad-faith, humanism |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 27
Merleau-Ponty on perception |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 28
Embodied consciousness |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 29
William James's pragmatic theories of meaning and truth |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 30
Varieties of religious experience |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 31
John Dewey on pragmatist epistemology with focus on inquiry |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 32
Fallibilism and experience |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 33
Education |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 34
Nietzsche on the critique of enlightenment |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 35
Will to power |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 36
Genealogy of moral |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 37
Richard Rorty's critique of representationalism |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 38
Against epistemological method |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 39
Edifying philosophy |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 40
Levinas |
|---|
| Ethics as a first philosophy, philosophy of 'other' |
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 41
Rawls' veil of ignorance, principle of justice |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 42
Nozick's critique of Rawls |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 43
Libertarianism |
|---|
| Charles Taylor's communitarianism, critique of the liberal self, politics of recognition |
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 44
Martha Nussbaum's liberal feminism and capability approach |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 45
Simone de Beauvoir on situated freedom and ethics of ambiguity |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 46
Code and Harding on situated knowledge and strong and weak objectivity |
|---|
Contemporary western philosophy: Unit 47
Gilligan and Noddings on ethics of care, debate between care and justice |
|---|
GATE XH Psychology Syllabus
Research methods and statistics
Research methods and statistics: Unit 01
Approaches to research |
|---|
| Philosophical world views and criteria involved in approach |
| Research design: Quantitative and qualitative, mixed methods |
Research methods and statistics: Unit 02
Designing research |
|---|
| Research problems, purpose statement, variables and operational definitions, hypothesis, sampling |
Research methods and statistics: Unit 03
Nature of quantitative and qualitative research |
|---|
| Structured, semi-structured interviewing, self-completion questionnaires (survey), observation, experimental, Quasi-experimental, field studies, focus groups discussions, narratives, case studies, ethnography |
Research methods and statistics: Unit 04
Ethics in conducting and reporting research |
|---|
Research methods and statistics: Unit 05
Statistics in psychology |
|---|
| Measures of central tendency and dispersion |
| Normal probability curve |
| Parametric and non-parametric tests effect size and power analysis |
Research methods and statistics: Unit 06
Correlational analysis |
|---|
| Correlation (product moment, rank order), partial correlation, multiple correlation |
| Special correlation methods: biserial, point biserial, tetrachoric, phi coefficient |
| Regression: simple linear regression, multiple regression |
| Factor analysis: assumptions, methods, rotation and interpretation |
Research methods and statistics: Unit 07
Experimental designs |
|---|
| ANOVA (one-way, factorial), randomized block designs, repeated measures design, Latin square, cohort studies, time series, MANOVA, ANCOVA |
| Single-subject designs |
Psychometrics
Psychometrics: Unit 01
Foundations of psychological measurement |
|---|
Psychometrics: Unit 02
Basic components |
|---|
| Scales and items' construction and analysis of items: Intelligence test items, performance tests, ability and aptitude test, personality questionnaires |
Psychometrics: Unit 03
Method of test construction |
|---|
Psychometrics: Unit 04
Standardization of measures |
|---|
| Reliability, validity, norms, application of assessment and measurements in tests-applications of psychological testing in various settings-educations, counselling and guidance, clinical, organizational and developmental |
Biological and evolutionary basis of behaviour
Biological and evolutionary basis of behaviour: Unit 01
Heredity and behaviour evolution and natural selection |
|---|
Biological and evolutionary basis of behaviour: Unit 02
Nervous system |
|---|
Biological and evolutionary basis of behaviour: Unit 03
structures of the brain and their functions |
|---|
Biological and evolutionary basis of behaviour: Unit 04
Neurons |
|---|
| Structure, functions, types, neural impulse, synaptic transmission |
Biological and evolutionary basis of behaviour: Unit 05
Neurotransmitters |
|---|
Biological and evolutionary basis of behaviour: Unit 06
Hemispheric lateralization |
|---|
Biological and evolutionary basis of behaviour: Unit 07
The endocrine system types and functions |
|---|
Biological and evolutionary basis of behaviour: Unit 08
Biological basis of motivation |
|---|
| Hunger, thirst, sleep and sex |
Biological and evolutionary basis of behaviour: Unit 09
Biological basis of emotion |
|---|
| The limbic system, hormonal regulation of behaviour |
Biological and evolutionary basis of behaviour: Unit 10
Methods of physiological psychology |
|---|
| Invasive methods-anatomical methods, degeneration techniques, lesion techniques, chemical methods, microelectrode studies, non-invasive methods-EEG, scanning methods |
Biological and evolutionary basis of behaviour: Unit 11
Muscular and glandular system |
|---|
| Genetics and behaviour: Chromosomal anomalies; nature-nurture controversy (twin studies and adoption studies) |
Perception, learning, memory and forgetting
Perception, learning, memory and forgetting: Unit 01
What is sensation |
|---|
Perception, learning, memory and forgetting: Unit 02
Sensory thresholds and sensory adaptations |
|---|
Perception, learning, memory and forgetting: Unit 03
Vision |
|---|
Perception, learning, memory and forgetting: Unit 04
Hearing |
|---|
Perception, learning, memory and forgetting: Unit 05
Touch and pain |
|---|
Perception, learning, memory and forgetting: Unit 06
Smell and taste |
|---|
Perception, learning, memory and forgetting: Unit 07
Kinesthesis and vestibular sense |
|---|
Perception, learning, memory and forgetting: Unit 08
Perception |
|---|
| Role of attention; organizing principles of perception, gestalt perception, depth perception and illusions |
Perception, learning, memory and forgetting: Unit 09
Theories of learning |
|---|
| Classical conditioning, operant conditioning, social learning theory, cognitive learning |
Perception, learning, memory and forgetting: Unit 10
Memory |
|---|
| Encoding, storage, retrieval, information processing theories of memory, retrieval in long term memory, reconstructive nature of long-term memory |
Perception, learning, memory and forgetting: Unit 11
Forgetting |
|---|
| Encoding failure, interference theory, memory trace decay theory, the physical aspects of memory |
Cognition
Cognition: Unit 01
Thinking, intelligence, and language |
|---|
| Basic elements of though: Concepts, propositions, imagery |
| Current paradigms of cognitive psychology-information processing approach, ecological approach, problem solving: Methods of problem solving, strategies and obstacles, role of metacognitive processing, decision-making: Choosing among alternatives |
| Intelligence: Theories of intelligence (Spearman; Thurstone; Jensen; Cattell; Gardner; Stenberg) and emotional intelligence; measuring intelligence, individual differences in intelligence; role of heredity and environment |
| Difference between Intelligence, aptitude and creativity |
Personality
Personality: Unit 01
Theories of personality |
|---|
| Psychoanalytic, behaviourist, social cognitive view, humanism and trait and type theories, biology of personality and assessment of personality |
Motivation, emotion and stress and coping
Motivation, emotion and stress and coping: Unit 01
Approaches to understanding motivation |
|---|
| Instinct, drive-reduction, arousal, incentive, humanistic, achievement motivation, intrinsic motivation, aggression, curiosity and exploration |
Motivation, emotion and stress and coping: Unit 02
Emotions |
|---|
| Nature of emotions; biological basis of emotions |
Motivation, emotion and stress and coping: Unit 03
Theories of emotions |
|---|
| James-Lange, Canon-Bard, Schachter and Singer, Lazarus, definition of stress; what are stressors; cognitive factors in stress |
Motivation, emotion and stress and coping: Unit 04
Factors in stress reaction |
|---|
| General adaptation syndrome; effect of stress |
Motivation, emotion and stress and coping: Unit 05
Coping with stress |
|---|
| Problem-focused coping; emotion-focused coping, REBT and meditation |
Social psychology
Social psychology: Unit 01
Social perception |
|---|
| Attribution; impression formation; social categorization, implicit personality theory |
Social psychology: Unit 02
Social influence |
|---|
| Conformity, compliance and obedience, attitudes |
Social psychology: Unit 03
Beliefs and values |
|---|
| Evaluating the social world, attitude formation, attitude change and persuasion, cognitive dissonance, prejudice, discrimination, aggression, power and prosocial behaviour, Belief systems and value patterns |
Social psychology: Unit 04
Group dynamics |
|---|
Social psychology: Unit 05
Leadership style and effectiveness |
|---|
Social psychology: Unit 06
Theories of intergroup relations and conflicts |
|---|
Development across the life span
Development across the life span: Unit 01
Nature versus nurture in human development |
|---|
Development across the life span: Unit 02
Prenatal development |
|---|
| Chromosomes, genes and DNA |
Development across the life span: Unit 03
Physical, cognitive and psychosocial development in infancy |
|---|
Development across the life span: Unit 04
Childhood, adolescence and adulthood |
|---|
Development across the life span: Unit 05
Theories of aging |
|---|
Development across the life span: Unit 06
Moral development |
|---|
Applications of psychology
Applications of psychology: Unit 01
Psychological disorders |
|---|
| Conceptions of mental disorders; assessment and diagnosis, DSM and other tools, PTSD and trauma |
Applications of psychology: Unit 02
Psychotherapies |
|---|
| Psychodynamic, phenomenological/ experiential therapy; behaviour therapy; cognitive therapy; biological therapy |
Applications of psychology: Unit 03
Applications of theories of motivation and learning in school |
|---|
| Factors in educational achievement; counselling and guidance in schools, application of theories of motivation, learning, emotions, perceptions, group dynamics and leadership to organizational set up, issues of personal space, crowding, and territoriality |
GATE XH Sociology Syllabus
Sociological theory
Sociological theory: Unit 01
Classical sociological traditions |
|---|
| Emile Durkheim (social solidarity, social facts, religion, functionalism, suicide, anomie, division of labour, law; Max Weber (types of authority, social action, protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism, bureaucracy, ideal type, methodology) |
| Karl Marx: Class and class conflict, dialectical and historical materialism, capitalism, surplus value, alienation) |
Sociological theory: Unit 02
Structural-functionalism and structuralism |
|---|
| Bronislaw Malinowski; A.R. Radcliffe-Brown, Talcott Parsons (AGIL, systems approach), Robert K. Merton (middle range theory, reference groups, latent and manifest function), Claude Levi Strauss (myths, structuralism) |
Sociological theory: Unit 03
Hermeneutic and interpretative traditions |
|---|
| G.H. Mead, Alfred Schutz (phenomenology); Harold Garfinkel (ethnomethodology); Erving Goffman (symbolic interaction, dramaturgy); ∙Clifford Geertz (culture, thick description) |
Sociological theory: Unit 04
Post-modernism, post-structuralism, and post-colonialism |
|---|
| Pierre Bourdieu, Michel Foucault, Jurgen Habermas, Anthony Giddens, Frankfurt School |
Sociological theory: Unit 05
Conflict theory |
|---|
| Ralf Dahrendorf; C Wright Mills |
Sociological theory: Unit 06
Indian thinkers |
|---|
| M.K. Gandhi, B.R. Ambedkar, Radha Kamal Mukherjee, G. S. Ghurye, M.N. Srinivas, Irawati Karve, |
Research methodology and methods
Research methodology and methods: Unit 01
Conceptualizing social reality |
|---|
| Philosophy of science; scientific method and epistemology in social science; Hermeneutic traditions; objectivity and reflexivity in social science; ethics and politics of research |
Research methodology and methods: Unit 02
Research design |
|---|
| Reading social science research, data and documents; induction and deduction; fact, concept and theory; hypotheses, research questions, objectives |
Research methodology and methods: Unit 03
Quantitative and qualitative methods |
|---|
| Ethnography; survey method; historical method; comparative method |
Research methodology and methods: Unit 04
Research techniques |
|---|
| Sampling; questionnaire and schedule; statistical analysis; observation, interview and case study; interpretation, data analysis and report writing |
Sociological concepts
Sociological concepts: Unit 01
Sociological concepts |
|---|
| Social structure; culture; network; status and role; identity; community; socialization; diaspora; values, norms and rules; personhood, habitus and agency; bureaucracy, power and authority; self and society |
Sociological concepts: Unit 02
Social institutions |
|---|
| Marriage, family and kinship; economy; polity; religion; education; law and customs |
Sociological concepts: Unit 03
Social stratification |
|---|
| Social difference, hierarchy, inequality and marginalization: Caste and class; status and power; gender, sexuality and disability; race, tribe and ethnicity |
Sociological concepts: Unit 04
Social change |
|---|
| Evolution and diffusion; modernization and development; social transformations and globalization; social mobility-Sanskritisation, educational and occupational change |
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation: Unit 01
Rural and peasant society |
|---|
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation: Unit 02
Caste-tribe distinction and continuum |
|---|
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation: Unit 03
Agrarian social structure and emergent class relations |
|---|
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation: Unit 04
Land ownership and agrarian relations |
|---|
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation: Unit 05
Decline of agrarian economy |
|---|
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation: Unit 06
De-peasantization and agrarian change |
|---|
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation: Unit 07
Agrarian unrest and peasant movements |
|---|
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation: Unit 08
Feudalism |
|---|
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation: Unit 09
Mode of production debate |
|---|
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation: Unit 10
Land reforms |
|---|
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation: Unit 11
Panchayati raj |
|---|
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation: Unit 12
Rural development programmes and community development |
|---|
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation: Unit 13
Green revolution and agricultural change |
|---|
Agrarian sociology and rural transformation: Unit 14
Peasants and farmers movements |
|---|
Family, marriage, and kinship
Family, marriage, and kinship: Unit 01
Theoretical approaches |
|---|
| Structural-functionalist, alliance and cultural; gender relations and power dynamics; inheritance, succession and authority; gender, sexuality, and reproduction; children, youth, and elderly; emotions and family; emergent forms of family |
| Changing marriage practices; changing care and support systems; family laws; domestic violence and crime against women; honour killing |
Indian society/ sociology of India
Indian society/ sociology of India: Unit 01
Colonial, nationalist, indological perspectives (G.S.Ghurye) |
|---|
Indian society/ sociology of India: Unit 02
Structural-functional approach (M.N. Srinivas) |
|---|
Indian society/ sociology of India: Unit 03
Dialectical approach (A.R. Desai) |
|---|
Indian society/ sociology of India: Unit 04
Subaltern studies (R. Guha) |
|---|
Indian society/ sociology of India: Unit 05
Non Brahmin perspectives (Phule, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar) |
|---|
Indian society/ sociology of India: Unit 06
Feminist perspectives (Leela Dube, Sharmila Rege) |
|---|
Indian society/ sociology of India: Unit 07
Social institutions |
|---|
| Family, kinship, household, village and urban settings |
Indian society/ sociology of India: Unit 08
Social stratification |
|---|
| Caste, class, tribe and gender |
Indian society/ sociology of India: Unit 09
Tradition and modernity (M.N.Srinivas, Yogendra Singh, Dipankar Gupta) |
|---|
Indian society/ sociology of India: Unit 10
Peasants and agrarian sociology (Andre Beteille, AR Desai, D.N.Dhanagare) |
|---|
Indian society/ sociology of India: Unit 11
Village studies |
|---|
Indian society/ sociology of India: Unit 12
Communalism and secularism |
|---|
Social movements
Social movements: Unit 01
Introduction to social movements |
|---|
| Nature, definitions, characteristics; social movement and social change; types of social movements (reform, rebellion, revival, revolution, insurrection, counter movement) |
Social movements: Unit 02
Theories of social movements |
|---|
| Structural-functional; Marxist; resource mobilization theory; new social movements |
Social movements: Unit 03
Social movement in India with specific reference to social basis, leadership, ideology and actions |
|---|
| Peasant movement; labour movement; Dalit movement; women's movement, environmental movement |
Social movements: Unit 04
Social movements, civil society, and globalization |
|---|
| Social movement and its relationship with state and civil society; social movements and impact of globalization: Debates; issues of citizenship |
Sociology of development
Sociology of development: Unit 01
Perspectives on the study of development |
|---|
| Definitions and indices; liberal, Marxist, and Neo-Marxist perspectives (dependency theory, world systems); epistemological critiques of development |
Sociology of development: Unit 02
State and market |
|---|
| Institutions and ideologies: Planned development and society; globalisation and liberalization |
Sociology of development: Unit 03
The micro-politics of development |
|---|
| Transforming communities: Maps and models; knowledge and power in development; re-inventing development: Subaltern movements; post-colonial development; decentralization and devolution; participatory approaches |
Sociology of development: Unit 04
Sustainable development |
|---|
| Post-sustainable development; development, violence and inequality; post-structural perspectives (Escobar); alternative development paradigms; feminist critique; human development |
GATE Geomatics Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech, basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context, reading and comprehension, narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables, numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Permutations and combinations, and series, mensuration and geometry, elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction, analogy, numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Geomatics engineering (part-A)
Geomatics engineering (part-A): Unit 01
Engineering mathematics |
|---|
| Surveying measurements, accuracy, precision, most probable value, errors and their adjustments, regression analysis, correlation coefficient, least square adjustment, statistical significant value, chi square test |
Geomatics engineering (part-A): Unit 02
Remote sensing |
|---|
| Basic concept, electromagnetic spectrum, spectral signature, resolutions-spectral |
| Spatial, temporal and radiometric, platforms and sensors, remote sensing data products-PAN, multispectral, microwave, thermal, hyperspectral, visual, and digital interpretation methods |
Geomatics engineering (part-A): Unit 03
GNSS |
|---|
| Principle used, components of GNSS, data collection methods, DGPS, errors in observations and corrections |
Geomatics engineering (part-A): Unit 04
GIS |
|---|
| Introduction, data sources, data models and data structures, algorithms, DBMS, creation of databases (spatial and non-spatial), spatial analysis-interpolation, buffer, overlay, terrain modeling and network analysis |
Geomatics engineering (part-B: Section-I)
Geomatics engineering (part-B: Section-I): Unit 01
Maps |
|---|
| Importance of maps to engineering projects, types of maps, scales and uses, plotting accuracy, map sheet numbering, coordinate systems-Cartesian and geographical, map projections, map datum-MSL, Geoid, spheroid, WGS-84 |
Geomatics engineering (part-B: Section-I): Unit 02
Land surveying |
|---|
| Various levels, levelling methods, compass, theodolite and total station and their uses, tachometer, trigonometric levelling, traversing, triangulation, and trilateration |
Geomatics engineering (part-B: Section-I): Unit 03
Aerial photogrammetry |
|---|
| Types of photographs, flying height and scale, relief (height) displacement, stereoscopy, 3-D Model, height determination using parallax bar, digital elevation model (DEM), slope |
Geomatics engineering (part-B: Section-I): Unit 04
Data quantization and processing |
|---|
| Sampling and quantization theory, principle of linear system, convolution, continuous, and discrete Fourier transform |
Geomatics engineering (part-B: Section-II)
Geomatics engineering (part-B: Section-II): Unit 01
Digital image processing |
|---|
| Digital image characteristics: Image histogram and scattergram and their significance, variance-covariance matrix, correlation matrix and their significance |
Geomatics engineering (part-B: Section-II): Unit 02
Radiometric and geometric corrections |
|---|
| Registration and resampling techniques |
Geomatics engineering (part-B: Section-II): Unit 03
Image enhancement |
|---|
| Contrast enhancement: Linear and non-linear methods; spatial enhancement: Noise and spatial filters |
Geomatics engineering (part-B: Section-II): Unit 04
Image transformation |
|---|
| Principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis, color transformations (RGB-IHS, CMYK), indices (Ratios, NDVI, NDWI) |
Geomatics engineering (part-B: Section-II): Unit 05
Image segmentation and classification |
|---|
| Simple techniques |
GATE Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Syllabus
General aptitude
General aptitude: Unit 01
Verbal aptitude |
|---|
| Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech, basic vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context, reading and comprehension, narrative sequencing |
General aptitude: Unit 02
Quantitative aptitude |
|---|
| Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables, numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms |
| Numerical computation and estimation: Permutations and combinations, and series, mensuration and geometry, elementary statistics and probability |
General aptitude: Unit 03
Analytical aptitude |
|---|
| Logic: Deduction and induction, analogy, numerical relations and reasoning |
General aptitude: Unit 04
Spatial aptitude |
|---|
| Transformation of shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, and grouping, paper folding, cutting, and patterns in 2 and 3 dimensions |
Naval architecture and marine engineering
Naval architecture and marine engineering: Unit 01
Engineering mathematics |
|---|
| Determinants and matrices, systems of linear equations, eigen values and eigen vectors |
| Functions, gradient, divergence, curl, chain rules, partial derivatives, directional derivatives, definite and indefinite integrals, line surface and volume integrals, theorems of Stokes, Gauss, and Green |
| Linear, non-linear, first and higher order ordinary and partial differential equations, separation of variables |
| Laplace transformation, analytical functions of complex variables, Fourier series, numerical methods for differentiation and integration, complex analysis, probability and statistics |
Naval architecture and marine engineering: Unit 02
Applied mechanics and structures |
|---|
| Engineering mechanics: Free-body diagrams and equilibrium; trusses and frames; virtual work; kinematics and dynamics of particles and rigid bodies in plane motion; impulse and momentum (linear and angular) and energy formulations |
| Mechanics of materials: Stress and strain, elastic constants, Poisson’s ratio; Mohr’s circle for plane stress and plane strain; shear force and bending moment diagrams; bending and shear stresses; torsion; Euler’s theory of columns; energy methods |
| Mechanics of materials: Theories and failure, material testing methods |
| Vibrations: Free and forced vibration of damped and undamped systems, single and multi DOF systems |
| Machine design: Design for static and dynamic loading; design of machine elements such as shafts, gears, rolling and sliding contact bearings; joining technics such as bolting, riveting and welding |
Naval architecture and marine engineering: Unit 03
Fluid mechanics and marine hydrodynamics |
|---|
| Fluid mechanics: Fluid properties; fluid statics, stability of floating bodies; conservation laws: Mass, momentum, and energy (integral and differential form); dimensional analysis and dynamic similarity; sources, sinks, doublets |
| Line vortex and their superposition; Stoke’s integral theorem |
| Generalised Bernoulli’s equation, sources, sinks, dipole, flow with circulation, potential flow with rotational symmetry, hydrodynamical lift, Kutta-Joukowski theorem |
| Vortex motion-fundamental concepts, vortex analogy to Biot-savart’s law, straight parallel vortex filaments, vortex sheets |
| Viscous flownavier-Stokes equations, Couette flow, plane Poiseuille flow |
| Equation of continuity, Eeuler‘s equation, Bernoulli‘s equation, viscous flow of incompressible fluids, elementary turbulent flow, boundary layer, flow through pipes |
| Boundary layer theory-Prandtl’s boundary layer equations, criterion for separation, Blasius solution, skin friction, displacement thickness, momentum thickness, turbulent boundary layer, boundary layer control |
| Airfoils-lift, drag, circulation, pressure distribution-theory of thin aerofoils, wings of infinite and finite span, circulation distribution, cavitation |
| Vorticity and Kelvin’s theorem, potential flow theory, sources, sinks and doublets, hydrodynamic forces in potential flow, D’Alembert’s paradox, added-mass, Slender-Body theory, hydrodynamic model testing, scaling laws |
| Application of potential theory to surface waves, energy transport, wave/ body forces, linearised theory of lifting surfaces |
Naval architecture and marine engineering: Unit 04
Naval architecture and ocean engineering |
|---|
| Ship geometry and physical fundamentals-Archimedes’ principle, buoyancy and weight of ship, laws of flotation, heel and trim, stable and unstable equilibrium of ships, importance of streamlined hull shape, ship main particulars, hydrostatic calculations |
| Stability and trim of ships: Statical stability at small angles of heel, inclining experiment. Shift of centre of gravity due to addition or removal of mass, transverse movement of mass and effect, free surface effect, effect of suspended mass |
| Stability and trim of ships: Stability at large angles of heel, angle of loll, curves of statical stability, dynamical stability, probabilistic and deterministic damage stability different characteristic curves of dynamic stability |
| Stability and trim of ships: Floodable length calculations and curves. Loss of stability due to grounding, docking stability |
| Resistance and propulsion: Components of ship resistance, form factor, hull roughness, model testing and ship resistance prediction methods, tank wall effects, determination of ship resistance different series test results, resistance of advanced vehicles |
| Resistance and propulsion: Appendage and added resistance. Geometry of screw propeller, propeller theories, hull-propeller interactions, different propulsive efficiency definitions. Propeller cavitation and effects. Propeller design and series |
| Resistance and propulsion: Open water and self propulsion model tests. Different types of propellers and their working principles. Propeller material, strength and manufacturing. Unconventional propellers |
| Ship manoeuvring and motions: Ship path keeping and changing, equations of motion, linearised equations and control fixed stability indexes, model tests. Stability and control in the horizontal and vertical planes-definitive manoeuvres and sea trials |
| Ship manoeuvring and motions: Rudder hydrodynamics, design and operation. Influence of propeller, hull, appendages, etc on rudder performance. Experimental methods for the determination of hydrodynamic derivatives |
| Ship manoeuvring and motions: Ocean waves-regular, irregular, trochoidal. Wave spectrum, encounter frequency. Types of ship motions, coupled and non-coupled motions, equations of motion. Dynamic effects of ship motion in seaway |
| Ship manoeuvring and motions: Different ship motion stabilisers-passive and active. Different numerical and experimental methods to determine ship motions-strip theory, BEM, FEM. Sea keeping features of high-performance marine vehicles |
| Ship structures and strength: Shipbuilding materials, joining techniques, ship structural and framing systems-bottom, side, deck, bulkhead, end structures, and structural connections. Primary and secondary structural members, superstructure, hatch covers |
| Ship structures and strength: Machinery foundations, cargo handling systems and support structures. Loads acting on ships in seaway, longitudinal and transverse strength considerations and estimation methods. Strength of hull girder |
| Ship structures and strength: Stiffened plate analysis, torsion of hull girder, deformation and stresses, local strength analysis; reliability analysis and ultimate strength of hull girder, structural vibrations, fatigue and fracture |
| Physical oceanography: Physical properties of seawater, different types of ocean waves-tides and wind waves, and their importance. Offshore structures: Fixed offshore platforms-jackets, gravity platforms; floating platforms-semi-submersibles, jack-ups |
| Physical oceanography: Floating platforms-TLPs, FPSOs; mooring, station keeping. Port and harbor engineering: Ports and harbours, port structures-jetties, dolphins, liquid berths, dredging, navigation |
Naval architecture and marine engineering: Unit 05
Thermodynamics and marine engineering |
|---|
| Thermodynamics: First law of thermodynamics-closed system undergoing a cycle; closed system undergoing a change of state; internal energy of a system; expansion work; process using ideal gas-constant pressure, constant volume, isothermal |
| Thermodynamics: First law of thermodynamics-adiabatic and polytropic process-work done and heat added in different process; first law applied to one-dimensional steady flow process, flow energy, steady flow energy equation (ID) |
| Thermodynamics: Second law of thermodynamics-different statements; reversible and irreversible process; corollaries of second law-absolute temperature scale; Carnot cycle-Carnot engine, refrigerator and heat pump |
| Thermodynamics: Clausius inequality and definition of entropy, change of entropy of an ideal gas; gas power cycles and IC engines; gas power cycles: Carnot cycle, Brayton cycle, Erricson cycle, Sterling cycle etc; air standard cycles-Otto-diesel |
| Thermodynamics: Dual and joule cycle; evaluation of thermal efficiency and mean effective pressure; internal combustion engine-classification of IC engines |
| Thermodynamics: Internal combustion engine-principle of operation of spark ignition and compression ignition engines both two stroke and four stroke; stages of combustion in SI and CI engines |
| Thermodynamics: Knocking and detonation-factors controlling knock and detonation, methods of preventing Knocking and detonation; refrigeration-principle of operation of simple vapour compression system, comparison with vapour compression systems |
| Thermodynamics: Air conditioning principles-sensible heating and cooling, humidification and dehumidification, cooling and humidification, cooling and dehumidification-heating and humidification, heating and dehumidification |
| Thermodynamics: Adiabatic mixing of air streams-cooling and heating load calculation |
| Marine diesel engines: General engine principles, low speed and medium speed diesel engines, two and four stroke engines, scavenging and turbocharging, fuel oil system, lubricating oil systems, cooling systems, torque and power measurement |
| Marine diesel engines: Starting air systems and reversing systems, controls and safety devices, couplings and gearboxes, specific fuel consumption. Waste heat recovery system, MARPOL regulations and energy efficiency design index (EEDI) |
| Marine diesel engines: Ship energy efficiency management plan (SEEMP) |
| Marine steam turbines: Types of turbines, compounding, reheat, turbine construction, rotors, blades, casing, gland sealing, diaphragms, nozzles, bearings, etc lubrication systems, expansion arrangements, gearings. Marine gas turbines-fundamentals of GT |
| Marine steam turbines: Marine gas turbines-structure of gas turbines, gearing, operational features, controls, combined cycles. Nuclear propulsion-physical principles of the operation of nuclear reactors, use of nuclear propulsion on seagoing vessels |
| Marine steam turbines: Nuclear propulsion-electrical propulsion |
| Marine boilers: Types-fire tube, water tube boilers, package boilers, cochran boilers, composite boilers, steam to steam generators, double evaporation boilers, exhaust gas heat exchangers, auxiliary steam plant systems, exhaust gas boilers |
| Marine boilers: Types-composite boilers. Boiler mounting, combustion, feed system, feed water treatment |
| Engine dynamics: Torsional vibration of engine and shafting, axial shaft vibration, critical speeds, engine rating, rating corrections, trial tests, etc relationship of engine to the propeller classification society rules on engine construction |
| Engine dynamics: Engine room arrangement. Automation of ship propulsion plants, maintenance requirements and reliability of propulsion plants |
| Marine auxiliary machinery and systems: Different types of pumps and piping systems in ships-hot water, drinking water, cooling water and seawater, fuel oil systems, lubricating oil system filters, coolers, centrifuges, purifiers and clarifiers |
| Marine auxiliary machinery and systems: Bilge and ballast systems, sewage disposal, oily water separator, air compressors, boilers, heat exchangers, waste heat recovery systems; heat, ventilation and air conditioning systems |
| Marine auxiliary machinery and systems: Dech machinery and cargo handling systems; propulsions and steering gear systems |
Since GATE is a national level entrance examination for postgraduate engineering admissions and PSU recruitment, the difficulty level is quite high. Therefore, the candidates should be well prepared for the examination. Candidates can check the tips for GATE 2023 given below to boost their preparation for the upcoming exam.
Create a study schedule as per convenience. Candidates should note that they should not overwork and just work to the best of their abilities.
Know the exam pattern and syllabus. Candidates should check the syllabus and exam pattern beforehand to know which topics have to be studied and the type of questions likely to be asked.
Candidates can also prepare notes regularly to have quick revisions anytime anywhere.
While studying is important, the candidates should also take small breaks in between to ensure they are in their best condition.
Also Read:
GATE Topper Interview
Candidates can read some of the previous year's topper interviews from the below table.
Topper Name | All India Rank (AIR) | Topper interview link |
Rajat Gupta | 8 (ME) | |
Anirudh Joshi | 14 (PE) | |
Arunava Mondal | 5 (MN) | |
Ankita Modi | 14 (BM) | |
Yogesh Singh Dosad | 23 (AG) | |
Chirag Katariya | AIR 2 (PE) | |
Yatish Naman Asthana | 2 (AR) | |
Siddharth Gupta | AIR 18 (XH) | |
Amrit Layak | AIR 13 (TF) | |
Navneet Gangwar | AIR 4 (CS) | |
Sourav Duari | AIR 1 (PH) |
The authorities have released the GATE 2023 exam pattern in online mode. With the help of the exam pattern of GATE exam 2023, students can check many important details related to the Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering such as duration, sections, number or papers and more. The GATE 2023 will be conducted for 29 papers.
Also Read:
GATE 2023 Exam Pattern
Particulars | Details |
Examination Mode | Computer Based Test |
Duration | 3 hours (180 minutes) |
Number of GATE Papers | 29 Papers |
Sections |
|
Type of Questions |
|
Total Number of Questions | 65 Questions (including 10 questions from General Aptitude) |
Design of Questions | Questions test the following abilities:
|
Distribution of Questions - AE, AG, BT, CE, CH, CS, EC, EE, IN, ME, MN, MT, PE, PI, TF, XE and BM |
|
Distribution of Questions in AR, CY, EY, GG, MA, PH, XH, and XL |
|
Total Marks | 100 Marks |
Marking Scheme |
|
GATE 2023 Marking Scheme
Paper Code | General Aptitude (GA) Marks | Subject Marks | Total Marks | Total Time (Minutes) |
AE, AR, AG, BT, CE, CH, CS, CY, EC, EE, ES, EY, IN, MA, ME, MN, MT, PE, PH, PI, TF, ST and BM | 15 | 85 | 100 | 180 |
GG [Part A + Part B (Section 1 Geology OR Section 2 Geophysics)] | 15 | 25 + 60 | 100 | 180 |
XE (Section A + Any TWO Sections) | 15 | 15 + (2 x 35) | 100 | 180 |
XH (Section B1 + Any ONE Section) | 15 | 25 + (1 x 60) | 100 | 180 |
XL (Section P + Any TWO Sections) | 15 | 25 + (2 x 30) | 100 | 180 |
GATE Paper Codes
Papers | Codes | Papers | Codes |
Architecture and Planning | AR | Mathematics | MA |
Biotechnology | BT | Physics | PE |
Aerospace Engineering | AE | Metallurgical Engineering | MT |
Agricultural Engineering | AG | Engineering Sciences | XE |
Chemical Engineering | CH | Life Sciences | XL |
Civil Engineering | CE | Instrumentation Engineering | IN |
Computer Science and Information Technology | CS | Mining Engineering | MN |
Electronics and Communication Engineering | EC | Mechanical Engineering | ME |
Electrical Engineering | EE | Textile Engineering and Fibre Science | TF |
Chemistry | CY | Production and Industrial Engineering | PI |
Ecology and Evolution | EY | Petroleum Engineering | PE |
Geology and Geophysics | GG | Statistics | ST |
Biomedical Engineering | BM | Environmental Science and Engineering | ES |
Humanities and Social Science | XH | Naval Architecture & Marine Engineering | NM |
Geomatics Engineering | GE |
Students who are preparing for GATE 2023 exam should attempt the official mock test. The exam conducting authorities will release the GATE 2023 mock test in online mode. The GATE 2023 mock test is a replica of the entrance examination and can be used to boost the preparation process. The mock test will help candidates get familiar with the functionalities of the online exam. Listed below are some of the main features of the mock test:
The mock test is paper-specific. Candidates can take the mock test which is specifically available for their paper.
Candidates will be able to understand the exam in a better way and get rid of exam fear by attempting the GATE mock test 2023.
During the mock test, the status of questions, such as - answered, unanswered, and marked for review, will be seen on the screen in a different colour palette.
Two sections will be present in the mock test – subject-specific section and General Aptitude section
The candidate will have the ability to navigate between sections and from one question to another using specific symbols during the mock test.
How to attempt GATE 2023 Mock Test?
Candidates can follow the steps given below to attempt the mock test of GATE 2023,
Visit the official website of GATE exam.
Login to the website with valid credentials (link will be available once released).
After successful login, you can take the Mock Tests.
GATE exam will have a timer that shows the time remaining for the test to finish.
GATE Mock Test - Previous year's
Subject Code | GATE Paper | GATE Mock Test |
AE | ||
AG | ||
AR | Architecture and Planning | |
BT | ||
CE | CE1: Click Here CE2: Click Here | |
CH | ||
CS | ||
CY | ||
EC | ||
EE | ||
ES | Environmental Science and Engineering | |
EY | Ecology and Evolution | |
GG | Geology and Geophysics | |
IN | ||
MA | Mathematics | |
ME | ME 1: Click Here ME 2: Click Here | |
MN | ||
MT | ||
PE | ||
PH | Physics | |
PI | ||
ST | Statistics | |
TF | Textile Engineering and Fiber Science | |
XE | Engineering Sciences | |
XL | Life Sciences | |
BM | Biomedical Engineering | |
XH | Humanities & Social Sciences | C1: Economics- Click Here C2: English- Click Here C3: Linguistics- Click Here C4: Philosophy- Click Here C5: Psychology- Click Here C6: Sociology- Click Here |
Registered candidates will be able to download the GATE 2023 admit card by login into the GOAPS website. To download GATE admit card, candidates will have to log-in to the GOAPS portal using their enrollment or email id and password.
GATE 2023 admit card is an important document which the candidates have to keep safe throughout the admission process. While reporting to the exam centre, the candidates will have to present their GATE 2023 admit card and one valid identity proof. In case of any mistakes in the GATE 2023 hall ticket/admit card, the candidates will have to contact the authorities.
Steps to download GATE Admit Card 2023
Visit the GOAPS portal.
Candidates will have to GATE 2023 login using their enrollment id/ email address and password.
The GATE admit card will be displayed on the screen.
Candidates will have to download and take 2 printouts of the same.
Video on how to download GATE Admit Card
GATE Admit Card Image
List of documents allowed with GATE 2023 admit card (Indian Students)
Aadhaar Card
Voter ID
PAN Card
Passport
College ID
Employee ID
Driving License
List of documents allowed for International Candidates
Valid Passport
Government Issued ID
College ID
Employee ID
GATE Exam Day Guidelines
GATE 2023 Exam Centers
| State | City |
|---|---|
| Andhra Pradesh | Anantapur |
| Kurnool | |
| Bhimavaram | |
| Eluru | |
| Kakinada | |
| Rajahmundry | |
| Tadepalligudem | |
| Tirupati | |
| Srikakulam | |
| Vijayawada | |
| Visakhapatnam | |
| Kerala | Angamaly |
| Kannur | |
| Kasaragod | |
| Kozhikode | |
| Malappuram | |
| Palakkad | |
| Thrissur | |
| Thiruvananthapuram | |
| Payyanur | |
| Vadakara | |
| Karnataka | Bagalkot |
| Ballari | |
| Belagavi | |
| Bengaluru | |
| Bidar | |
| Davanagere | |
| Hassan | |
| Hubballi | |
| Kalaburagi | |
| Kolar | |
| Mangaluru | |
| Manipal | |
| Mysuru | |
| Shimoga | |
| Tumakuru | |
| Telangana | Hyderabad |
| Warangal | |
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands | Port Blair |
| Gujarat | Ahmedabad |
| Anand | |
| Bhavnagar | |
| Bhuj | |
| Gandhinagar | |
| Mehsana | |
| Rajkot | |
| Surat | |
| Vadodara | |
| Maharashtra | Ahmednagar |
| Amravati | |
| Aurangabad | |
| Baramati | |
| Jalgaon | |
| Kankavali | |
| Kolhapur | |
| Mumbai | |
| Nagpur | |
| Nanded | |
| Nashik | |
| Navi Mumbai | |
| Pune | |
| Ratnagiri | |
| Sangli | |
| Satara | |
| Solapur | |
| Thane | |
| Dhule | |
| Goa | Goa |
| Rajasthan | Ajmer |
| Alwar | |
| Bikaner | |
| Jaipur | |
| Jodhpur | |
| Kota | |
| Sikar | |
| Udaipur | |
| Chittorgarh | |
| Haryana | Bahadurgarh |
| Faridabad | |
| Gurugram | |
| Hisar | |
| Karnal | |
| Palwal | |
| Ambala | |
| Kurukshetra | |
| Yamuna Nagar | |
| Uttar Pradesh | Greater Noida |
| Mathura | |
| Agra | |
| Aligarh | |
| Allahabad | |
| Bareilly | |
| Gorakhpur | |
| Lucknow | |
| Varanasi | |
| Ghaziabad | |
| Meerut | |
| Moradabad | |
| Muzaffarnagar | |
| Noida | |
| Kanpur | |
| Muzzafarpur | |
| Jhansi | |
| Madhya Pradesh | Indore |
| Ujjain | |
| Bhopal | |
| Gwalior | |
| Jabalpur | |
| Satna | |
| Sagar | |
| Jammu and Kashmir | Jammu |
| Samba | |
| Ladakh | |
| Delhi | New Delhi |
| Tripura | Agartala |
| West Bengal | Asansol |
| Burdwan | |
| Kalyani | |
| Siliguri | |
| Hooghly | |
| Kharagpur | |
| Kolkata | |
| Durgapur | |
| Jharkhand | Dhanbad |
| Jamshedpur | |
| Ranchi | |
| Bokaro Steel City | |
| Assam | Dibrugarh |
| Guwahati | |
| Jorhat | |
| Silchar | |
| Tezpur | |
| Sikkim | Gangtok |
| Manipur | Imphal |
| Bihar | Muzaffarpur |
| Patna | |
| Arrah | |
| Purnea | |
| Meghalaya | Shillong |
| Odisha | Balasore |
| Berhampur | |
| Bhubaneshwar | |
| Cuttack | |
| Rourkela | |
| Sambalpur | |
| Dhenkanal | |
| Chhattisgarh | Bhilai |
| Bilaspur | |
| Raipur | |
| Tamil Nadu | Tiruchirappalli |
| Tirunelveli | |
| Vellore | |
| Viluppuram | |
| Virudhunagar | |
| Punjab | Amritsar |
| Bathinda | |
| Jalandhar | |
| Khanna | |
| Ludhiana | |
| Mohali | |
| Pathankot | |
| Patiala | |
| Sangrur | |
| Muzzafarpur | |
| Himachal Pradesh | Baddi |
| Hamirpur | |
| Shimla | |
| Una | |
| Uttarakhand | Bhimtal |
| Dehradun | |
| Haldwani | |
| Roorkee | |
| Arunachal Pradesh | Itanagar |
Documents Required at Exam
- Printout of GATE 2023 admit card
- Original and valid ID proof: passport, PAN Card, voter ID, Aadhaar-UID, college ID, employee ID or driving license
Candidates will be able to access the provisional answer key of GATE 2023 in online mode a few days after the conclusion of entrance exam. The correct answers to all of the questions of GATE 2023 will be available and the candidates can check it to calculate their probable secure scores before the result is announced.
By following the official marking scheme, the candidates can determine what scores they have secured. Candidates will also be able to raise objections against the provisional GATE 2023 answer key within the specified period. After checking the objections, the final GATE answer key will be released by the authorities.
Previous Year's GATE Question Paper and Answer Key (Official)
Paper Name | GATE Question Paper | GATE Answer Key |
AE: Aerospace Engineering | ||
AG: Agricultural Engineering | ||
AR: Architecture and Planning | ||
BM: Biomedical Engineering | ||
BT: Biotechnology | ||
CE: Civil Engineering | ||
CH: Chemical Engineering | ||
CS: Computer Science and Information Technology | ||
CY: Chemistry | ||
EC: Electronics and Communication Engineering | ||
EE: Electrical Engineering | ||
ES: Environmental Science and Engineering | ||
EY: Ecology and Evolution | ||
GG: Geology | ||
GG: Geophysics | ||
IN: Instrumentation Engineering | ||
MA: Mathematics | ||
ME: Mechanical Engineering | ||
MN: Mining Engineering | ||
MT: Metallurgical Engineering | ||
PE: Petroleum Engineering | ||
PH: Physics | ||
PI: Production and Industrial Engineering | ||
ST: Statistics | ||
TF: Textile Engineering and Fibre Science | ||
XE-A: Engineering Mathematics | ||
XE-B: Fluid Mechanics | ||
XE-C: Materials Science | ||
XE-D: Solid Mechanics | ||
XE-E: Thermodynamics | ||
XE-F: Polymer Science and Engineering | ||
XE-G: Food Technology | ||
XE-H: Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences | ||
XH-C1: Humanities & Social Sciences - Economics | ||
XH-C2: Humanities & Social Sciences - English | ||
XH-C3: Humanities & Social Sciences - Linguistics | ||
XH-C4: Humanities & Social Sciences - Philosophy | ||
XH-C5: Humanities & Social Sciences - Psychology | ||
XH-C6: Humanities & Social Sciences - Sociology | ||
XL-P: Chemistry | ||
XL-Q: Biochemistry | ||
XL-R: Botany | ||
XL-S: Microbiology | ||
XL-T: Zoology | ||
XL-U: Food Technology |
1060 Colleges Accepting Admission through GATE
The authorities will release the GATE 2023 result at the official website. Candidates can check their GATE results by logging in using their enrollment id/ email id and date of birth. Information related to secured scores and the All India Rank of the candidate is available in the result. The authorities will release the GATE score card for only those candidates who have scored equal to or more than the qualifying cutoff in GATE 2023.
Steps to download GATE 2023 Result
Go to the official website
Candidates will have to enter their enrollment id, registration number, and date of birth
Click on the Submit button.
The GATE result will be displayed on the screen.
GATE 2023 Score Card
The authorities will release the scorecard of GATE 2023 in online mode. Candidates can download the GATE 2023 score card for free till a deadline specified by the authorities. Thereafter candidates can download the scorecard by paying a fee of Rs. 500. The scorecard will be issued for only those candidates who score equal to or more than the qualifying cutoff.
Details mentioned in GATE Score Card 2023
The following details will be mentioned in the scorecard of GATE 2023-
Candidate’s name and photograph
Gender
Registration Number of GATE 2023
Attempted GATE paper
Obtained Score (calculated out of 1000)
Total Marks obtained out of 100 (Raw score)
GATE 2023 Score Card Validity
Obtained All India Rank
Qualifying Marks (Category-wise)
Total number of candidates who took the paper
GATE Result Highlights: Previous year's
GATE 2022 Result - Statistics
Particulars | details |
Number of candidates appeared for the exam | 7,11,542 |
Number of candidates declared qualified | 1,26,813 |
Number of qualified male candidates | 98,732 |
Number of qualified female candidates | 28,081 |
GATE 2021 Result Statistics
Number of Admit cards issued: 913275
Number of students who appeared for GATE 2021: 711542
No. of qualified students in GATE this year: 126813
GATE 2021 Pass percentage: 17.82%
GATE Score Card download dates: March 27 to June 30, 2021
Percentage of qualified candidates in individual GATE papers: from 8.42% to 29.54%.
GATE 2021 qualified candidates (gender details): 98732 male and 28081 female candidates.
The minimum marks that a candidate has to score to qualify in the examination constitutes the qualifying cutoff of GATE 2023. Along with the result, the qualifying GATE cutoff will also be declared by the authorities. Candidates need to meet the qualifying cutoff for GATE 2023 to qualify for the examination, however, for allotment, the admission cutoff has to be satisfied. Since there is no common counselling for GATE, the admission cutoff will be determined by institutes for admission to various M.Tech courses offered by them.
GATE 2023 Qualifying Cutoff Vs Admission Cutoff:
Candidates participating in GATE 2023 must understand the difference between the GATE admission cutoff and the GATE qualifying cutoff.
GATE qualifying cutoff is the minimum mark required by the candidates to qualify for the exam. GATE cutoff will vary as per the different categories of candidates and also differ for 29 subjects. The qualifying cutoff of GATE will be released along with the declaration of result.
GATE admission cutoff is the minimum mark required by the candidates to get admission to the participating institutes. The admission cutoff of GATE will be released by the institute during the admission process.
Previous Year's GATE Qualifying Cutoff (Official)
GATE Paper 2022 | GATE Qualifying Marks | ||
General | OBC-NCL/ EWS | SC/ST/PwD | |
CS | 25 | 22.5 | 16.6 |
ECE | 25 | 22.5 | 16.5 |
Biotechnology | 35.5 | 31.9 | 23.6 |
Chemical Engineering | 25.3 | 22.7 | 16.8 |
Statistics | 25 | 22.5 | 16.6 |
Metallurgical engineering | 46.2 | 41.5 | 30.8 |
Mathematics | 27.3 | 24.5 | 18.2 |
Electrical engineering | 30.7 | 27.6 | 20.4 |
Textile engineering and fibre science | 36.8 | 34.9 | 25.6 |
Mechanical Engineering (ME) | 28.1 | 25.2 | 18.7 |
Physics | 26.5 | 23.8 | – |
Life Science (Botany/ Zoology) | 33.9 | 30.5 | 22.5 |
Ecology and life sciences | 33.4 | 30 | 22.2 |
Agriculture Engineering | 26.3 | 23.6 | 17.5 |
Chemistry | 27.5 | 24.7 | 18.3 |
Mining Engineering | 25.5 | 22.9 | 17 |
Engineering Sciences (Fluid Mechanics/ Thermodynamics) | 40.3 | 36.2 | 26.8 |
Mode of Counselling: Online
There will be no common counselling for GATE 2023. All candidates will have to individually apply for admissions at their preferred institutes. However, the GATE 2023 counselling and admission process for IIT admissions is done by COAP. Similarly, for admissions into NITs, IIEST Shibpur, and some IIITs & GFTIs, CCMT is conducted.
What is GATE COAP 2023?
GATE Common Offer Acceptance (COAP) was started in 2017 by the IITs as a common admission platform for making admission offers to candidates. So, while the candidate still needs to apply to an IIT individually for admission, he/she will only know about any offers by registering on the COAP portal. Also, the acceptance or rejection of offers can be made only through COAP.
Admission to IITs is a two-step process:
- Apply to an IIT (or IITs): The candidate has to apply to the IIT based on their GATE scores.
Register on COAP to view, accept, or reject admission offers. Based on the applications received by the IITs, they will make all the offers on COAP portal.
Note: IIT COAP is not an application portal, but instead an admission portal.
CCMT: Admissions to the postgraduate programmes will be through CCMT which is the Centralized Counselling for M.Tech/ M.Arch/ M.Plan admissions at the NITs, and other GFTIs. Candidates have to fill the application form on CCMT to be conducted by one of the NITs, fill their choices of courses and institutes and after the seat is allotted on the basis of their GATE score, they must complete admission formalities if they accept the seat.
Documents Required at Counselling
- Self attested copy of GATE score card
- Photo ID proof as per government of India norms
- Original birth certificate issued by competent authority
- Class X (high school) board certificate as date of birth proof
- Class XII original mark sheet
- Original grade or mark sheets of qualifying examination for all semesters
- If degree is completed, original degree or provisional certificate
- Original category certificate for candidates belonging to SC/ ST/ OB categories, if applicable
- Candidate's undertaking regarding OB status in the required format
- Original certificate for PwD, if applicable
- Original migration certificate of last institute/ university attended
- Three color passport size photographs
- Original conduct certificate from the head of the institute last attended
- Original transfer certificate from the head of the institute last attended
- Original course completion certificate from the head of the university or institute, in case result is awaited
- One set of self-attested photocopies of all original documents
General Information
Relevant Links
Official Website Link Click Here
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Question:When will GATE 2023 application form be released?
Answer:
GATE 2023 registration will begin from August 30.
Question:How can I download the GATE admit card?
Answer:
Students will be able to download the admit card of GATE from the official website using enrollment id and password.
Question:How can I check GATE result 2023?
Answer:
GATE 2023 result will be declared on the official website only. Candidates have to login in GOAPS portal using their enrollment ID date of birth.
Question:How many papers can I apply for in GATE 2023?
Answer:
Candidates can apply for a maximum of two papers for GATE 2023.
Question:For how many papers will GATE 2023 be conducted?
Answer:
The GATE 2023 will be conducted for 29 papers.
Question:How many questions will be asked in GATE 2023 exam?
Answer:
GATE 2023 question paper will have a total of 65 questions.
Question:How many GATE papers can I apply?
Answer:
A candidate can apply for one or two subject papers of the 29 papers listed on the website.
Question:Is any candidate allowed to leave the exam hall during the GATE 2023?
Answer:
No, candidates will not be allowed to leave the exam hall before the conclusion of examination.
Question:Can I use a scientific calculator during the GATE 2023 exam?
Answer:
No, candidates will be provided with a virtual scientific calculator.
Question:After submission of GATE 2023 application, am I allowed to change my Exam Paper or City?
Answer:
Yes, candidates will be given time to change/edit the submitted application form after the last date for application submission.
Question:What items are permitted to be taken inside the exam centre?
Answer:
GATE 2023 Admit Card, original valid photo ID proof, and a pen are allowed to be brought inside the examination hall.
Question:Will candidates get extra time corresponding to my delayed entry?
Answer:
No, The candidate with a permitted delayed entry will not get any extra time.
Question:When will I know the status of my GATE 2023 application form?
Answer:
By logging into the GOAPS website, one can check the status of your application form.
Question:Do I have to upload my EWS certificate during the GATE 2023 application process?
Answer:
No, need not upload any EWS certificate because cut off of both General and General-EWS are same.
Question:What is GATE 2023 exam date?
Answer:
The GATE 2023 exam date is February 4, 5, 11 and 12.
Question:When will the GATE 2023 mock test released?
Answer:
GATE mock test 2023 release date will be notified later.