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    About AP PGECET 2024

    AP PGECET 2024: Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati has commenced the AP PGECET 2024 phase 2 registration on September 20, 2024. The authority has updated the AP PGECET 2024 registration link on the official website, pgecet-sche1.aptonline.in. The last date to register for the round 2 counselling is September 22, 2024. The authority has published the AP PGECET 2024 counselling schedule for round 2 on the official website. The AP PGECET 2024 seat allotment will be announced on September 30, 2024.

    The authority has announced the AP PGECET 2024 seat allotment on September 14, 2024. The AP PGECET web option editing process concluded on September 12. Candidates could exercise the AP PGECET 2024 web options entry from September 8 to 11. The AP PGECET counselling registration portal for non-GATE/GPAT candidates was active from September 4 to 6. Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati conducted the counselling for GATE/GPAT candidates from August 25 to September 3.

    The authority conducted the AP PGECET 2024 exam from May 29 to 31. AP PGECET 2024 hall ticket was issued on May 22, 2024. The link to download the AP PGECET 2024 admit card is available on the official website, cets.apsche.ap.gov.in/PGECET. To prepare for the entrance test, candidates must follow the AP PGECET syllabus and exam pattern.

    The authority concluded the AP PGECET 2024 application form correction process on May 14, 2024. The AP PGECET 2024 form correction window was opened on May 8.  The last date to apply for AP PGECET 2024 without a late fee was April 20. However, candidates could submit the AP PGECET 2024 application form with a late fee by May 12. Candidates who have completed graduation in the relevant field with a minimum of 50% (45% for reserved category) could apply for the AP PGECET 2024.

    AP PGECET 2024: Latest News and Notification

    • Registration for AP PGECET 2024 counselling round 2 commenced on September 20, 2024.
    • AP PGECET 2024 round 2 counselling schedule published.
    • AP PGECET 2024 seat allotment for round 1 has been announced.
    • Change of AP PGECET web options concluded.
    • AP PGECET answer key challenge window closed.
    • The preliminary answer key for AP PGECET exam held on May 29 is available now.
    • AP PGECET 2024 exam commenced.
    • AP PGECET admit card 2024 released.
    • AP PGECET 2024 form correction concluded.
    • AP PGECET form correction started.
    • AP PGECET 2024 registration commenced.
    • Sri Venkateswara University has announced the AP PGECET 2024 exam date online. The authority will conduct the AP PGECET 2024 from May 29 to 31, 2024.

    What is AP PGECET?

    AP PGECET or Andhra Pradesh Post Graduate Engineering Common Engineering Entrance Test is a state entrance exam conducted by Andhra University, Visakhapatnam. The candidates who will qualify for the exam will be eligible to get admission to the Engineering / Pharmacy colleges and their affiliated colleges approved by the All India Council for Technical Education for various courses like M.E./MTech, M. Pharma, and Pharm. D courses. AP PGECET is a state-level examination that is conducted once a year. The duration of the exam is 2 hours and the candidates are asked 120 MCQs with one mark each.

    The authorities will first release the preliminary answer key of AP PGECET 2024 and the candidates will be able to raise objections against the answer key. The AP PGECET 2024 result will be announced on the official website Those students who will be appeared in the AP PGECET examination are allowed to check their results at cets.apsche.ap.gov.in. For downloading the rank card, the registration number, PGECET hall ticket number, and date of birth will be required. Candidates who qualify AP PGECET exam will be eligible to participate in the counselling process on a merit basis.

    The AP PGECET 2024 counselling date will be released by the authorities. Admission into MTech courses offered by the AP PGECET 2024 participating institutions will be done through the Andhra Pradesh PGECET exam and GATE exam. Candidates must note that GATE-qualified candidates will be exempted from appearing for the AP PG entrance examination and are eligible for direct admissions.
    Also read - GRE exam

    AP PGECET 2024  Papers

    AP PGECET exam 2024 will be conducted for the following subject papers:

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    AP PGECET 2024 Highlights

    Full Exam Name Andhra Pradesh Post Graduate Engineering Common Entrance Test
    Short Exam Name AP PGECET
    Conducting Body Sri Venkateswara University Tirupati
    Frequency of Conduct Once a year
    Exam Level State Level Exam
    Languages English
    Mode of Application Online
    Application Fee (General) 1200 Rs [Online]
    Mode of Exam Online
    Mode of Counselling Online / Offline
    Participating Colleges 123
    Exam Duration 2 Hours
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    AP PGECET 2024 Important Dates

    Upcoming Dates and Events

    15 Sep, 2024 - 20 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Non-GATE Candidates: Self reporting | Mode: Offline Ongoing

    20 Sep, 2024 - 22 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Phase 2- Registration | Mode: Online Ongoing

    24 Sep, 2024 - 25 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Phase 2-Web Counselling Registration& Uploading of certificates | Mode: Online

    25 Sep, 2024 - 26 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Phase 2- Online Certificate Verification | Mode: Online

    27 Sep, 2024 - 28 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Phase 2-Web options Selection | Mode: Online

    29 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Phase 2- Change of Web options | Mode: Online

    30 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Phase 2 - Seat Allotment | Mode: Online

    01 Oct, 2024 - 04 Oct, 2024

    Counselling - Phase 2- Reporting at the allotted Colleges | Mode: Online

    Past Dates and Events

    17 Sep, 2024

    Commencement of classwork - Start Date | Mode: Offline

    14 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Non-GATE Candidates: Seat Allotment | Mode: Online

    04 Sep, 2024 - 12 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Self-reporting | Mode: Online

    12 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Non-GATE Candidates: Edit Web Options | Mode: Online

    08 Sep, 2024 - 11 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Non-GATE Candidates: Web Options | Mode: Online

    05 Sep, 2024 - 07 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Non-GATE Candidates: Certification verification | Mode: Online

    04 Sep, 2024 - 06 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Non-GATE Candidates: Registration | Mode: Online

    03 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Seat allotment | Mode: Online

    01 Sep, 2024

    Counselling - Change of web options | Mode: Online

    30 Aug, 2024 - 31 Aug, 2024

    Counselling - Web option | Mode: Online

    26 Aug, 2024 - 29 Aug, 2024

    Counselling - Verification of uploaded certificates | Mode: Online

    25 Aug, 2024 - 28 Aug, 2024

    Counselling - Registration form | Mode: Online

    19 Jun, 2024

    Result - Declaration of Ranks | Mode: Online

    02 Jun, 2024 - 04 Jun, 2024

    Answer Key - Objections on preliminary | Mode: Online

    02 Jun, 2024

    Answer Key - Preliminary answer key for May 31 exam | Mode: Online

    31 May, 2024 - 02 Jun, 2024

    Answer Key - Preliminary | Mode: Online

    01 Jun, 2024

    Answer Key - Preliminary answer key for May 30 exam | Mode: Online

    29 May, 2024 - 31 May, 2024

    Exam | Mode: Online

    22 May, 2024 - 31 May, 2024

    Admit Card | Mode: Online

    31 May, 2024

    Answer Key - Preliminary answer key for May 29 exam | Mode: Online

    08 May, 2024 - 14 May, 2024

    Application Correction | Mode: Online

    06 May, 2024 - 12 May, 2024

    Application - Online application with late fee Rs. 5000 | Mode: Online

    29 Apr, 2024 - 05 May, 2024

    Application - Online application with late fee Rs. 2000 | Mode: Online

    21 Apr, 2024 - 28 Apr, 2024

    Application - Online application with late fee Rs. 500 | Mode: Online

    23 Mar, 2024 - 20 Apr, 2024

    Application | Mode: Online

    17 Mar, 2024

    Advertisement | Mode: Online

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    AP PGECET 2024 Eligibility Criteria

    Candidates are advised to check the eligibility criteria of AP PGECET 2024 before filling out the application form. The authorities have released the AP PGECET 2024 eligibility criteria on the official website. Candidates not complying with the eligibility criteria of AP PGECET 2024 will not be allowed to participate in the exam process. AP PGECET eligibility criteria for 2024 are listed below:

    • Age – Candidates should not be younger than 21 years of age. The authorities have not enunciated any upper age limit for AP PGECET 2024.

    • Nationality – The candidates should be of Indian nationality.

    • Domicile – The candidates applying for the AP PGECET exam 2024 should be permanent residents of Andhra Pradesh or Telangana.

    • Academic Qualifications – They must have passed the qualifying examination i.e., B.E./ B.Tech successfully.

    • Marks Required – The candidates belonging to the general category are required to secure at least 50% marks in the qualifying exam, whereas the candidates of reserved categories have to score 40%.

    • GATE – Direct admissions will be offered for GATE-qualified candidates
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    AP PGECET 2024 Application Process

    Mode of Application : Online

    Mode of Payment : Net Banking | Credit Card | Debit Card | Other

    The authority concluded the AP PGECET form correction process on May 14. The registered candidates could modify the information in the application before the last date. AP PGECET 2024 registration without late fee concluded on April 20. However, candidates could apply for AP PGECET with a late fee by May 12. Students need to check the eligibility criteria before applying for the AP PGECET 2024 exam.

    How to fill AP PGECET 2024 Application Form?

    Candidates are provided below with the steps to fill AP PGECET form 2024:

    • Candidates have to visit the AP PGECET 2024 official website at sche.ap.gov.in. The first step requires candidates to pay the application fee. Payment of the AP PGECET application fee has to be done in online mode (net banking/credit card/debit card) or offline through AP Online Centres. After the application fee payment, candidates were able to continue with the AP PGECET application process.

    • Candidates have to submit the following information while filling out the AP PGECET 2024 application form – payment reference ID, qualifying examination hall ticket number, mobile number, and date of birth.

    • They will also have to provide personal, communication, and qualifying examination details. Selection of preferred AP PGECET exam centre also has to be done.

    • The scanned images of their photograph and signature are to be uploaded as per the specifications mentioned by the candidates.

    • Finally, the candidates have to submit their AP PGECET 2024 application form. The generated registration number will have to be kept safely for future use. The printout of the filled application form also has to be produced at the examination venue.

    Application Fees

    Category Quota Mode Gender Amount
    General Online Male, Female ₹ 1200
    ST, SC Online Male, Female ₹ 700
    OBC Online Male, Female ₹ 900
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    AP PGECET 2024 Syllabus

    AP PGECET Biotechnology Syllabus

    Engineering mathematics-

    Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
    Linear algebra
    Matrices and determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
    Calculus
    Limit, continuity, and differentiability, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, sequences and series, test for convergence, Fourier series
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
    Differential equations
    Linear and nonlinear first order ODEs, higher order ODEs with constant coefficients, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations, Laplace transforms, PDE-Laplace, heat, and wave equations
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
    Probability and Statistics
    Probability and sampling theorem, conditional probability, mean, median, mode and standard deviation, random variables, Poisson, normal and binomial distributions, correlation and regression analysis
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
    Numerical methods
    Solution of linear and nonlinear algebraic equations, integration of trapezoidal and Simpson’s rule, single and multistep methods for differential equations

    Biotechnology+

    Biotechnology: Unit 01
    Microbiology
    Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure; microbial nutrition, growth and control; microbial metabolism (aerobic and anaerobic respiration, photosynthesis); nitrogen fixation; chemical basis of mutations and mutagens
    Microbial genetics (plasmids, transformation, transduction, conjugation); microbial diversity and characteristic features; viruses
    Biotechnology: Unit 02
    Biochemistry
    Biomolecules and their conformation; weak intermolecular interactions in macromolecules; chemical and functional nature of enzymes; kinetics of single substrate and bi-substrate enzyme catalyzed reactions; bioenergetics
    Metabolism (glycolysis, TCA, and oxidative phosphorylation); membrane transport and pumps; cell cycle and cell growth control; cell signaling and signal transduction
    Biotechnology: Unit 03
    Molecular biology and genetics
    Molecular structure of genes and chromosomes; DNA replication and control; transcription and its control; translational processes; regulatory controls in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; Mendelian inheritance; gene interaction; complementation; linkage
    Recombination and chromosome mapping; extra chromosomal inheritance; chromosomal variation; population genetics; transposable elements, molecular basis of genetic diseases and applications
    Biotechnology: Unit 04
    Process biotechnology
    Bioprocess technology for the production of cell biomass and primary/ secondary metabolites, such as Baker’s yeast, ethanol, citric acid, amino acids, exopolysaccharides, antibiotics and pigments etc; microbial production
    Purification and bioprocess application(s) of industrial enzymes; production and purification of recombinant proteins on a large scale; chromatographic and membrane based bioseparation methods
    Immobilization of enzymes and cells and their application for bioconversion processes
    Aerobic and anaerobic biological processes for stabilization of solid/ liquid wastes; bioremediation
    Biotechnology: Unit 05
    Bioprocess engineering
    Kinetics of microbial growth, substrate utilization and product formation; simple structured models; sterilization of air and media; batch, fed-batch and continuous processes; aeration and agitation; mass transfer and bioreactors
    Rheology of fermentation fluids; scale-up concepts; design of fermentation media; various types of microbial and enzyme reactors; instrumentation and bioreactors
    Biotechnology: Unit 06
    Plant and animal biotechnology
    Special features and organization of plant cells; totipotency; regeneration of plants; plant products of industrial importance; biochemistry of major metabolic pathways and products; autotrophic and heterotrophic growth
    Plant growth regulators and elicitors; cell suspension culture development: Methodology, kinetics of growth and production formation, nutrient optimization; production of secondary metabolites by plant suspension cultures
    Hairy root cultures and their cultivation
    Techniques and raising transgencies
    Biotechnology: Unit 07
    Characteristics of animal cells
    Metabolism, regulation, and nutritional requirements for mass cultivation of animal cell cultures; kinetics of cell growth and product formation and effect of shear force; product and substrate transport; micro and macro-carrier culture
    Hybridoma technology; livestock improvement; cloning and animals; genetic engineering and animal cell culture; animal cell preservation
    Biotechnology: Unit 08
    Immunology
    The origin of immunology; inherent immunity; humoral and cell mediated immunity; primary and secondary lymphoid organ; antigen; B and T cells and macrophages; major histocompatibility complex (MHC); antigen processing and presentation
    Synthesis of antibody and secretion; molecular basis of antibody diversity; polyclonal and monoclonal antibody; complement; antigen-antibody reaction; regulation of immune response; immune tolerance; hyper sensitivity; autoimmunity
    Graft versus host reaction
    Biotechnology: Unit 09
    Recombinant DNA technology
    Restriction and modification enzymes; vectors: Plasmid, bacteriophage and other viral vectors, cosmids, Ti plasmid, yeast artificial chromosome; cDNA and genomic DNA library; gene isolation; gene cloning; expression of cloned gene
    Transposons and gene targeting; DNA labeling; DNA sequencing; polymerase chain reactions; DNA fingerprinting; southern and northern blotting; in-situ hybridization; RAPD; RFLP; site directed mutagenesis; gene transfer technologies; gene therapy
    Biotechnology: Unit 10
    Bioinformatics
    Major bioinformatics resources (NCBI, EBI, ExPASy); sequence and structure databases; sequence analysis (bimolecular sequence file formats, scoring matrices, sequence alignment, phylogeny)
    Genomics and proteomics (large scale genome sequencing strategies; comparative genomics; understanding DNA microarrays and protein arrays); molecular modeling and simulations (basic concepts including concept of force fields)

    AP PGECET Chemical Engineering Syllabus

    Engineering mathematics+

    Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
    Linear algebra
    Matrices and determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigenvalues, and Eigenvectors
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
    Calculus
    Functions of single variable, limit, continuity, and differentiability, mean value theorems, evaluation of definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, total derivative, maxima and minima, gradient, divergence and curl, vector densities
    Directional derivatives, line, surface and volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss, and Green's theorems
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
    Differential equations
    First order equations (linear and nonlinear), higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transforms
    Solutions of one dimensional heat and wave equations and Laplace equation
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
    Complex variables
    Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem, Taylor and Laurent series, residue theorem
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
    Probability and Statistics
    Definitions of probability and sampling theorems, conditional probability, probability density function, mean, median, mode and standard deviation, random variables, exponential, Poisson, normal, and binomial distributions
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
    Numerical methods
    Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations integration by trapezoidal and Simpson's rule, single and multi-step methods for differential equations

    Chemical engineering+

    Chemical engineering: Unit 01
    Process calculations and thermodynamics
    Laws of conservation of mass and energy; use of tie components; recycle, bypass and purge calculations; degree of freedom analysis
    First and second laws of thermodynamics
    First law application to close and open systems
    Second law and entropy thermodynamic properties of pure substances: Equation of state and departure function, properties of mixtures: Partial molar properties, fugacity, excess properties and activity coefficients; phase equilibria
    Predicting VLE of systems; chemical reaction equilibria
    Chemical engineering: Unit 02
    Fluid mechanics and mechanical operations
    Fluid statics, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, Bernoulli equation, macroscopic friction factors, energy balance, dimensional analysis, shell balances, flow through pipeline systems, flow meters, pumps and compressors, packed and fluidized beds
    Elementary boundary layer theory, size reduction and size separation; free and hindered settling; centrifuge and cyclones; thickening and classification, filtration, mixing and agitation; conveying of solids
    Chemical engineering: Unit 03
    Heat transfer
    Conduction, convection and radiation, heat transfer coefficients, steady and unsteady heat conduction, boiling, condensation and evaporation; types of heat exchangers and evaporators and their design
    Chemical engineering: Unit 04
    Mass transfer
    Fick's law, molecular diffusion in fluids, mass transfer coefficients, two film, penetration and surface renewal theories; momentum, heat and mass transfer analogies; stage wise and continuous contacting operations and stage efficiencies
    HTU and NTU concepts design and operation of equipment for distillation, absorption, leaching, liquid-liquid extraction, drying, humidification, dehumidification and adsorption
    Chemical engineering: Unit 05
    Chemical reaction engineering
    Theories of reaction rates; kinetics of homogeneous reactions, interpretation of kinetic data, single and multiple reactions in ideal reactors, non-ideal reactors; residence time distribution, single parameter model; non-isothermal reactors
    Kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions; diffusion effects in catalysis
    Chemical engineering: Unit 06
    Instrumentation and process control
    Measurement of process variables; sensors, transducers and their dynamics, transfer functions and dynamic responses of simple systems, process reaction curve, controller modes (P, PI, and PID); control valves
    Analysis of closed loop systems including stability, frequency response and controller tuning, cascade, feed forward control
    Chemical engineering: Unit 07
    Plant design and economics
    Process design and sizing of chemical engineering equipment such as compressors, heat exchangers, multistage contactors; principles of process economics and cost estimation including total annualized cost, cost indexes, rate of return, payback period
    Discounted cash flow, optimization in design
    Chemical engineering: Unit 08
    Chemical technology
    Inorganic chemical industries; sulfuric acid, NaOH, fertilizers (ammonia, urea, SSP, and TSP); natural products industries (pulp and paper, sugar, oil, and fats); petroleum refining and petrochemicals
    Polymerization industries; polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC and polyester synthetic fibers

    AP PGECET Civil Engineering Syllabus

    Engineering mathematics+

    Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
    Linear algebra
    Matrices and determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
    Calculus
    Functions of single variable, limit, continuity, and differentiability, mean value theorems, evaluation of definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, total derivative, maxima and minima, gradient, divergence and curl, vector identities
    Directional derivatives, line, surface and volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss, and Green's theorems
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
    Differential equations
    First order equations (linear and nonlinear), higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transforms
    Solutions of one dimensional heat and wave equations and Laplace equation
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
    Complex variables
    Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem, Taylor, and Laurent series
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
    Probability and Statistics
    Definitions of probability and sampling theorems, conditional probability, probability density function, mean, median, mode, and standard deviation, random variables, exponential, Poisson, normal, and binomial distributions
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
    Numerical methods
    Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations integration by trapezoidal and Simpson's rule, single and multi-step methods for differential equations

    Structural engineering+

    Structural engineering: Unit 01
    Mechanics
    Bending moment and shear force in statically determinate beams
    Simple stress and strain relationship: Stress and strain in two dimensions, principal stresses, stress transformation, Mohr's circle
    Simple bending theory, flexural and shear stresses, unsymmetrical bending, shear centre
    Thin walled pressure vessels, uniform torsion, buckling of column, combined and direct bending stresses
    Structural engineering: Unit 02
    Structural analysis
    Analysis of statically determinate trusses, arches, beams, cables and frames, displacements in statically determinate structures and analysis of statically indeterminate structures by force/ energy methods
    Analysis by displacement methods (slope deflection and moment distribution methods), influence lines for determinate and indeterminate structures
    Basic concepts of matrix methods of structural analysis
    Structural engineering: Unit 03
    Concrete structures
    Concrete technology-properties of concrete, basics of mix design
    Concrete design, working stress and limit state design concepts, analysis of ultimate load capacity and design of members subjected to flexure, shear, compression and torsion by limit state methods
    Basic elements of prestressed concrete, analysis of beam sections at transfer and service loads
    Structural engineering: Unit 04
    Steel structures
    Analysis and design of tension and compression members, beams, beam-columns, column bases
    Connections-simple and eccentric, beam-column connections, plate girders, and trusses
    Plastic analysis of beams and frames

    Geotechnical engineering+

    Geotechnical engineering: Unit 01
    Soil mechanics
    Origin of soils, soil classification, three-phase system, fundamental definitions, relationship and interrelationships, permeability and seepage, effective stress principle, consolidation, compaction, shear strength
    Geotechnical engineering: Unit 02
    Foundation engineering
    Subsurface investigations-scope, drilling bore holes, sampling, penetration tests, plate load test
    Earth pressure theories, effect of water table, layered soils
    Stability of slopes-infinite slopes, finite slopes
    Foundation types-foundation design requirements
    Shallow foundations-bearing capacity, effect of shape, water table and other factors, stress distribution, settlement analysis in sands and clays
    Deep foundations, pile types, dynamic and static formulae, load capacity of piles in sands and clays, negative skin friction

    Water resources and environmental engineering+

    Water resources and environmental engineering: Unit 01
    Fluid mechanics and hydraulics
    Properties of fluids, principle of conservation of mass, momentum, energy and corresponding equations, potential flow, applications of momentum and Bernoulli’s equation, laminar and turbulent flow, flow in pipes, pipe networks
    Concept of boundary layer and its growth
    Uniform flow, critical flow and gradually varied flow in channels, specific energy concept, hydraulic jump
    Forces on immersed bodies, flow measurements in channels, tanks and pipes
    Dimensional analysis and hydraulic modeling
    Kinematics of flow, velocity triangles, and specific speed of pumps and turbines
    Water resources and environmental engineering: Unit 02
    Hydrology
    Hydrologic cycle, rainfall, evaporation, infiltration, stage discharge relationships, unit hydrographs, flood estimation, reservoir capacity, reservoir and channel routing
    Well hydraulics
    Water resources and environmental engineering: Unit 03
    Irrigation
    Duty, delta, estimation of evapotranspiration
    Crop water requirements
    Design of lined and unlined canals, waterways, head works, gravity dams, and spillways
    Design of weirs on permeable foundation
    Types of irrigation system, irrigation methods
    Water logging and drainage, sodic soils

    Environmental engineering+

    Environmental engineering: Unit 01
    Water and wastewater engineering
    Drinking water quality standards, water demand/ requirements, unit operations and unit processes for surface water treatment, sedimentation, coagulation, filtration, disinfection, special treatment methods, distribution of water
    Sewage and sewerage, sewer appurtenances, quantity of characteristics of domestic wastewater, primary and secondary, and tertiary treatment of domestic wastewater, effluent discharge standards, sludge treatment, and disposal
    Environmental engineering: Unit 02
    Air pollution
    Types of pollutants, their sources and impacts, air pollution meteorology, air pollution control methods and units, air quality standards, and limits
    Environmental engineering: Unit 03
    Municipal solid wastes
    Characteristics, generation, collection and transportation of solid wastes, engineered systems for solid waste management (reuse/ recycle, energy recovery, treatment, and disposal)
    Environmental engineering: Unit 04
    Noise pollution
    Impacts of noise, permissible limits, measurement of noise, and control of noise pollution

    Transportation engineering+

    Transportation engineering: Unit 01
    Highway planning
    Geometric design of highways, testing and specifications of paving materials, design of flexible and rigid pavements
    Transportation engineering: Unit 02
    Traffic engineering
    Traffic characteristics, theory of traffic flow, intersection design, traffic signs and signal design, highway capacity
    Transportation engineering: Unit 03
    Surveying
    Importance of surveying, principles, and classifications, mapping concepts, coordinate system, map projections, measurements of distance and directions, leveling, theodolite traversing, plane table surveying, errors, and adjustments, curves

    AP PGECET Computer Science & Information Technology Syllabus

    Engineering mathematics+

    Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
    Probability and Statistics
    Probability, conditional probability; probability density function, mean, median, mode and standard deviation; random variables; distributions; uniform, normal, exponential, Poisson, binomial
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
    Set theory and algebra
    Sets; relations; functions; groups; partial orders; lattice; Boolean algebra
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
    Linear algebra
    Algebra of matrices, determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
    Numerical methods
    LU decomposition for systems of linear equations; numerical solutions of nonlinear algebraic equations by secant, bisection, and Newton-Raphson methods; numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpson's rules
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
    Calculus
    Limit, continuity, and differentiability, mean value theorems, theorems of integral calculus, evaluation of definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, total derivatives, maxima and minima

    Computer science and information technology+

    Computer science and information technology: Unit 01
    Combinatorics
    Permutations; combinations; counting; summation; generating functions; recurrence relations; asymptotic
    Computer science and information technology: Unit 02
    Graph theory
    Connectivity; spanning trees; cut vertices and edges; covering; matching; independent sets; coloring; planarity; isomorphism
    Computer science and information technology: Unit 03
    Mathematical logic
    Propositional logic; first order logic
    Computer science and information technology: Unit 04
    Digital logic
    Logic functions, minimization, design and synthesis of combinational and sequential circuits; number representation and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point)
    Computer science and information technology: Unit 05
    Computer organization and architecture
    Machine instructions and addressing modes, ALU and datapath, CPU control design, memory interface, I/O interface (interrupt and DMA mode), instruction pipelining, cache and main memory, secondary storage
    Computer science and information technology: Unit 06
    Programming and data structures
    Programming in C; functions, recursion, parameter passing, scope, binding; abstract data types, arrays, stacks, queues, linked lists, trees, binary search trees, binary heaps
    Computer science and information technology: Unit 07
    Algorithms
    Analysis, asymptotic notation, notions of space and time complexity, worst and average case analysis; design: Greedy approach, dynamic programming, divide-and conquer; tree and graph traversals, connected components, spanning trees, shortest paths
    Design: Hashing, sorting, searching
    Asymptotic analysis (best, worst, average cases) of time and space, upper and lower bounds, basic concepts of complexity classes P, NP, NP-hard, NP-complete
    Computer science and information technology: Unit 08
    Theory of computation
    Regular languages and finite automata, context free languages and pushdown automata, recursively enumerable sets and turing machines, undecidability
    Computer science and information technology: Unit 09
    Compiler design
    Lexical analysis, parsing, syntax directed translation, runtime environments, intermediate and target code generation, basics of code optimization
    Computer science and information technology: Unit 10
    Operating system
    Processes, threads, inter-process communication, concurrency, synchronization, deadlock, CPU scheduling, memory management and virtual memory, file systems, I/O systems, protection and security
    Computer science and information technology: Unit 11
    Databases
    ER-model, relational model (relational algebra, tuple calculus), database design (integrity constraints, normal forms), query languages (SQL), file structures (sequential files, indexing, B and B+ trees), transactions and concurrency control
    Computer science and information technology: Unit 12
    Information systems and software engineering
    Information gathering, requirement and feasibility analysis, data flow diagrams, process specifications, input/ output design, process life cycle, planning and managing the project, design, coding, testing, implementation, maintenance
    Computer science and information technology: Unit 13
    Computer networks
    ISO/OSI stack, LAN technologies (ethernet, token ring), flow and error control techniques, routing algorithms, congestion control, TCP/UDP and sockets, IP(v4), application layer protocols (ICMP, DNS, SMTP, POP, FTP, http)
    Basic concepts of hubs, switches, gateways, and routers
    Network security basic concepts of public key and private key cryptography, digital signature, firewalls
    Computer science and information technology: Unit 14
    Web technologies
    HTML, XML, basic concepts of client-server computing

    AP PGECET Electrical Engineering Syllabus

    Engineering mathematics+

    Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
    Linear algebra
    Matrices and determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
    Calculus
    Mean value theorems, theorems of integral calculus, evaluation of definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, multiple integrals, Fourier series
    Vector identities, directional derivatives, line, surface and volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss, and Green's theorems
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
    Differential equations
    First order equation (linear and nonlinear), higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, method of variation of parameters, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, initial and boundary value problems
    Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
    Complex variables
    Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem and integral formula, Taylor's and Laurent's series, residue theorem, solution integrals
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
    Probability and Statistics
    Probability and sampling theorems, conditional probability, probability density function, mean, median, mode, and standard deviation, random variables, discrete and continuous distributions, exponential, Poisson, normal, and binomial distribution
    Correlation and regression analysis
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
    Numerical methods
    Solutions of nonlinear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for differential equations

    Electrical engineering+

    Electrical engineering: Unit 01
    Electric circuits and fields
    Network graph, KCL, KVL, node and mesh analysis, transient response of DC and AC networks; sinusoidal steady-state analysis, resonance, basic filter concepts; ideal current and voltage sources, Thevenin's
    Norton's and superposition and maximum power transfer theorems, two-port networks, three phase circuits; Gauss theorem, electric field and potential due to point, line, plane and spherical charge distributions; Ampere's and Biot-Savart's laws; inductance
    Dielectrics; capacitance
    Electrical engineering: Unit 02
    Signals and systems
    Representation of continuous and discrete-time signals; shifting and scaling operations; linear, time-invariant and causal systems; Fourier series representation of continuous periodic signals; sampling theorem; Fourier, Laplace, and Z transforms
    Electrical engineering: Unit 03
    Electrical machines
    Single phase transformer-equivalent circuit, phasor diagram, tests, regulation and efficiency; three phase transformers-connections, parallel operation; auto-transformer; energy conversion principles; DC machines-types, windings, generator characteristics
    DC machines-armature reaction and commutation, starting and speed control of motors; three phase induction motors-principles, types, performance characteristics, starting and speed control; single phase induction motors; synchronous machines-performance
    Synchronous machines-regulation and parallel operation of generators, motor starting, characteristics, and applications; servo and stepper motors
    Electrical engineering: Unit 04
    Power systems
    Basic power generation concepts; transmission line models and performance; cable performance, insulators; corona and radio interference; distribution systems; per-unit quantities; bus impedance and admittance matrices; load flow
    Voltage control; power factor correction; symmetrical components; fault analysis; principles of over-current, differential and distance protection; solid state relays and digital protection; circuit breakers; system stability concepts
    Swing curves and equal area criterion; HVDC transmission and FACTS concepts
    Electrical engineering: Unit 05
    Control systems
    Principles of feedback, transfer function, block diagrams; steady-state errors; Routh and Nyquist techniques; Bode plots; root loci; lag, lead and lead-lag compensation; state space model; state transition matrix, controllability, and observability
    Electrical engineering: Unit 06
    Electrical and electronic measurements
    Bridges and potentiometers; PMMC, moving iron, dynamometer and induction type instruments; measurement of voltage, current, power, energy, and power factor; instrument transformers; digital voltmeters and multimeters; phase, time and frequency measurement
    Q-meters; oscilloscopes; error analysis
    Electrical engineering: Unit 07
    Analog and digital electronics
    Characteristics of diodes, BJT, FET; amplifiers-biasing, equivalent circuit and frequency response; oscillators and feedback amplifiers; operational amplifiers-characteristics and applications; simple active filters; VCOs and timers
    Combinational and sequential logic circuits; multiplexer; schmitt trigger; multi-vibrators; sample and hold circuits; A/D and D/A converters; 8-bit microprocessor basics (8085 ), architecture, programming, and interfacing
    Electrical engineering: Unit 08
    Power electronics and drives
    Semiconductor power diodes, transistors, thyristors, triacs, GTOs, MOSFETs, and IGBTs-static characteristics and principles of operation; triggering circuits; phase control rectifiers; bridge converters-fully controlled and half controlled
    Principles of choppers and inverters; basic concepts of adjustable speed DC and AC drives
    Electrical engineering: Unit 09
    Electric traction system
    Speed-time curves, specific energy consumption, mechanism of train movement

    AP PGECET Electronics & Communication Engineering Syllabus

    Engineering mathematics+

    Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
    Linear algebra
    Matrix algebra, systems of linear equations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
    Calculus
    Mean value theorems, theorems of integral calculus, evaluation of definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, multiple integrals, Fourier series
    Vector identities, directional derivatives, line, surface and volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green's theorems
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
    Differential equations
    First order equations (linear and nonlinear), higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, method of variation of parameters, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, initial and boundary value problems
    Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
    Complex variables
    Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem, and integral formula, Taylor's and Laurent' Series, residue theorem, solution integrals
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
    Probability and Statistics
    Probability and sampling theorems, conditional probability, probability density function, mean, median, mode, and standard deviation, random variables, discrete and continuous distributions, exponential, Poisson, normal and Binomial distributions
    Correlation and regression analysis
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
    Numerical methods
    Solutions of nonlinear equations, single and multi-step methods for differential equations

    Electronics and communication engineering+

    Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 01
    Networks
    Network graphs: Matrices associated with graphs; incidence, fundamental cut set and fundamental circuit matrices
    Solution methods: nodal and mesh analysis
    Network theorems: Superposition, Thevenin, and Norton's maximum power transfer, Wye-Delta transformation
    Steady state sinusoidal analysis using phasors
    Linear constant coefficient differential equations; time domain analysis of simple RLC circuits, solution of network equations using Laplace transform: Frequency domain analysis of RLC circuits
    2-port network parameters: Driving point and transfer functions
    State equations for networks
    Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 02
    Electronic devices
    Energy bands in silicon, intrinsic, and extrinsic silicon
    Carrier transport in silicon: Diffusion current, drift current, mobility, and resistivity
    Generation and recombination of carriers
    P-N Junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, BJT, JFET, MOS capacitor, MOSFET, LED, PIN and avalanche photodiode, basics of lasers
    Device technology: Integrated circuits fabrication process, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, photolithography, n-tub, p-tub, and twin-tub CMOS process
    Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 03
    Analog circuits
    Small signal equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs, and analog CMOS
    Simple diode circuits, clipping, clamping, rectifier
    Biasing and bias stability of BJT and FET amplifiers
    Amplifiers: Single-and multi-stage, differential and operational, feedback, and power
    Frequency response of an amplifiers
    Simple op-amp circuits
    Filters
    Sinusoidal oscillators; criterion for oscillation; single-transistor and op-amp configurations
    Function generators and wave-shaping circuits, 555 timers
    Power supplies
    Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 04
    Digital circuits
    Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS)
    Combinatorial circuits: Arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers, decoders, PROMs, and PLAs
    Sequential circuits: Latches and flip-flops, counters, and shift-registers
    Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, DACs
    Semiconductor memories
    Microprocessor (8085): Architecture, programming, memory and I/O interfacing
    Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 05
    Signals and systems
    Definitions and properties of Laplace transform
    Continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier series, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier transform, DFT and FFT, Z-transform
    Sampling theorem
    Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems: Definitions and properties; causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeros, parallel and cascade structure, frequency response, group delay, phase delay
    Signal transmission through LTI systems
    Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 06
    Control systems
    Basic control system components; block diagrammatic description, reduction of block diagrams
    Open loop and closed loop (feedback) systems and stability analysis of these systems
    Signal flow graphs and their use in determining transfer functions of systems; transient and steady state analysis of LTI control systems and frequency response
    Tools and techniques for LTI control system analysis: Root loci, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, Bode, and Nyquist plots
    Control system compensators: Elements of lead and lag compensation, elements of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control
    State variable representation and solution of state equation of LTI control systems
    Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 07
    Communications
    Deterministic and random signals, types of noise, autocorrelation, power spectral density
    Analog communication systems: Amplitude and angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectral analysis of these operations, superheterodyne receivers; elements of hardware, realizations of analog communication systems
    Analog communication systems: Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculations for amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) for low noise conditions
    Fundamentals of information theory and channel capacity theorem
    Digital communication systems: Pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM), digital modulation schemes: Amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK), matched filter receivers
    Digital communication systems: Digital modulation schemes-bandwidth consideration and probability of error calculations for these schemes
    Basics of TDMA, FDMA and CDMA and GSM
    Electronics and communication engineering: Unit 08
    Electromagnetics
    Elements of vector calculus: Divergence and curl; Gauss' and Stokes' theorems, Maxwell's equations: Differential and integral forms. Wave equation, Poynting vector
    Plane waves: Propagation through various media; reflection and refraction; phase and group velocity; skin depth
    Transmission lines: Characteristic impedance; impedance transformation; Smith chart; impedance matching; S parameters, pulse excitation
    Waveguides: Modes in rectangular waveguides; boundary conditions; cut-off frequencies; dispersion relations. Basics of propagation in dielectric waveguide and optical fibers
    Basics of Antennas: Dipole antennas; radiation pattern; antenna gain

    AP PGECET Food Technology Syllabus

    Food chemistry and nutrition+

    Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 01
    Food chemistry
    Carbohydrates-structure and functional properties of mono, di, and oligo polysaccharides including starch, cellulose, pectic substances and dietary fibre; proteins-classification and structure of proteins in food
    Lipids-classification and structure of lipids, rancidity of fats, polymerization and polymorphism; pigments-carotenoids, chlorophylls, anthocyanins, tannins and myoglobin; food flavours-terpenes, esters, ketones and quinones
    Enzymes-Enzymatic and non-enzymatic browning in different foods
    Food chemistry and nutrition: Unit 02
    Nutrition
    Balanced diet, essential amino acids and fatty acids, PER, water soluble and fat soluble vitamins, role of minerals in nutrition, antinutrients, nutrition deficiency diseases

    Food microbiology and biotechnology+

    Food microbiology and biotechnology: Unit 01
    Food microbiology
    Characteristics of microorganisms-morphology, structure and detection of bacteria, yeast and mold in food, spores and vegetative cells; microbial growth in food-intrinsic and extrinsic factors, growth and death kinetics
    Characteristics of microorganisms-serial dilution method for quantification; food spoilage-contributing factors, spoilage bacteria, microbial spoilage of milk and milk products, meat and meat products; food borne disease-toxins produced by staphylococcus
    Foodborne disease-clostridium and aspergillus; bacterial pathogens-salmonella, bacillus, listeria, escherichia coli, shigella, campylobacter
    Food microbiology and biotechnology: Unit 02
    Biotechnology
    Fermented foods-buttermilk, yoghurt, cheese, sausage, alcoholic beverage, vinegar, wine, beer, whisky, sauerkraut, soya sauce

    Food technology+

    Food technology: Unit 01
    Cereals, pulses, and oil seeds
    Composition, nutritive value, processing methods and products of: (i) Rice, wheat, and maize, barley, oats, and minor millets; (ii) bengal gram, red gram, green gram, black gram, chickpeas, (iii) ground nut, soya bean, sunflower, and other oil seeds
    Food technology: Unit 02
    Fruits, vegetables, and plantation crops
    Extraction, clarification, concentration and packaging of fruit juice, production of jam, jelly, marmalade, squash, candies, and pickles, pectin from fruit waste, tea, coffee, chocolate and essential oils from spices
    Food technology: Unit 03
    Meat, fish, poultry, and milk
    Post mortem changes of meat, freezing, aging, pickling, smoking and tenderization of meat, drying and canning of fish
    Structure, composition, nutritive value and functional properties of eggs and its preservation by different methods
    Food technology: Unit 04
    Milk and milk products processing
    Milk processing flow sheet, filtration/ clarification, storage of milk, standardization-simple problems in standardization, homogenization, pasteurization-types of pasteurization process
    Manufacture of cream, butter, ghee, milk powder, cheese

    Food engineering+

    Food engineering: Unit 01
    Fluid mechanics
    Nature of fluids, flow properties of fluids, flow through pipes and fittings, flow measurement, transportation of fluids-pumps, compressors, and blowers; heat transfer: Heat transfer by conduction, convection, radiation, boiling and condensation
    Heat transfer: Steady and unsteady state heat transfer; other unit operations; size reduction, homogenization, filtration, sedimentation, centrifugation, sieving, mixing, extraction, crystallizations, evaporation, drying and extrusion
    Heat transfer: Types of equipment used in each unit operation, their selection, applications in food industry

    Food quality and standards+

    Food quality and standards: Unit 01
    Food quality
    Food quality and quality attributes-classification of quality attributes and their role in food quality
    Quality assessment of food materials-fruits and vegetables, cereals and pulses, dairy products, meat, poultry, egg and processed food products sensory evaluation of food quality and its methods food adulteration and food safety
    Food quality and standards: Unit 02
    Standards
    FSSAI/ PFA act 1954 and rules 1955-scope; definitions and standards of quality, FPO and MPO-rules, FSMS-22000: 2005-various elements included in the standard, introduction to the family of ISO 22000 standards
    Comparison of ISO 9001:2008 vs. ISO 22000:2005, HACCP-terminology, principles, identification of CCP's, application of HACCP system and the logic sequence involved

    AP PGECET Geoengineering & Geoinformatics Syllabus

    Engineering mathematics+

    Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
    Linear algebra
    Matrices and determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
    Calculus
    Functions of single variable, limit, continuity, and differentiability, mean value theorems, evaluation of definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, total derivative, maxima and minima, gradient, divergence and curl, vector identities
    Directional derivatives, line, surface and volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss, and Green's theorems
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
    Complex variables
    Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem, Taylor, and Laurent series
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
    Probability and Statistics
    Definitions of probability and sampling theorems, conditional probability, mean, median, mode, and standard deviation, random variables, exponential, Poisson, normal and binomial distributions

    Geoengineering+

    Geoengineering: Unit 01
    Continents
    Earth composition
    Earth-orbit, oceans-depth, bottom, relief

    Rocks+

    Rocks: Unit 01
    Kinds of rocks
    Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic rocks origin and classification, minerals-silicate minerals and non silicate minerals and physical properties of minerals

    Surveying methods+

    Surveying methods: Unit 01
    Topographic surveying
    Theodolite applications, topographic sheets, aerial photo formats maps: Types of photographs-vertical and oblique photographs
    Aerial cameras: Lens, optical axis, focal length, focal plane and fiducial marks; principal point; geometry of vertical photographs map projections, fundamentals of cartography

    Physical principles of remote sensing, electromagnetic spectrum+

    Physical principles of remote sensing, electromagnetic spectrum: Unit 01
    Electromagnetic radiation (EMR)
    Velocity of EM radiation, propagation of EM waves, fundamentals of radiometry: Measure geometry-concept of the solid angle, radiometric quantities, classification of remote sensor, selection of sensor parameters, spatial resolution, spectral resolution
    Radiometric resolution, temporal resolution optical and infrared microwave sensors sun-synchronous and geosynchronous satellites-land coverage, repetitivity, along track and across track stereo vision capability
    IRS, LANDSAT, SPOT, CANADA, JAPAN, EUROPEAN, satellite series

    GIS concepts+

    GIS concepts: Unit 01
    Components of GIS
    Hardware, software, data files and databases-data types database structures, hierarchical, network, relational vector data structure-vector data model, arcs, storing area, database creation, digitizer, topology, Euler equation, topological consistency
    Relational vector data structure-topological errors, digital elevation models, data transformation-change in dimensionality, change in position-rubber sheeting, tin sheeting-vector to raster, raster to vector conversion vector data-polygon overlay
    Polygon statistics, network analysis-non-spatial data analysis, structured query language
    GIS concepts: Unit 02
    Modeling
    Definition, spatial modeling, external model, conceptual model, logical model, internal model-GIS applications in resource management data capture using GPS for GIS FM studies, object oriented database models
    GIS concepts: Unit 03
    Recent trends in GIS and applications
    Study of rainfall, estimation of runoff and evapotranspiration, water table environment-meaning, scope, components environments, soils-texture, strengths, porosity, and permeability

    AP PGECET Instrumentation Engineering Syllabus

    Engineering mathematics+

    Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
    Linear algebra
    Matrices and determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
    Calculus
    Mean value theorems, theorems of integral calculus, evaluation of definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, multiple integrals, Fourier series
    Vector identities, directional derivatives, line, surface and volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green's theorems
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
    Differential equations
    First order equation (linear and nonlinear), higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, method of variation of parameters, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, initial and boundary value problems
    Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
    Complex variables
    Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem and integral formula, Taylor's and Laurent's series, residue theorem, solution integrals
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
    Probability and Statistics
    Probability, sampling theorems, conditional probability, probability density function, mean, median, mode, and standard deviation, random variables, discrete and continuous distributions, exponential, Poisson, normal, and binomial distribution
    Correlation and regression analysis
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
    Numerical methods
    Solutions of nonlinear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for differential equations

    Instrumentation engineering+

    Instrumentation engineering: Unit 01
    Basics of circuits and measurement systems
    Kirchoff's laws, mesh, and nodal analysis
    Circuit theorems
    One-port and two-port network functions
    Static and dynamic characteristics of Measurement Systems
    Error and uncertainty analysis
    Statistical analysis of data and curve fitting
    Instrumentation engineering: Unit 02
    Transducers, mechanical measurement, and industrial instrumentation
    Resistive, capacitive, inductive and piezoelectric transducers and their signal conditioning
    Measurement of displacement, velocity and acceleration (translational and rotational), force, torque, vibration and shock
    Measurement of pressure, flow, temperature and liquid level
    Measurement of Ph, conductivity, viscosity and humidity
    Instrumentation engineering: Unit 03
    Analog electronics
    Characteristics of diode, BJT, JFET, and MOSFET
    Diode circuits
    Transistors at low and high frequencies, amplifiers, single and multi-stage
    Feedback amplifiers
    Operational amplifiers, characteristics, and circuit configurations
    Instrumentation amplifier
    Precision rectifier
    V-to-i and i-to-v converter
    Op-amp based active filters
    Oscillators and signal generators
    Instrumentation engineering: Unit 04
    Digital electronics
    Combinational logic circuits, minimization of boolean functions
    IC families, TTL, MOS, and CMOS
    Arithmetic circuits
    Comparators, Schmitt trigger, timers, and mono-stable multi-vibrator
    Sequential circuits, flip-flops, counters, shift registers
    Multiplexer, S/H circuit
    Analog to-digital and digital to-analog converters
    Basics of number system
    Microprocessor applications, memory, and input-output interfacing
    Microcontrollers
    Instrumentation engineering: Unit 05
    Signals, systems, and communications
    Periodic and aperiodic signals
    Impulse response, transfer function and frequency response of first-and second order systems
    Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform, convolution, correlation, and characteristics of linear time invariant systems
    Discrete time system, impulse, and frequency response
    Pulse transfer function
    IIR and FIR filters
    Amplitude and frequency modulation and demodulation
    Sampling theorem, pulse code modulation
    Frequency and time division multiplexing
    Amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying, and pulse shift keying for digital modulation
    Instrumentation engineering: Unit 06
    Electrical and electronic measurements
    Bridges and potentiometers, measurement of R, L, and C
    Measurements of voltage, current, power, power factor, and energy
    AC and DC current probes
    Extension of instrument ranges
    Q-meter and waveform analyzer
    Digital voltmeter and multimeter
    Time, phase, and frequency measurements
    Cathode ray oscilloscope
    Serial and parallel communication
    Shielding and grounding
    Instrumentation engineering: Unit 07
    Control systems and process control
    Feedback principles
    Signal flow graphs
    Transient response, steady state-errors
    Routh and Nyquist criteria
    Bode plot, root loci
    Time delay systems
    Phase and gain margin
    State space representation of systems
    Mechanical, hydraulic, and pneumatic system components
    Synchro pair, servo, and step motors
    On-off, cascade, P, PI, PID, feed forward and derivative controller, fuzzy controllers
    Instrumentation engineering: Unit 08
    Analytical, optical, and biomedical instrumentation
    Mass spectrometry, UV, visible, and IR spectrometry
    X-ray and nuclear radiation measurements
    Optical sources and detectors, LED, laser, photodiode, photoresistor, and their characteristics
    Interferometers, applications in metrology
    Basics of fiber optics
    Biomedical instruments, EEG, ECG, and EMG
    Clinical measurements
    Ultrasonic transducers and Ultrasonography
    Principles of Computer Assisted Tomography

    AP PGECET Mechanical Engineering Syllabus

    Engineering mathematics+

    Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
    Linear algebra
    Matrices algebra, systems of linear equations, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
    Calculus
    Functions of single variable, limit, continuity, and differentiability, mean value theorems, evaluation of definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, total derivative, maxima and minima, gradient, divergence and curl, vector identities
    Directional derivatives, line, surface and volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss, and Green's theorems
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
    Differential equations
    First order equations (linear and nonlinear), higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transforms
    Solutions of one dimensional heat and wave equations and Laplace equation
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
    Complex variables
    Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem, Taylor, and Laurent series
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
    Probability and Statistics
    Definitions of probability and sampling theorems, conditional probability, mean, median, mode, and standard deviation, random variables, exponential, Poisson, normal, and binomial distributions
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
    Numerical methods
    Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations, integration by trapezoidal and Simpson's rule, single and multi-step methods for differential equations

    Applied mechanics and design+

    Applied mechanics and design: Unit 01
    Engineering mechanics
    Free body diagrams and equilibrium; trusses and frames; virtual work; kinematics and dynamics of particles and rigid bodies in plane motion, including impulse and momentum (linear and angular) and energy formulations; impact
    Applied mechanics and design: Unit 02
    Strength of materials
    Stress and strain, stress-strain relationship and elastic constants, Mohr's circle for plane stress and plane strain, thin cylinders; shear force and bending moment diagrams; bending and shear stresses; deflection of beams; torsion of circular shafts
    Euler's theory of columns; strain energy methods; thermal stresses
    Applied mechanics and design: Unit 03
    Theory of machines
    Displacement, velocity and acceleration analysis of plane mechanisms; dynamic analysis of slider-crank mechanism; gear and gear trains; flywheels
    Applied mechanics and design: Unit 04
    Vibrations
    Free and forced vibration of single degree of freedom systems; effect of damping; vibration isolation; resonance, critical speeds of shafts
    Applied mechanics and design: Unit 05
    Design
    Design for static and dynamic loading; failure theories; fatigue strength the S-N diagram; principles of the design of machine elements such as bolted, riveted and welded joints, shafts, spur gears, rolling and sliding contact bearings
    Applied mechanics and design: Unit 06
    Machine design
    Brakes and clutches

    Fluid mechanics and thermal sciences+

    Fluid mechanics and thermal sciences: Unit 01
    Fluid mechanics
    Fluid properties; fluid statics, manometry, buoyancy; control-volume analysis of mass, momentum and energy; fluid acceleration; differential equations of continuity and momentum; Bernoulli's equation; viscous flow of incompressible fluids; boundary layer
    Elementary turbulent flow; flow through pipes, head losses in pipes, bends, etc
    Fluid mechanics and thermal sciences: Unit 02
    Heat-transfer
    Modes of heat transfer; one dimensional heat conduction, resistance concept, electrical analogy, unsteady heat conduction, dimensionless parameters in free and forced convective heat transfer
    Various correlations for heat transfer in flow over flat plates and through pipes; thermal boundary layer; effect of turbulence; radiative heat transfer, black and grey surfaces, shape factors, network analysis; heat exchanger performance
    LMTD and NTU methods
    Fluid mechanics and thermal sciences: Unit 03
    Thermodynamics
    Thermodynamics: Thermodynamic systems and processes; properties of pure substances, behavior of ideal and real gases; zeroth and first laws of thermodynamics, calculation of work and heat in various processes; second law of thermodynamics
    Thermodynamics: Zeroth, first, and second laws of thermodynamics; thermodynamic system and processes; Carnot cycle
    Irreversibility and availability; behaviour of ideal and real gases, properties of pure substances, calculation of work and heat in ideal processes; analysis of thermodynamic cycles related to energy conversion
    Fluid mechanics and thermal sciences: Unit 04
    Applications
    Power engineering: Steam tables, Rankine, Brayton cycles with regeneration and reheat
    I.C. Engines: Air-standard Otto, diesel cycles
    Refrigeration and air-conditioning: Vapour refrigeration cycle, heat pumps, gas refrigeration, reverse Brayton cycle; moist air: Psychrometric chart, basic psychrometric processes
    Turbomachinery: Pelton wheel, Francis and Kaplan turbines-impulse and reaction principles, velocity diagrams

    Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering+

    Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 01
    Engineering materials
    Structure and properties of engineering materials, heat treatment, stress-strain diagrams for engineering materials
    Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 02
    Metal casting
    Design of patterns, moulds and cores; solidification and cooling; riser and gating design, design considerations
    Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 03
    Forming
    Plastic deformation and yield criteria; fundamentals of hot and cold working processes; load estimation for bulk (forging, rolling, extrusion, drawing) and sheet (shearing, deep drawing, bending) metal forming processes; principles of powder metallurgy
    Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 04
    Joining
    Physics of welding, brazing, and soldering; adhesive bonding; design considerations in welding
    Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 05
    Machining and machine tool operations
    Mechanics of machining, single and multi-point cutting tools, tool geometry and materials, tool life and wear; economics of machining; principles of nontraditional machining processes; principles of work holding, principles of design of jigs and fixtures
    Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 06
    Metrology and inspection
    Limits, fits, and tolerances; linear and angular measurements; comparators; gauge design; interferometry; form and finish measurement; alignment and testing methods; tolerance analysis in manufacturing and assembly
    Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 07
    Computer integrated manufacturing
    Basic concepts of CAD/ CAM and their integration tools
    Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 08
    Production planning and control
    Forecasting models, aggregate production planning, scheduling, materials requirement planning
    Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 09
    Inventory control
    Deterministic and probabilistic models; safety stock inventory control systems
    Materials, manufacturing, and industrial engineering: Unit 10
    Operations research
    Linear programming, simplex method, transportation, assignment, network flow models, simple queuing models, PERT, and CPM

    AP PGECET Metallurgy Syllabus

    Engineering mathematics+

    Engineering mathematics: Unit 01
    Linear algebra
    Matrices and determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 02
    Calculus
    Limit, continuity, and differentiability; partial derivatives; maxima and minima; sequences and series; test for convergence; Fourier series
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 03
    Vector calculus
    Gradient; divergence and curl; line; surface and volume integrals; Stokes, Gauss, and Green's theorems
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 04
    Differential equations
    Linear and non-linear first order odes; higher order linear odes with constant coefficients; Cauchy's and Euler's equations; Laplace transforms; PDEs-Laplace, heat, and wave equations
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 05
    Probability and Statistics
    Probability and sampling theorem, conditional probability, probability density function, mean, median, mode, and standard deviation; random variables; exponential, Poisson, normal and binomial distributions; correlation and regression analysis
    Engineering mathematics: Unit 06
    Numerical methods
    Solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations; integration of trapezoidal and Simpson's rule; single and multi-step methods for differential equations

    Metallurgical engineering+

    Metallurgical engineering: Unit 01
    Thermodynamics and rate processes
    Laws of thermodynamics, activity, equilibrium constant, applications to metallurgical systems, solutions, phase equilibria, Ellingham and phase stability diagrams, thermodynamics of surfaces, interfaces and defects, adsorption, and segregation
    Basic kinetic laws, order of reactions, rate constants and rate limiting steps; principles of electro chemistry-single electrode potential, electrochemical cells and polarizations, aqueous corrosion and protection of metals
    Oxidation and high temperature corrosion-characterization and control; heat transfer-conduction, convection and heat transfer coefficient relations, radiation, mass transfer-diffusion and Fick's laws, mass transfer coefficients
    Momentum transfer-concepts of viscosity, shell balances, Bernoulli's equation, friction factors
    Metallurgical engineering: Unit 02
    Extractive metallurgy
    Minerals of economic importance, comminution techniques, size classification, flotation, gravity, and other methods of mineral processing; agglomeration, pyro-hydro and electro-metallurgical processes; material and energy balances
    Principles and processes for the extraction of non-ferrous metals-aluminium, copper, zinc, lead, magnesium, nickel, titanium, and other rare metals; iron and steel making-principles, role structure and properties of slags, metallurgical coke